甘肃省静宁县第一中学2018_2019学年高二英语下学期期末考试试题（含解析） (2).docx

静宁一中2018-2019学年度第二学期高二级期末考试题（卷）英语试题本试题卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。满分120分，考试时间100分钟。作答时，将答案涂在答题卡上，在本试题卷上答题无效。第I卷（选择题 共70分）第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节：（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AHave you ever been into a cave? If not, please follow us and explore some of the most beautiful caves from around the world!Marble CavesLocated in the center of Lake General Carrera, the Marble Caves in Chico, Chile, are only accessible by boat. The surrounding crystal clear waters allow visitors to see the rock formations beneath them while the rock ceilings above change color(depending on the writer levels and the season). The best time to visit: during sunrise and sunset, when the suns rays light up the cave walls, making it an experience to remember.Reed Flute CaveReed F1ute Cave known as “the Palace of Natural Arts” is located in the northwest of Guilin in southern China.The limestone cave offers a grand fairyland of stalactites(钟乳石), stone pillars, stone curtains, birds, plants and animals in fantastic shapes and colors.Fingals CaveThis incredible sea cave is located on the uninhabited island of Staffa in Scotland. The caves size, shape, and naturallyarched(拱形的) roof combine with the waves to create strange sounds that enhance its cathedrallike atmosphere.The Blue GrottoThe Blue Grotto is the symbol of Capri. It is a sea cave found on the coast of the island and is a well-known spot to all who visit the area. This cave is unique for its brilliant blue light which comes from two sources: the entrance to the cave and a bigger hole beneath the entrance. When viewed from inside the cave, the entrance appears as a brilliant white light just above the waterline, while the underwater hole, which is the larger source of light, provides a blue light.1. Why is sunset the best time to visit Marble Caves?A. Because it has enough light in it.B. Because it has the most beautiful scenery.C. Because it is surrounded by clear waters.D. Because boats are only available at sunset.2. Which cave will you go to if you want to enjoy the strange sound?A. Reed F1ute Cave.B. Marble Caves.C. The Blue Grotto.D. Fingals Cave.3. What is special about the Blue Grotto?A. C1ear waters.B. Various birds and animals.C. Bright blue light.D. Strange shapes.【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C【解析】这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了世界上最美丽的几个洞穴。【1题详解】细节理解题。由Marble Caves中的“The best time to visit: during sunrise and sunset, when the suns rays light up the cave walls, making it an experience to remember.”可知，游览的最佳时间：日出和日落时，太阳的光线照亮洞穴的墙壁，使之成为一种值得记忆的体验。所以为什么日落是参观Marble Caves的最佳时间是因为那个时候，洞里面有足够的光。故A选项正确。【2题详解】细节理解题。由Fingals Cave中的“The caves size, shape, and naturallyarched(拱形的)roof combine with the waves to create strange sounds that enhance its cathedrallike atmosphere.”可知，这个洞穴的大小、形状和自然的拱形屋顶与波浪相结合，创造出奇怪的声音，增加了如同大教堂般氛围的吸引力。所以如果你喜欢奇怪的声音，你可以去Fingals Cave。故D选项正确。【3题详解】细节理解题。由The Blue Grotto中的“This cave is unique for its brilliant blue light which comes from two sources: the entrance to the cave and a bigger hole beneath the entrance.”可知，这个洞穴是独一无二的，因为它明亮的蓝光来自两个源头：洞穴的入口和入口下面的一个更大的洞。所以Blue Grotto的特别之处在于它的明亮的蓝色光。故C选项正确。BOxford and Cambridge have now decided to remove the words CANT and IMPOSSIBLE from their dictionary. Jessica Cox, 25, a girl born without arms, stands inside an aircraft. The girl from Tucson, Arizona got the Sport Pilot certificate lately and became the first pilot licensed to fly using only her feet. Jessica Cox of Tucson was born without arms, but that has only stopped her from doing one thing: using the word cant.Her latest flight into the seemingly impossible is becoming the first pilot licensed to fly using only her feet.With one foot manning the controls and the other delicately guiding the steering column, Cox, 25, soared to achieve a Sport Pilot certificate. Her certificate qualifies her to fly a light-sport aircraft to altitudes of 10,000 feet.Shes a good pilot. Shes rock solid, said Parrish Traweek, 42, the flying instructor at San Manuels Ray Blair Airport. Parrish Traweek runs PC Aircraft Maintenance and Flight Services and has trained many pilots, some of whom didnt come close to Coxs abilities.When she came up here driving a car, Traweek recalled, I knew shed have no problem flying a plane.Doctors never learned why she was born without