2019版高考英语一轮基础习选题Unit1Friendship含解析新人教版.docx

Unit 1 Friendship李仕才一、阅读理解。Golden Gate BridgeLocated in San Francisco，the Golden Gate Bridge started in the year 1933 to connect the San Francisco Peninsula with Marin County.It was finally thrown open to public in 1937.It cost more than$35 million in the construction.Till the year 1957，the Golden Gate Bridge，at a length of 2,737 meters, was the longest suspension bridge in the world.Brooklyn BridgeThe Brooklyn Bridge is located in Brooklyn.It is one of the oldest bridges in the United States，opened in the year 1883.The length of the bridge is 1,825 meters.The bridge has been featured in several Hollywood movies.George Washington BridgeAlso known as the Hudson River Bridge，the George Washington Bridge which connects Fort Lee to Manhattan came into use in 1931 after a construction period of almost 4 years.It is a twolevel suspension bridge.Mackinac BridgeThis is the third biggest suspension bridge in the world at a length of 8,038 meters.The architect of this bridge was Dr.David BSteinman who directed the construction of the bridge which started in the year 1954 and opened to the public in 1957.People using this bridge are charged a certain amount of money.Navajo BridgeLocated in Arizona，this bridge crosses the Colorado River and is almost 250 meters long.The construction of this bridge started in the year 1927，ending two years later，costing $390,000.In the 1990s a second bridge was built which was opened to the public in 1995.The first bridge is still used by pedestrians now.1What do we know about the Golden Gate Bridge?AIt consists of two bridges.BIt costs the least of the five bridges.CIt is the longest suspension bridge in the world.DIt takes about 4 years to complete the construction.2Which of the following bridges was built the earliest?AGolden Gate Bridge.BBrooklyn Bridge.CGeorge Washington Bridge.DNavajo Bridge.3What will you do if you drive across Mackinac Bridge?AHave to pay some money.BUse the second bridge.CCover nearly 250 meters.DSee the statue of Dr.David BSteinman.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了美国五座著名的大桥。1D考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“the Golden Gate Bridge started in the year 1933 to connect the San Francisco Peninsula with Marin County.It was finally thrown open to public in 1937”可推知，金门大桥的建筑时间约有四年，故D项正确。2B考查细节理解。由题干关键词“was built the earliest”定位到每座大桥的建筑时间；根据文中各座大桥的建筑时间可知，布鲁克林大桥是最古老的大桥，故B项正确。3A考查细节理解。根据第四段尾句“People using this bridge are charged a certain amount of money”可知，使用麦基诺大桥的人会被收取一定量的钱，故A项正确。二、单句语法填空1It was when I got back to my apartment _I first came across my new neighbors.答案：that本句是强调句。被强调部分是时间状语，故应填that。2Lily cant fall asleep, extremely _ (concern) about the result of her maths test.答案：concerned短语be concerned about . “担忧，挂念”，本句中逗号后没有连词，故逗号后的部分为状语，此处应用形容词短语作伴随状语。3Its no pleasure _ (go) camping on such a foggy day.答案：goingIts no pleasure doing sth. “做某事没有乐趣”。4The little boy is clever enough to have no trouble _ (find) his house without others help.答案：findinghave no trouble doing sth. “做某事没困难”。5There was no _ (agree), and the proposal was accepted.答案：disagreement由形容词no可知，本空应填名词，再由后一分句“建议被接受了”可知，应填名词disagreement。6He happened _ (know) the secret, so I neednt tell him.答案：to have knownhappen to do sth. “碰巧做某事”，再由后一并列分句“没有必要告诉他”可知，前一分句谓语部分应用不定式的完成式。