GIS专业英语复习题.doc

GIS专业英语复习题（一）I. Directions: The following is a list of terms about Geographic Information Systems. After reading it, you are required to find the items equivalent to those given in Chinese in the table below. （5*2=10 marks）A- data conversion K- longitudeB- coordinate system L- projection and registrationC- map projections M- correlation analysisD- latitude N- spatial dataE- thematic map O- hypermediaF- vector data P- geographical information systems(GIS)G- spatial analysis Q- raster dataH- multimedia R- digital elevation models(DEM)I- geo-referenced data S- Overlay Analysis J- information retrieval T- database management system(DBMS)1. ( ) 叠加分析 ( ) 地理参照数据 2. ( ) 信息检索 ( ) 经度，经线3. ( ) 栅格数据 ( ) 专题地图4. ( ) 投影与匹配 ( ) 空间数据5. ( ) 数字高程模型 ( ) 坐标系统II. Directions: There are 5 incomplete statements here. You should fill in each blank with the proper word according to the knowledge of Geographic Information Systems. (10*1=10 marks)1. The Pioneering stage of development history of GIS began to appear in the_. 2. There are two major methods to input, store and visualize mapped data in GIS: _ GIS and _ GIS. 3. In the vector based model, geospatial data is represented in the form of _. In vector data, the basic units of spatial information are _, _ and polygons. 4. In a GIS, locations on the earths surface described by a series of x, y coordinates. Coordinate systems can be self-described or in units that relate to the real world.The units of geodetic coordinate system are decimal degrees; degrees, _, _.5. The forms of data in GIS are _data, _ data and temporal data. III. Directions: Choosing the best answer from the given four choices to fill in the blank.（10*2=20 marks）1. The abbreviation of Geographic Information System (GIS) is_. A.GPSB.MPSC.GISD.MIS 2. The full name of GIS is_ . A. Geographic Information System B. Word Processing System C. Global Positioning System D. Earth Satellite System3. The core function of GIS is_.A. query B. retrieval C. statistical calculation D. spatial analysis function 4. GIS was germinated (formed) in the early_. A.1950s B. 1960s C.1970s D. 1980s5. _ was considered as the father of GIS. A. Goodchild B. Colwell C. Roger Tomlinson D. Terry Coppok 6. The first system in the modern era to be generally acknowledged as a GIS was _. A. Canada Geographic Information System (or CGIS) B. GIS-based research C. Loess Plateau Information System D. WebGIS7. In a GIS, locations on the earths surface described by a series of x, y coordinates. Coordinate systems can be self-described or in units that relate to the real world.The units of planar coordinate system are _. A. Decimal degrees; B. degrees, minutes, seconds C. hours, minutes, seconds D. meters; and feet8. All Data within a GIS are stored within databases. A database is a collection of information about things and their relationships to each other. Geographic information systems rely on two interrelated types of databases: the _ database and the _ database. A. spatial, non-spatial B. spatial, attribute C. vector; raster D. vector-based; raster-based9. Developing the boundaries of the region within the specified distance from the airport is called a proximity or _ operation, and is a common tool in spatial analysis. A. overlay B. network C. buffer D. spatial statistics10. One of the significant signs that GIS distinguishes from other information systems is_. A. spatial analysis B. attribute analysis C. statistical analysis D. correlation analysisIV. Directions: Translating the following Specialized English words into Chinese or English. (16*2=32 marks)1. spatial data 2. geographic analysis 3. database management and update 4. thematic map 5. latitude and longitude 6. geodetic coordinate system 7. aerial photographs 8. multimedia/hypermedia GIS 9. 硬件和软件 10. 数据转换 11. 信息技术 12. 地图投影 13. 矢量和栅格数据 14. 输入和输出系统 15. 虚拟现实 16. 环境管理与保护 V. Directions: Translating the following sentences into Chinese. (3*4=12 marks) 1. GIS is a system of hardware, software and procedures to facilitate the management, manipulation, analysis, modeling, representation and display of geo-referenced data to solve complex problems regarding planning and management of resources.2. With the availability of real-time global positioning systems and cost-effective mobile telecommunications, it has become possible to develop real-time GIS that monitor, transmits, records and analyses the movement of mobile agents such as vehicles, people or animals.3. The so-called geo-spatial information science depends on computer technology and communication technology as the main technical support including global positioning system (GPS), geographic information systems (GIS), remote sensing (RS) and other spatial information technology. Its functions contain acquisition, measurement, analysis, storage, management, display, transmission and application of the data of the earth and spatial distribution. Geo-spatial information science is an important part of earth information science.VI. Directions: Answering the following questions. (4*4=16 marks)1. What are the major components of GISystem? And what are the functions of GIS?2. What are the advantages and disadvantages of