arms, but she figured out early on that she didnt want to use prosthetic devices. So, the next time you are ready to tell yourself, I cant possibly. remember this amazing young woman and change your vocabulary.4. The word CANT will be removed from the two dictionaries because of _.A. the first woman pilotB. a very special flight serviceC. a great flight with a light-spot aircraftD. the flight in a seemingly impossible way5. According to Parrish Traweek, Jessica Cox_.A. flies the plane by standing in itB. is good at driving a car with her legsC. has been her workmate for two yearsD. is one of the best pilots trained by her6. What can be known from the text?A. Jessica Cox has been armless for 25 years.B. Jessica Cox was normal when she was young.C. There are no suitable prosthetic devices for Jessica Cox.D. The doctors have discovered how Jessica Cox lost her arms.7. The best title for the text may be _.A. Flying with no handsB. Jessica Cox, a disabled pilotC. Living with a positive attitudeD. Two words will disappear from dictionaries【答案】4. D 5. D 6. A 7. A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述出生时就失去双臂的Cox获得了驾驶飞机的驾照，成为了第一个获准用脚飞行的飞行员，从而向人们证明残疾人和普通人一样，有能力实现自己的目标。【4题详解】细节理解题。由第一段“Jessica Cox of Tucson was born without arms, but that has only stopped her from doing one thing: using the word cant ”以及第二段“Her latest flight into the seemingly impossible is becoming the first pilot licensed to fly using only her feet.”可知，Jessica Cox出生时没有双臂，但这只阻止了她做一件事：用“cant”这个词。她最新的一次飞行似乎是不可能的，她成为了第一个获准用脚飞行的飞行员。所以这个词“cant”将会从两个字典中被删除主要是由于，她成为了第一个获准用脚飞行的飞行员，她以一种看似不可能的方式告诉全世界的人，一切都没有“cant ,impossible”。故D选项正确。【5题详解】细节理解题。由第四段“Shes a good pilot. Shes rock solid,some of whom didnt come close to Coxs abilities.”可知，她是个好飞行员。她意志坚强，“其中有些人还没有达到Cox的能力。所以据Parrish Traweek说，Jessica Cox是她培养的最好的飞行员之一。故D选项正确。【6题详解】推理判断题。由第一段“Jessica Cox, 25, a girl born without arms,”可知，Jessica Cox，25岁，一个出生时没有双臂的女孩。所以判断出Jessica Cox已经失去手臂25年了。故A选项正确。【7题详解】标题归纳题。通读全文可知，短文叙述了出生时就失去双臂的Cox获得了驾驶飞机的驾照，成为了第一个获准用脚飞行的飞行员，从而向人们证明残疾人和普通人一样，有能力实现自己的目标。所以短文都是围绕着标题“没有手的飞行”而展开的。故A选项“没有手的飞行”是短文最佳的标题。故A选项正确。C“An apple a day keeps the doctor away” is one of the most common sayings in the English languages. This is because apples were one of the first foods that medical professionals recognized as healthytheir benefits became obvious when quite simply, doctors found that people who ate apples were sick less often than those who did not. Today we have a more specific understanding of why apples are so beneficial to overall health.Apples can help keep your levels of bad cholesterol (胆固醇) down. The pectin (果胶) in apples helps you to maintain cardiovascular health and reduce LDL cholesterol(which is the “bad” kind). Apples themselves do not add cholesterol to your diet and are full of water and fiber to help prevent the cholesterol in other foods you might digest. According to Health Diaries, people who eat two apples per day may lower their cholesterol by as much as 16 percent.Apples are naturally low in calories and high in water content. Eating an apple can satisfy your hunger and keep you from reaching for high-sugar, high-calories snacks. By eating apples, you will be more able to maintain a healthy weight because they fill you up, potentially stopping you from eating food that encourages a waistline increase.Apples contain respectable levels of boron (硼) which helps build healthy bones, and can also prevent diseases like arthritis. Apples are rich in vitamin C, which is known to help build immunity.Studies have shown that apples can decrease the risk of breast cancer, colon cancer, and liver cancer. One theory is that the apple skins are responsible for this, so be sure not to peel your apple before you eat them, as you could remove some of the health benefits.8. By eating apples we can get many benefits EXCEPT_.A. lowering the cholesterolB. keeping a healthy weightC. building immunityD. preventing heart disease9. Which of the following can most probably replace the underlined word “respectable”?A. Admirable.B. Considerable.C. Reliable.D. Valuable.10. Which plays an important role in reducing the risk of breast cancer?A. The pectin.B. The apple skins.C. The flesh of apples.D. The fiber of apples.11. Whats the authors attitude towards the effect of eating apples?A. Positive.B. Negative.C. Doubtful.D. Uncertain.【答案】8. D 9. B 10. B 11. A【解析】这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了吃苹果的好处：降低胆固醇、保持健康的体重，以及增强免疫力等。