7He set his alarm clock before going to bed in order _ (get) up earlier than usual the next morning.答案：to getin order to do sth. “为了做某事”。8Several weeks had gone by _ they knew the painting was missing.答案：beforebefore引导的时间状语从句，表示“在以前”，从句常用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。9While _ (wait) for the bus by the roadside, I found a wallet on the ground.答案：waiting时间状语从句的主语和主句主语一致，且从句谓语部分含有be动词，故从句中省略主语和be动词，填waiting。while waiting可看作是while I was waiting的省略。10The windows havent been cleaned for at least a year and are _ (dust) now.答案：dustydusty “脏的，布满尘土的”，是形容词，在此处作表语。三、完形填空。A homeless man walked up to me and asked me for some small change, “ Ill give you a quarter if you tell me your story,” I said. He laughed, “Youll give me a quarter for my story? I laid the 1 in front of him and 2 myself “No, heres the quarter but it would be nice to hear your story.” Seeing him lost in 3 , I sat down next to him and waited. “ I was once a sniper(狙击手)in the army.” he said. “ I was 4 to shoot down the enemy from the distance.” I listened attentively as he 5 his story. He told me how he 6 to hunt with his family and was really good at it. He had his own 7 to respecting animals by not killing more than be needed. When the army came knocking on his door, he felt 8 and joined up. All those years of developing his hunting skills could now serve a larger 9 to defend us from the bad guys. He set out to 10 at the front. “ I was a sniper but I never really killed anyone.” he continued. “One day they asked me to 11 a lady from the distance. I saw the kids near her and my hands were on the trigger(扳机). But I couldnt 12 it. She wasnt doing anything to anyone and she was 13 the kidsI couldnt see through my tears. It just didnt make any 14 to me. ” The story went on as he described 15 being put into prison for 180 days for 16 to follow orders. “ I have no 17 ,” he said. “ I may be homeless now, 18 I never killed that lady.” He continued, “ I can live with being homeless, but I wouldnt be able to stand killing 19 people.”On that lonely Friday night, I met a hero. It just never 20 to me that a hero could be a smelly old sniper. 语篇解读：本文介绍了一位曾在部队服役的狙击手的故事。狙击手在一次战斗中因为拒绝执行枪杀一位带着孩子的妇女的命令，被判处180天监禁。出狱后却找不到工作，沦为街头乞丐。但是他却一直不后悔自己的行为。他是一位真正的英雄。1.A. note B. coin C. dollar D. wallet 【答案】B 2.A. blamed B. recommended C. corrected D. rescued【答案】C 【解析】A. blamed责备；B. recommend推荐；C. corrected改正，纠正；D. rescued营救，援救。此处指作者意识到自己做错了(指把钱放在那个无家可归的人的前面的地上)，就赶紧改正(从下文所说的话，作者是把钱递给了那个无家可归的人)。3.A. argument B. action C. consideration D. thought【答案】D【解析】A. argument争论；B. action行动；C. consideration考虑；D. thought想法。lost in thought“陷入沉思”。4.A. observed B. supposed C. reminded D. determined【答案】B【解析】A. observed观察； B. supposed假定；C. reminded 提醒，使想起；D. determined决定。be supposed to应该，被期望。此处指“期望我能从远处开枪击倒敌人”。5.A. expanded on B. checked on C. counted on D. fixed on【答案】A【解析】A. expanded on详细阐述，进一步阐述；B. checked on检查，调查；C. counted on指望，依靠，依赖；D. fixed on确定，决定。这儿是说“详细阐述他的故事，即展开他的故事”。6.A. desired B. wished C. failed D. used【答案】D【解析】A. desired渴望；B. wished希望；C. failed失败；D. used使用。此处狙击手讲过去的事，used to过去常常。7. A. methodB. meansC. way D. approach【答案】D8.A. annoyed B. honored C. astonished D. confused【答案】B【解析】A. annoyed烦恼的；B. honored光荣的；C. astonished吃惊的；D. confused困惑的。上文说“部队来征兵时(the army came knocking on his door转义为部队来征兵)”，说明他想参军，感到参军很光荣，所以就入伍了。