经典报刊英语综合教程Unit-8答案.doc

Unit 8Text AIII1B 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. C 6. B 7. D 8. A 9. B 10. AIV.71. a well-attended lecture2. a self-described speedaholic 3. a Ph.D-holder4. time-starved executives5. a well-received decision6. a talent market for degree-holders7. companion-starved kids8. a legitimate passport holder9. a well-read book10. a body where women are well-represented11. a sub-prime mortgage12. a love-starved teenager13. a well-maintained secondhand car14. an ever-mounting series of lawsuits 15. to be a bit of a blogaholic16. a well-discussed issue17. an attention-starved nonsalable actor18. a self-confessed cleanaholic19. the foreign spouse of a green-card holder20. an ever-growing emerging marketV. 1. 美妙的时机2. 白金卡持卡人3. 在几个小时的时间内4. 靠残疾人补助金生活5. 没想6. 平稳的物价7. 很容易得到的贷款8. 让这么多美国人买得到9. 大批高端产品10. 汇入不分阶级的人流11. 地位的象征12. 社会地位13. 成为低档货14. 更胜一筹15. 生产大量的越来越贵的商品,定位于财富不断增加的有钱人16. 高端消费的标志17. 独特经历18. 脱离大众19. 奇特的休假20. 整形外科医生21. 整容手术22. 理财速成班23. 商品与服务24. 炫耀性消费25. 有闲阶级26. 价值标准27. 为制定标杆28. 在方面写过很多东西29. 消费文化30. 与邻居日益隔绝31. 接二连三的32. 横向愿望33. 纵向愿望34. 眼睁睁看着他们与富人间的收入不断扩大35. 普通人和他们的愿望之间的距离36. 向上层人士看齐37. 为自己在社会上赢得一席之地38. 高消费阶层居住的郊区39. 电子消费品40. 价格高得让人望而却步 41. 家庭平均收入42. 打入市场43. 这种汽车更便宜的型号44. 升级到更有名更豪华的型号45. 入门级豪车46. 行业中增长最快的部分47. 使产品更容易让中产阶级人士买得到48. 上流社会, 贵族阶级49. 迎合中等收入人群50. 奢侈品51. 利用上流社会人士遗留的魅力52. 陈迹，昨日黄花53. 让客人享受温泉浴，采购时尚衣饰，在讲究的饭店就餐54. 维持低价55. 满足更多的客户56. 承受得起的价格57. 游说组织58. 具有积极影响59. 驱动经济发展60. 改善经济生活61. 问题的另一面62. 在这个不断变化的消费主义盛行的世界63. 市场动态 64. 打造奢侈品传播者的声誉65. 失去在那个领域的立足之处66. 滑入大众市场67. 在顶部取而代之68. 不放弃真正的奢侈品市场69. 推出最昂贵的一类产品70. 只能在节日在指定的商店买得到71. 有形的地位标志72. 象征地位的商品73. 挣钱能力74. 在这个等级结构中位列第二档75. 最高等级76. 一次性购买的豪车77. 最热门的身份标志78. 这是市场的运作方式。79. 诱惑物 80. 激起渴望VI1.1)这是一个有着130，000美元一辆的悍马车和12，000美元母婴钻石网球型手镯组套的美国，是一个有着600美元一件牛仔裤，800美元剪一次头，新光面杂志上推销400美元一瓶葡萄酒的美国。2)这是一个希望越来越大、人们真正团结地生活在一起的美国。2.1)我们相当自信乐观地认为我们将会占有公平的市场份额，这会使我们避免亏损，并为我们的投资者提供良好的利润回报。2)该国政府并没有忽略普通老百姓，民众继续公平地享受国家经济发展应得的份额。3)中国、印度尼西亚、菲律宾和其它第二世界的国家想要加入全球经济，公平分享世界经济中的利润。3.1)（用户）人数暴增，因为价格相应暴跌,大约仅为10年前价格的1/8。2)商业地价下跌，仅为日本泡沫经济达到顶点之后的1991年的大约三分之一，但随着日本从经济衰退中的恢复，下跌速度可能放缓。4.1)入门级的豪车是这个行业中增长最快的部分。、2)尽管目前电子书仅占出版业的一小部分，但这种书为该行业增长最快的一个部分。5.1)便携式电脑, DVD播放机等一开始是高端产品,后来主要因为发展中国家劳动力成本低廉,这类产品生产得越来越多,结果价格下来了,产量上去了,高端产品进入了大众市场.2)他们两个人一开始是一种职业关系，后来慢慢地建立了友谊，变成了私人关系。6.1)他们的孩子就读公立学校，尽管种族主义和其他歧视行为确实存在，但他们中大部分人在加拿大社会为自己打下了一片天地。2)她成长的城市正在很快地变成艺术家和设计师的下一个时尚胜地，而她在俄勒冈州波特兰市已经匠心独运地为自己开辟了一片天地。7.1)豪华车制造商打入这个市场的一种方法是推出他们的豪华车的便宜一些的型号，试图引诱不太有钱的年轻一些的客户，希望他们随着收入的增加会将车子升级到更豪华的车型。2)该警探感到自己的观点与社会存在隔阂. 他认为市民、社会工作者、医生、议员、法官们都头脑简单。法官不是重罚以消除犯罪，而是量刑从轻以期促使罪犯改过自新。因此，他感到自己与社会的隔阂更深一层。8.1)罗伯特格罗斯正在与儿子戴维一起逛碧奇伍德购物中心。他说他不能不每年航游一次。2)我想让他说没有我他活不下去，我想找到一个没有他我就活不下去的人。9.1)这种体验关键并不是仅仅吃顿好点的饭菜，哪怕是精致的美味佳肴，而关键在于在一种有禅宗意味的环境中经历不同的际遇，大厨师来决定吃什么菜，以及进餐的节奏。归根结底在于排他性。2)作合格的父母并非是要让孩子在生活中有多好的归宿，关键是孩子需要你的时候你就在他的身边。VII1.大致可以这么说，在这个梯度上的所有阶级都要遵守这些标准。2.旧体系是邻里间的相互攀比，而新体系中是人们向富人看齐。3.与现代化相伴而生的是五花八门的身份认同，人们能够选择做想做的人，选择装饰自己的方式，选择想要的生活方式。你的消费与此紧密相关。4.几乎没什么消费品能像手机这样体现奢侈品的大众化趋势。迈克尔道格拉斯曾将其定格在1987年的电影华尔街中。在这部影片中，现身于各种场合的道格拉斯对着一部手机大吼，手机大小相当于沙发上的小枕头，当时是一件终极玩具，体现出唯我独尊的气派。5.在过去20年来，信贷业对于向什么人放贷越来越宽松，评估信贷风险时越来越圆滑，放贷额度越来越大方，只要客户愿意付高额的费用，甘愿冒负债生活的风险就没问题。6.问题是，现在源源不断的贷款是贷给经济基础不牢靠的家庭，很多情况下是不计后果，从不想一想这意味着什么。7.他们一度将广告主要定位于核心的顾客群，比如年收入35，000至50，000美元的男士，现在他们在工作上越来越细化，力图不仅按收入层次，而且按照兴趣和品味确定顾客。8.在美国其他人似乎还在与富人攀比时，顶级富豪已经移情别爱了。9.有些人已经脱离了人们的视线，在与其它美国人越来越脱离的小区购买了更大更奢华的住所。但是当今衡量上层阶级的真正指标是他们尽情享受的个人服务。10.地位较低的追求者刚认为他已经得到了他要的东西，这个猎物实际上已经转移了，他为时已晚。Text B1. no two ways about it2. to give a kick to the economy 3. to take in the sights 4. to be doomed from the start 5. to comb Beijing for somewhere affordable6. to splurge on a room 7. in the normal run of things (in the normal course of events) 8. to blow ones tight budget 9. It could have been worse. 