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的Apples can help keep your levels of bad cholesterol (胆固醇) down.第三段的you will be more able to maintain a healthy weight because they fill you up,以及第四段的Apples are rich in vitamin C, which is known to help build immunity.可知，通过吃苹果，我们能够降低胆固醇、保持健康的体重，以及增强免疫力，而文章并未提及吃苹果可以预防心脏病，故选择D项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段第一句Apples contain respectable levels of boron (硼), which helps build healthy bones, and can also prevent diseases like arthritis.可知，苹果含有可观水平的硼，这有助于建立健康的骨骼，还可以预防疾病，如关节炎。故B项considerable意为“相当大的”和respectable语义相近，意为“相当数量的”，符合文意，故选择B项。A. Admirable.令人钦佩的；C. Reliable.可靠的；D. Valuable.有价值的，和题意不符。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段的apples can decrease the risk of breast cancer, colon cancer, and liver cancer. One theory is that the apple skins are responsible for this,可知苹果皮可以降低患乳腺癌、结肠癌和肝癌的风险。故B项正确。【11题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，作者介绍了吃苹果的益处，所以都是积极正向的，故选择A。B. Negative.消极的；C. Doubtful. 疑惑的；D. Uncertain.和作者态度不符。DIf you want to convince the boss you deserve a pay rise or promotion, the solution could be simple - eat the same food as they do. Psychologists have discovered managers are much more likely to instantly trust us if we choose the same dishes as them.During experiments, discussions over wages and work conditions were much more successful if both sides chose to snack on the same treats. And shoppers were much more likely to buy a product advertised on TV by someone eating a similar food to them at the time.The reason is thought to be the socalled similarity attraction theory - where people tend to like others who have similar tastes or habits to themselves. But this is believed to be one of the first studies highlighting the role of food in this relationship. Researchers at Chicago University in the US conducted a series of experiments to examine foods role in earning trust.In a test, participants were told to watch TV - where someone pretending to be a member of the public praised a certain product. The volunteers were given Kit Kat bars to nibble, while the TV people ate either a Kit Kat or grapes as they talked.The results showed viewers were much more likely to express an interest in buying the product if the TV showed the other person eating a Kit Kat too. The researchers added, “Although similarity in food consumption is not a sign of whether two people will get along, we find consumers treat this as such. They feel more trusting of those who consume as they do. It means people can immediately begin to feel friendship and develop a bond, leading to smoother transactions from the start.”Harley Street psychologist Dr. Lucy Atcheson said it was already known that wearing similar clothes could instantly create trust. But this was the first report that food had the same effect. She said, “This is really interesting. It makes sense as people feel they have common ground and can trust the other person. That means negotiations are more likely to be successful.”12. According to the passage, customers are likely to buy a product from a dealer who _.A. advertises his products on TVB. has the same taste as themC. reduces the price of his productsD. pays attention to the quality of his products13. The experiments conducted by researchers at Chicago University show that _.A. food plays an important role in earning peoples trustB. bosses like employees that have the same taste as themC. people who have similar tastes to their bosss earn moreD. people have less interest in buying products advertised on TV14. What can be inferred from the passage?A. People who eat similar food are more likely to trust each other.B. People will get along with each other if they like to eat similar things.C. The effect of wearing similar clothes hasnt been proved by researchers.D. People are more likely to make friends with those wearing the same clothes as them.15. Which of the following sayings can be an example of the similarity attraction theory?A. Honesty is the best policy.B. All good things come to an end.C. Birds of a feather flock together.D. Where there is a will, there is a way.【答案】12. B 13. A 14. A 15. C【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲的内容是具研究表明，吃相似食物的人更容易互相信任。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的And shoppers were much more likely to buy a product advertised on TV by someone eating a similar food to them at the time.