raster data?3. What kind of functions does GIS spatial analysis have? Can you give some relative examples for different functions respectively?4. GIS can be widely in many realm, and please give several examples of GIS applications.GIS专业英语复习题（二）I. Directions: The following is a list of terms about Geographic Information Systems. After reading it, you are required to find the items equivalent to those given in Chinese in the table below. （5*2=10 marks）A- information extraction H- quantitative remote sensing B- spatial resolution I- electromagnetic spectrum C- geometric correction J- Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR)D- microwave remote sensing K- lossy compressionE- image fusion/integration L- spatial resolutionF- lossless compression M- analog imageG- radio detection and ranging (RADAR) N- radiometric correction1. ( ) 空间分辨率 ( ) 模拟图像2. ( ) 信息提取 ( ) 图像融合 3. ( ) 无损压缩 ( ) 光探测和测距(激光雷达)4. ( ) 几何校正 ( ) 电磁波谱5. ( ) 雷达（无线电测距与定位） ( ) 定量遥感II. Directions: There are 5 incomplete statements here. You should fill in each blank with the proper word according to the knowledge of Geographic Information Systems. (16*1=16 marks)1. Remote sensing of the environment by geographers is usually done with the help of mechanical devices known as _. 2. In respect to the type of energy resources, the types of remote sensing can be divided into _ remote sensing and _ remote sensing. 3. Remote sensing is the science of _ information about the earths surface without actually being in contact with it. This is done by _ and _ reflected or emitted energy and processing, analyzing, and applying that information. 4. Different image captured by different remote sensing instruments have different characters. Characters of satellite sensor consist of satellite _ and swath and the _, _, radiometric and _ resolutions of remote sensing data. 5. Features Used in Image Interpretation and Recognition include shape, size, _or color, _, shadow and _. 6. The simplest form of remote sensing uses photographic cameras to record information from visible or near _ wavelengths. During World War I, _photography played an important role. The development of _ photography following World War II gave a more natural depiction (n.描绘，描写) of surface objects.III. Directions: Choosing the best answer from the given four choices to fill in the blank.（10*2=20 marks）1. Geographers use the techniques of _ to monitor or measure phenomena found in the Earths lithosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere. A. eyes B. remote sensing C. the sense of smell D. the sense of hearing2. In respect to wavelength regions, remote sensing can be classified into three types. They are visible and reflective infrared remote sensing, _ infrared remote sensing and _ remote sensing. A. thermal; microwave B. thermal; radar C. microwave; radio D. radar; radio3. Recent advances in remote sensing and geographic information have led the way for the development of _ Remote Sensing, which is an instrument called an “active sensor”. A. spatial B. spectral C. radar D. laser4. The full name of RS is_ . A. Random Access Memory B. Recording of energy by the sensor C. Remotely sensed data D. Remote Sensing5. In the_, a revolution in remote sensing technology began with the deployment of space satellites. A. 1950s B. 1960s C.1970s D. 1980s6. The first meteorological satellite, _, was launched by the United States using an Atlas rocket on April 1, 1960. A. TIROS-1 B. Landsat C. SPOT D. Radarsat-17. _, which was launched in 2002, has a maximum ground resolution of 2.5 x 2.5 meters in both panchromatic mode and multispectral operation. A. Landsat 7 B. SPOT C. Radarsat-1 D. SPOT-58. Radar is an acronym for _. A. Radar Remote Sensing B. Radio Detection C. Radio Detection and Ranging D. Radio Signals9. As a microwave remote sensing technique, _ system has all-day and all-weather imaging capability and provides unique images and has become an important technique of data acquisition for change detection, especially in some regions where it is difficult for optical sensors to acquire high-quality image. A. Radar B. SAR C. LIDAR D. InSAR10. _technology has evolved in the last four decades to become a prominent remote sensing tool for geo-spatial researches, which is an active optical remote sensing technology that measures properties of scattered light to find range and other information of a distant target. A. SAR B. Radar C. InSAR D. LIDARIV. Directions: Translating the following Specialized English words into Chinese or English. (12*2=24 marks) 1. electromagnetic radiation 2. multi-spectral Scanner(MSS) 3. spectral resolution 4. radiometric correction 5. digital elevation or digital terrain models(DEMs/DTMs) 6. Thematic Mapper 7. 遥感 8. 雷达系统 9. 波段 10. 数字图像 11. 被动式/主动式传感 12. 