9.A. group B. business C. purpose D. result【答案】C【解析】A. group组；B. business商业；C. purpose目的；D. result结果。此处指多年的军队练习使他能实现更大的目的，保护人民。10.A. serve B. hunt C. aim D. survive【答案】A 【解析】A. serve服务；B. hunt打猎；C. aim 目的在于； D. survive生存。此处指他去前线服役，为国服务。11.A. murder B. fight C. shoot D. recognize【答案】C 【解析】A. murder谋杀；B. fight打仗；C. shoot射杀；D. recognize认出。此处指：开枪射杀一位女士。12.A. remain B. fire C. make D. decide【答案】C【解析】A. remain保持；B. fire点燃；C. make it做成，成功；D. decide决定。此处指狙击手想到这位女士是无辜的，所以就没下手，没做成。故选C.13.A. besides B. along C. inside D. among【答案】D【解析】A. besides除外；B. along沿着；C. inside在内；D. among在中间。此处指这位女 士在孩子们中间。14. A. useB. reason C. valueD. sense【答案】D【解析】make sense 意为“有意义”、“意思清楚”、“有道理”。此处指“射杀那位女士对我来说没有任何 意义”。15.A. gradually B. eventually C. deliberately D. desperately【答案】B【解析】A. gradually逐渐地；B. eventually 最后；C. deliberately故意地；D. desperately拼命地。此处指 最后他被判处180天监禁。16.A. managing B. failing C. hesitating D. forgetting【答案】B【解析】A. managing管理；B. failing失败(fail to do sth.没有能够做某事)；C. hesitating犹豫；D. forgetting 忘记。此处讲他被判处180天监禁的原因是他没有服从命令。17.A. ideas B. attempts C. regrets D. feelings【答案】C18.A. however B. rather than C. but D. contrary to【答案】C【解析】A. however然而，B. rather than而不是；C. but 但是；D. contrary to和相反。前句为我现在无家可归，后句为我没杀害无辜者。上下文之间为转折关系，故but。however表示让步关系。19. A. considerable B. considerate C. innocent D. ignorant【答案】C【解析】A. considerable相当大(或多)的；B. considerate体贴的，体谅的，深思熟虑的；C. innocent无辜的；D. ignorant无知的。这里是说：我可以忍受无家可归，但我不能忍受杀害无辜者。20.A. happened B. seemed C. attached D. occurred【答案】D【解析】occur to sb.某人突然想到。这里是说：我从没想到一个又老又脏的狙击手竟然是个英雄。四、单句改错1He spoke calm to them trying to pour oil on troubled waters but it was useless._答案：calmcalmly副词calmly “镇静地”修饰动词短语spoke to。2There was a time that the two countries were at war._答案：thatwhenThere was a time when . 是固定结构，意为“曾经/一度/有一段时间”。3Exact speaking, I disagree with you on this matter._答案：ExactExactlyexactly speaking 为固定搭配，意为“确切地说”。4He said that he had fallen in love with Mary for two years and would get married the next year._答案：fallenbeenbe in love with可与时间段连用，fall in love with 表示瞬时动作，不可以与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。5I have never heard of the names you added up to the list._答案：去掉upadd to “添加”，add up to “合计为”。根据句意去掉up。五、七选五How to Be More Creative Every DayCreativity isnt something you either have or dont have. In fact， it is something like playing the saxophone. 1._ So read on to know how.Be more curious.Its important to seek out new viewpoints every day. 2._ To involve this in your daily life， make sure to keep an open mind when youre presented with an idea， and be curious as to what else is around the corner.Give yourself space.Letting every piece of information into your brain drags you from being creative. Try to apply a level of space into your everyday life. 3._ It helps to lead your thinking patterns away from potential distractions（使人分心的事物）， leaving much room to have creative ideas.Try something new.Frequent thinking patterns， in effect， cause you to be more likely to think the same things or make the same decisions over and over unless you get out of your comfort zone. 4._ Though not always easy， it does open up a whole new world of thinking！5._Social media has created an environment where were constantly shown whether weve succeeded in the form of likes or comments， which leads us to doubt ourselves.