可知顾客很可能从和他们有相同品味的经销商那里购买产品，故选择B。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的Researchers at Chicago University in the US conducted a series of experiments to examine foods role in earning trust.可知，芝加哥大学的研究人员进行的实验表明，食物在赢得人们的信任方面扮演着重要的角色，故A选项符合文意。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的Psychologists have discovered managers are much more likely to instantly trust us if we choose the same dishes as them.和第三段的Researchers at Chicago University in the US conducted a series of experiments to examine foods role in earning trust.可知，吃相似食物的人更容易互相信任。故选择A选项。【15题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲的内容是研究表明，吃相似食物的人更容易互相信任，可知可以作为相似性吸引理论的例子是C选项（物以类聚，物人以群分）。A.诚实乃上策；B.天下无不散之筵席；D.世上无难事，只要肯攀登。三个选项不符合题意，故C项正确。第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Choosing the right college for you is not so easy. You should have a general idea of what you want and dont want. The idea can guide you to what fits your needs best. _16_.Think about what major you want to study in college. If you know that, just look atcolleges that have your major. _17_. So think carefully about your majors and interests before choosing one.Where the college is located matters. Anyone who tells you the location isnt important is lying. _18_, stay away from schools in cold areas. If you look forward to working in the publishing industry, New York may be your best bet. If your parents want you to stay close to home, please dont consider anywhere that requires a plane ticket to get to.Think about how much you can afford. Are your parents paying for your education? If sohow much are they willing to spend? Do you have to contribute anything? Financial aid and scholarships exist, but dont count on anything. Are you willing to get into debt at school?_19_, these are all things to consider for you.Make sure youre going to spend time with the right people. The cool thing about colleges that each different one attracts different kinds of people. For the first thing in your life, you get to choose where you get to spend your time and who you get to spend it with. _20_ .And make sure that the people youre with for four years are your kind of people.A. If you dont like cold weatherB. Before you fall in love with a collegeC. College is about learning what you loveD. Youd better choose a major that is popularE. Go to the college with some people you likeF. Remember, above all, its people that make placesG. These guidelines will help you figure out what college you want to go【答案】16. G 17. C 18. A 19. B 20. F【解析】文章列举了几项选大学必须考虑的因素，比如专业、学校位置、经济能力和交友等。【16题详解】本段讲选大学要知道自己想干什么和不想干什么，这些想法会指引你找到自己最需要的。G项：这些指引会帮助你判断你想去什么大学，与上句并列，故选G。【17题详解】上文提示“如果你知道这一点，那就看看你的专业所在的大学吧。”承接上文，C项 College is about learning what you love（大学就是关于学习你喜欢的东西。）切题。故选C。【18题详解】根据_3_, stay away from schools in cold areas.的句子结构，推测应在A/B中选择，构成一个复合句。结合下半句“远离寒冷地区的学校。”可知，A项 If you dont like cold weather（如果你不喜欢寒冷的天气）切题。故选A。【19题详解】根据_4_, these are all things to consider for you. 的句子结构，推测应在A/B中选择，构成一个复合句。A项已被选出只有B项复合结构。再根据后半句“这些都是你需要考虑的事情。”可知，B项Before you fall in love with a college（在你爱上一所大学之前）切题。故选B。【20题详解】上文提示“生命中第一件事，你要选择在哪里度过你的时间，和谁一起度过。”承接上文，F项Remember, above all, its people that make places（记住，最重要的是，是人创造了空间）切题。故选F。第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Ive been taking a bus to school for years. I found that most passengers keep to themselves and no one ever has a _21_ with anyone else.About a year ago, an elderly man entered and said _22_ to the driver, “Good morning!” Most people looked up, confused and _23_, and the bus driver took it for granted and _24_responded with a grunt (哼声). The next day the man _25_ and again he said in a loud voice, “Good morning!” to the driver. Another grunt. By the fifth day, the driver finally agreed to accept the elderly man and _26_ him with a little cheerful “Good morning!” Then the man _27_, “My name is Benny.” The driver told the man he was Ralph.That was the first _28_ any of us heard the drivers name and soon people began to talk to each other and say _29_ to Ralph and Benny. Soon Benny _30_ his cheerful “Good morning!” to the whole bus. Within a few days, his “Good morning!” was _31_ by a whole bunch of “Good mornings” and the entire bus seemed to be more _32_. People got to know each other.“If a _33_ is someone who makes something happen, Benny was the one who took a lead in showing friendship _34_ us,” I thought.A month ago, something _35_ happened and Benny didnt _36_ in the bus. Ev