APET与CPET间的差别.doc

APET与CPET间的差别（与PET等相关的问与答）1.Q.APET与CPET间的差别是什么？WhatisthedifferencebetweenAPETandCPET?A.CPET（结晶PET）有能力使它本身结晶，从而有好的耐热性，可以在232oC（450oF）下不变形。而AllotheradditivesareappliedasmasterbatchMasterbatchadditionneedsmultipleMBdosingsystemsandMBdryerA-PETproducerneedsaclosecooperationtomasterbatchproducerAPET（无定型PET）在76.6oC（150oF）就开始变形。CPEThastheabilitytohelpitcrystallizewhichgivesititsthermalproperties.Andallowsittobeusedinovensupto450degreesFwithoutdistorting.APETwillbegintodistortat170degreesF.2.Q.烤炉（微波炉）中使用CPET(结晶PET)盘的最佳方式是什么？WhatisthebestwaytouseCPETtraysintheoven?A.1.将盘放在烹调板上而不是导轨上Alwaysplacetraysonacookiesheet,notdirectlyonracks.2.喷含有面粉、水或酒精的润滑剂时远离。Stayawayfromspraylubricantscontainingflour,wateroralcohol.3.油脂要少Greaselightly-justPSST,notPSSSSSSSST!4.盘刚从热炉中出来时可能稍稍变软，取出来过一会儿就回复原来的刚硬。Traysmaybeslightlysoftwhenremovedhotfromtheoven,butwillregaintheirrigiditywhenexposedtotheair.5.对于小松饼（通常加奶油趁热吃），避免温度过低。420-450oF10分钟后，降到370-390oF。Formuffins,avoidtoo-lowtemperatures.Bakeat420-450degreesFforabouttenminutes,thenreduceto370-390degreesFtofinish.6.不要过分搅拌面粉、蛋、牛奶等和成用以调制糕点之糊状物，因为这样做不利于糊糊膨胀至最高。Dontovermixthebatter,asthisdiscouragesthepeakingprocess.3.Q.APET（无定型PET）与其它透明材料相比有什么优点？WhataresomeadvantagesofAPEToverotherclearmaterials?A.无定型PET具有无与伦比的透明性。消费者喜欢看到他们要买的东西是什么样子，因此APET是再好不过了。APET也具有良好抗化学品性能；沙拉（凉伴食品）中的油不会破坏材料。APET不会散发气味也不影响食品的味道。最后APET在低温下比其它塑料使用功能更好。APEThasunmatchedclarity.ConsumersliketoseewhattheyarebuyingandnothingisbetterthanAPETinthisregard.APETalsohasgoodchemicalresistance;oilsfromsaladswillnotbreakdownthematerial.APEThasexcellenttasteandodorproperties.LastlyAPETwillworkbetterthanotherplasticresinsincoldtemperatureapplications.4.Q.为什么聚苯乙烯制品与纸制品相比售价那么低？Howcanpolystyreneproductsbesoldatsuchalowpricecomparedtocomparablepaperandpaperboardproducts?A.Foamproductsconsume2to5timeslessmaterialandenergyrequiredtoproducethanmostcompetingproducts,therebymakingthemmoreeconomicalwhilepracticinggoodconservationmethods.5.Q.除了价格上的优势，聚苯乙烯一次性用品还有哪些好处？Besidesprice,arethereotherbenefitstopolystyrenedisposables?A.Polystyreneissturdy,transportable,andagoodinsulator.Ithelpsmaintaintheoptimaltemperatureofhotandcoldfoodsandbeverages.Italsohelpsprotectconsumershandsfromhotfoodsandbeveragesbetterthanalternatives.6.Q.泡沫制品开始变形的温度是多少？Whattemperaturewillfoamproductsstarttodistort?A.Generally,170degreesFisthemaximumtemperaturefoamproductswillwithstand.Therefore,theseproductscantbeputintoconventionalovensbutcan,incertaincases,beusedtowarmupfoodsinamicrowave.7.Q.抗冲击的盘与碗，其热性能与发泡制品一样吗？Dotheimpactplatesandbowlshavethesameheatpropertiesasthefoamproducts?A.Impactplatesandbowlswillwithstandtemperaturesupto210degreesFbutarestillnotrecommendedforcooking.Warminginthemicrowaveisok.8.Q.您的聚苯乙烯制品是如何生产出来的？