图象分析 V. Directions: Translating the following sentences into Chinese. (3*5=15 marks) 1. Remote sensing is a technology for sampling electromagnetic radiation to acquire and interpret non-contiguous geospatial data from which to extract information about features, objects, and classes on the earths land surface, oceans, and atmosphere.2Radiation and the Atmosphere (B) as the energy travels from its source to the target, it will come in contact with and interact with the atmosphere it passes through. This interaction may take place a second time as the energy travels from the target to the sensors.3. Interaction with the Target (C) once the energy makes its way to the target through the atmosphere, it interacts with the target depending on the properties of both the target and the radiation.VI. Directions: Answering the following questions. (3*5=15 marks)1. What is the process of remote sensing? Can you describe the process of remote sensing in a simple way? 2. What are characteristics of satellite remote sensing image? 3. In the resources management and environmental monitoring, could you please give us some examples to explain the application area that can benefit from the integration of a GIS, RS and GPS?GIS专业英语复习题（三）I. Directions: The following is a list of terms about Geographic Information Systems. After reading it, you are required to find the items equivalent to those given in Chinese in the table below. （5*2=10 marks）A- smart phones G- mastercontrolstationB- Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) H-Wireless Local Area Network（WLAN）C- atmospheric delay I- Emergency ResponseD- Location Based Service (LBS) J- Precise Positioning Service (PPS)E- orbital planes K- Standard Positioning Service (SPS) F- Global System for Mobile Communication M- handheld PCs 1. ( ) 主控制站 ( ) 精准定位服务2. ( ) 大气延迟 ( ) 个人数字助理/掌上电脑3. ( ) 智能电话 ( ) 轨道平面4. ( ) 基于位置的服务 ( ) 无线局域网络5. ( ) 应急响应 ( ) 全球通信系统II. Directions: There are 5 incomplete statements here. You should fill in each blank with the proper word according to the knowledge of Geographic Information Systems. (16*1=16 marks)1. GPS system consists of three major segments: the _ segment, the _ segment and the _ segment. 2. Besides GPS, now there are three kinds of satellite position navigation system in the world. They are: global navigation satellite system (_) of former Soviet Union, Galileo system of European Union (UN) and _ System of China. 3. The _ constellation is composed of 24 satellites in six orbital planes. The satellites operate in circular 20,200 km (10,900 nm) orbits at an inclination angle of 55 degrees and with a 12-hour period. Each satellite transmits on two L _ frequencies, L1 (1575.42 MHz) and L2 (1227.6 MHz). 4. In general, a wireless communication system consists of three main components: the Mobile Switching Centres (MSC) or _ equipment, the _ and the user _. 5.The integration of remote sensing, GPS, and GIS can be conceptualized and summarized by four models: _, _, hierarchical and _. 6. The applications of integration of GIS, RS and GPS include resources management and environmental _, emergency_, and _ mapping. III. Directions: Choosing the best answer from the given four choices to fill in the blank.（10*2=20 marks）1. The _ system, operated by the U.S. Department of Defense, is the first GPS system widely available to civilian users. A. GNSS B. NAVSTAR C. GLONASS D. Beidou2. The _, sometimes called the Standard Positioning Service (SPS), is a pseudorandom noise code that is modulated onto the L1 carrier. A. Coarse-Acquisition (C/A) code B. Precision (P) code C. Y code D. PRN code3. _System is thought as the most accurate observe method now. A. GPS B. OCS C. GNSS D. RTK4. 3S technology refers to_.A.GISRSGPS B.GISDSSGPSC.GISGPSOS D.GISDSSRS5. Pseudo-random noise code has P code, Y code and _. A. X code B.C/A code C.P/Y D.Y/A6. In order to connect mobile devices to a fixed network in which the cartographic server will be set, we can use two kinds of wireless networks. _s have a limited coverage, from few meters to some kilometers. Their main characteristics are that they provide high transmission rates and usually are privately owned. A. WWAN B.WAP C. WLAN D. WML7. The mobile handsets may be cell phones or small handheld computing devices known as _. A. PDA B. LBS C. OS D. PVT8. _ is a must for the widespread adoption of location-based services. Moreover, it ensures network security and privacy and helps to facilitate billing and revenue sharing. A. Diverse mobile mapping standards B. Market capacity C. Interoperability D. User privacy9. GPSdetermineslocationbycomputingthedifferencebetweenthetimeasignalis sentandthetimeisreceived. GPS satellites carry _ that provide extremely accurate time. The time information is placed in the codes broadcast by the satellite so that a receiver can continuously determine the time the signal was broadcast. A. atomic clocks B. electronic clocks C.GIS receiver D. sensors10. SA refers to _. A. Precise Positioning Service B. Selective Availability C. Standard Positioning Service D. anti-spoofingIV. Directions: Translating the following Specialized English words into Chinese or English. (12*2=24 marks) 1. constellation 2. pseudo-range 3. spatial visualization 4. phase 5. coarse/acquisition (C/A)code 6. carrier frequencies 7. 实时 8. 民用码 9. 精确码(p码) 10. GIS接收机 11全球导航卫星系统 12笔记本电脑 V. Directions: Translating the following sentences into Chinese. (3+3*4=15 marks) 1. GlobalPositioningSystem(GPS)isaspace-basedradio-navigationsystem,consistingof24satellitesandground support. GPS provides users with accur