10. Sunset Ceremony11. to usher us forward for a better view12. to be swallowed up in the crowd 13. to speak not a word of Chinese 14. to find her back at the hotel15. the Forbidden City 16. to gawp at 17. flowing locks18. oriental style19. to be flattered to oblige 20. families and friends 21. despite the fun of this diversion22. to be worth a diary note 23. on the morrow 24. the proverbial hell 25. let loose 26. to scramble aboard 27. to create a passage for his friends to rush on and grab seats28. to look worriedly at 29. to eclipse the citys overwhelming charm30. an old-style street bazaar31. feast on 32. to fan-dance to traditional music 33. the negatives associated with 34. lashings of greenery 35. massive weeping willows lining street after street36. to be not sure what to expect37. to rival any long-established top western city38. beautifully maintained architecture and sites39. out of place 40. the May Day rush II.1.1)我决定自谋职业，我的想法是我想去度假时，赚够了钱就可以去度假。2)大部分银行处理各种费用的方式是这样的：同时收到若干支票时，银行先支付大额支票，他们的理由是大额支票通常用于重要事项的开支，如房租、水电费、汽车贷款等。2.1)去酒吧好倒是好，但是谈到刺激的夜生活时，夜总会才是我们的目的地。2)爱情是美好的，但爱情决不能取代儿时的记忆、母语、朋友、父母、故乡的天空等等。在我看来，人们对爱情的看法言过其实，远远不是人们所说的那么强大。3.1)美国人因为美国在伊拉克的战争而产生了很多不满情绪。当局势不好时这种情况总会发生。2)我一进书店总会出现这种情况：我发现有很多很多想读的书，但我根本带不回去这么多。4.1)我已经有了思想准备，觉得这个教授会让我难忘，但是他让我失望了。2)我已经有了心理准备，酒店美食、活跃的气氛和出色的服务会给我留下良好的印象，但不幸的是，我的感觉并不好。5.1)在北京度过的最后一天的黎明时分，我们赶到了前门汽车站，乘车去八达岭。2)他侄子给我们指明了进山的路，第二天上午，我们就爬了几千英尺高，置身于白雪覆盖的山峰之中。 Topic ResearchI.1. Slow MovementThe Slow Movement advocates a cultural shift toward slowing down lifes pace. It is not about doing everything at a slow, deliberate pace, but at a doing things at the right pace. According to followers of the Slow Movement, life is lived too quickly and culture is expected to move too fast. The shift began in 1986, and has incorporated many related movements.2. Leisure classConsuming, parasitic class, represented by an idle elite engaged in continuous public demonstration of their status. Idea particularly associated with the American sociological economist, Thorstein Veblen, who published The Theory of the Leisure Class in 1899. Veblen saw the fundamental human motive as the maximization of status rather than orientation towards any monetary variable. In establishing status, expenditure was more important than income, enhanced status being often achieved by conspicuous consumption. Thus a leisure class comes into being which dominates and trivializes leisure within a culture, though this pattern of consumption may be a necessary feature of the working of the economic system. Veblens theories belong in the category of critical analysis of consumer society, a form of discourse embracing such writers as Lewis Mumford, J. K. Galbraith, and J. B. Priestley.3. Leisure sicknessLeisure Sickness, similar to Paradise Syndrome, is the name given to a purported psychological condition, not universally recognized by psychologists, by which some people (typically characterized as workaholics) are more likely to report feeling ill during weekends and vacations than when working. The syndrome is similar to Paradise Syndrome, in which the patient suffers a feeling of dissatisfaction despite having achieved all their dreams. 4. Armchair travelerAn “armchair traveler” is a person who has not actually gone anywhere but through thoughts, books, wishfull thinking , dreams, etc. has felt that he has been there. e.g. to read a book about Africa and then talk as if he had really been on a safari.5. Virtual tourA virtual tour is a simulation of an existing location, usually composed of a sequence of video images. They also may use other multimedia elements such as sound effects, music, narration, and text. The phrase virtual tour is often used to describe a variety of video and