Howareyourpolystyreneproductsproduced?A.Allofourproductsarefirstextrudedfromrawmaterialsintorollsofsheet.Theyarethenthermoformedintoashape.Whatthismeansis,thesheetisfirstheatedtomakeitpliable,thenitisformedintotheshapewewant.Allthescrapmaterialproducedduringthethermoformingprocessisrecycledinourplantsandreusedinfutureproducts.9.Q.一次性用品是何时开始出现的？为什么会出现？Whenweredisposablesfirstintroducedandwhy?A.Disposableswereoriginallydevelopednearly100yearsagotoprotectpublichealth,andtheneedforthatprotectionisasgreattodayaseverbefore.Recentstudiesshowthatevenwithwashing,oneinsevenreusabledishesharborsbacteriaatlevelsexceedingfederalstandards.Thesanitarynatureofpolystyrenedecreasesthelikelihoodofpotentialhealthhazardsanddisease;andthatsimportanttoeveryone.10.Q.要是没有用后就丢的食品用具，生活会变成怎么样？Whatwouldlifebelikewithoutfoodservicedisposables?A.Imaginepayingadepositfortrays,plates,utensilsandglasswarewhenyoucarryoutorhavefooddelivered:orhavingtocarry-inyourowncontainersforcarryoutfood.Youjustcantbeatfoodservicedisposablesforsanitation,flexibilityandconvenience.11.用PET容器包装蒸馏酒时，是否有美国政府法律条例，防止蒸馏酒随着储存期的延长而损失？如果有的话，法律的名字叫什么或我在什么地方可以找到该法律全文？我对各种容积的PET容器均感兴趣，尤其50ml的容器。WhenpackagingdistilledspiritsinPETcontainers,arethereanyUSgovernmentalregulationsconcerningdistilledspiritproofchangewithstoragetime?Ifso,whataretheregulationsorwherecanIfindthem?IaminterestedinallsizesofPETcontainers,buthaveparticularinterestinthe50mlsize.您说得对，确实有法律条例直接针对蒸馏酒包装用PET容器；它属于美国“酒精、烟草和火器（ATF）局管理的联邦条例27条目。根据条例规定，ATF局设置了瓶装酒中允许的酒精损失限度。在27C.F.R.5.37中，允许损失的酒精量规定包括以下内容：Yes,therearerulesandregulationsthataredirectlyapplicabletotheuseofPETcontainersforthebottlingandpackagingofdistilledspirits;useofsuchcontainersisregulatedunderTitle27oftheCodeofFederalRegulations,Alcohol,TobaccoProducts,andFirearms,asadministeredbytheBureauofAlcohol,TobaccoandFirearms(ATF).Byregulation,theBureausetslimitsontheallowablelossofalcoholcontentduringbottling.Under27C.F.R.5.37,lossesofalcoholcontentoccurringduringbottlingincludethefollowing:(1)最多损失0.25vol的乙醇：对于固体含量为600mg/100ml的烈酒，和对于装在50或100ml瓶中的酒精制品；Upto0.25percentlossofalcoholbyvolumeforspiritscontainingsolidsover600mgper100ml,andspiritproductsbottledin50or100mlsizebottles;and(2)最多损失0.15vol的乙醇：对于所有其它烈酒。Upto0.15percentalcoholbyvolumeforallotherspirits.PET作为蒸馏酒消费品包装，已经得到ATF局的ATF条规82-12的许可。在这一条规中，管理局承认使用PET酒瓶，可以发生最高2度/年乙醇的损失（相应地有水的损失），并建议避免高储存温度、保证壁厚均匀、保证市场更新率，以便使乙醇的损失降低至最少。该局还加了以下条规：PETasaconsumerpackagingmaterialfordistilledspiritswasapprovedbyATFinATFRuling82-12.Inthisruling,theBureaurecognizesthataproofgainofuptotwodegreesperyear(andacorrespondingwaterloss)mayoccurwhenusingPETliquorbottles,andrecommendsthiseffectbeminimizedbyavoidinghighstoragetemperatures,insuringuniformwallthickness,andinsuringmarketturnover.TheBureauaddsintherulingthat:”消费者得到了产品装瓶时同样数量的乙醇，因为只有水少了。由于产品中含有同样数量的乙醇，只有很小的偏差，如果有（损失）的话，提高防水（渗透）性，产品上的标签给消费者提供了有关乙醇含量的足够信息“。Theconsumerobtainsthesameamountofalcoholcontainedintheproductatthetimeofbottling,sinceonlywaterislost.Sincethesameamountofalcoholiscontainedintheproductwithonlyaveryminor,ifany,increaseinproof,thelabelontheproductprovidesadequateinformationtotheconsumerregardingalcoholcontent.其它使用PET瓶应尽的条件在ATF局条规82-12中，包含如下内容：OtherconditionsimposedontheuseofPETbottlesbyATFRuling82-12includethefollowing:(1)瓶瓶必须呈刚性或半刚性，模塑成一定的形状，或设计成在压力下瓶不损坏的话就不会改变，瓶瓶的壁厚必须尽可能均匀；Thebottlesmustberigidorsemi-rigidwithmoldedshapeordesignwhichcannotbealteredbypressurewithoutdamagetothebottle,andthewallthicknessofthebottlemustbeasuniformaspossible;(2)瓶瓶必须制作成许可的标准罐装量；Thebottlesmustbemanufacturedinanapprovedstandardoffill;and(3)用于制造PET瓶瓶的材料必须符合食品药品管理局有关酒精类饮料的人身健康与安全方面的标准规范。ThematerialusedtoconstructthePETbottlesmustmeettheFoodandDrugAdministrationshealthandsafetyspecificationsforthepackagingofalcoholicbeveragesforconsumptionaspromulgatedintheCodeofFederalRegulations.以上提到的例规可用在ATF局的网站上找到，Theabove-mentionedrulingcanbefoundontheATFwebsiteat:网址为：/alcohol/info/revrulex.htm.12.我们的酒类食品包装（软木塞）已经获得了欧洲认可，可以用于非直接接触。要进入美国市场，是不是有这个认证就够了？Ourfoodpackagingforwinesandspirits(cork)hasaEuropeanapprovalforindirectfoodcontact.IsthatenoughfortheAmericanmarket?09-Mar-04-FoodpackagingsoldintheU.S.isrequiredtocomplywiththerequirementsoftheFederalFood,Drug,andCosmeticAct(theAct)andapplicablefoodadditiveregulations.TheActandtheregulationsapplytomaterialsforpackagingwineandspiritsaswellasotherbeverages.AproductscompliancewithanappropriateEuropeandirectiveorlawdoesnotmeanthattheproductalsocomplieswithU.S.law.Generallyspeaking,suchassessmentsmustbecompletedindependently.Thus,ifyouareusingasyntheticcorkasastopperforwinebottles,youshouldensurethatitcomplieswiththelawsofwhatevercountryinwhichtheproductisbeingsold,whetherthatbeFrance,Germany,theUnitedStates,orsomeothercountry.A-PET-CastFilmRawMaterialandFilm-TypesDr.UlrichK.ThieleforPushCompanyDecember2005Content:ResinQualityGeneralTypesA-PETfilmMainApplicationsAdditives1.ResinQualityMainlybottlegradePETinawideIVrangeIV0,65dl/g0,85dl/gForspecialmono-andmultilayerfilmPETGForspecialfilmPEN,PTT,PBT,MXD6-Nylon2.GeneralTypesA-PETfilmA:Widerangeofthicknessfromabout303000m,main100800mB:FilmcompositionmonolayerAbi-layerABtri-layerABAorABCmultilayer3.MainApplicationsA-PETcoversaverywiderangeofapplicationswithahighmarketflexibilityThemarketisconsumerdrivennotA-PETfilmproducerdrivenThemarketisstronglyconnectedtofoodpackaging(FDA)WithA-B-AfilmbottleflakewasteispossibletouseforfoodapplicationFurtherapplicationrelatedproperties-thermoformability,dependsonIV-highfriction,nonblockin