photographic-based media. Panorama indicates an unbroken view, since a panorama can be either a series of photographs or panning video footage. However, the phrases panoramic tour and virtual tour have mostly been associated with virtual tours created using still cameras. Such virtual tours are made up of a number of shots taken from a single vantage point. The camera and lens are rotated around what is referred to as a nodal point (the exact point at the back of the lens where the light converges).6. Package holidayA completely planned holiday arranged by a company at a fixed price, which includes travel, hotels, meals, etc. The popular image of a package holiday is of a cheap holiday to a place by the sea in southern Europe (especially Spain). Many jokes are made about package holidays, especially about delayed flights, poor-quality hotels which serve poor food, and hotels which are a long way from the sea and are not furnished.7. Screen timeScreen time refers to the amount of time we spend looking at all kinds of screens: TV, DVDs, movies, computers, electronic games, etc.8. Backpacking: Backpacking is a term that has historically been used to denote a form of low-cost, independent international travel. Terms such as independent travel and/or budget travel are often used interchangeably with backpacking. The factors that traditionally differentiate backpacking from other forms of tourism include but are not limited to the following: use of public transport as a means of travel, preference of youth hostels to traditional hotels, length of the trip vs. conventional vacations, use of a backpack, an interest in meeting the locals as well as seeing the sights.9. Youth HostelA Youth Hostel is good quality budget accommodation that offers a comfortable nights sleep in friendly surroundings at an affordable price. Youth Hostels provide the perfect way to get to know a country at low cost and meet with many other people who share your attitude towards travelling.10.AgritainmentAgritainment is farm-based tourism, includes family style activities, such as corn mazes, haunted hay rides, pick-your-own pumpkins, etc. This growing phenomenon gives city slickers a taste of rural life while helping farmers diversify their revenue stream.11.Workaholic A workaholic is a person who is addicted to work. The term generally implies that the person enjoys their work; it can also imply that they simply feel compelled to do it. There is no generally accepted medical definition of such a condition, although some forms of stress, obsessive-compulsive personality disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder can be work-related.Workaholism is not the same as working hard. Despite logging in an extraordinary amount of hours and sacrificing their health and loved ones for their jobs, workaholics are frequently ineffective employees. 12.ShopaholicShopaholic is a term used to describe individual who consider themselves as addicted to shopping.13.Bank holidayA bank holiday is a public holiday in both the United Kingdom and Ireland. There is no automatic right to time off on these days, although the majority of the population not employed in essential services (e.g. utilities, fire, ambulance, police, health-care, public transport workers) receive them as holidays; those employed in essential services usually receive extra pay for working on these days. The first official bank holidays were the four days named in the Bank Holidays Act 1871, but today the term is colloquially used for public holidays which are not officially bank holidays, for example Good Friday and Christmas Day.14.Cinemagoer, clubgoer, beachgoerA goer, often used in combination, i