426中考英语形容词讲解与练习.doc

中考命题趋势： 形容词的词义辨析和比较级一、形容词用来修饰名词，表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征的词，叫形容词。形容词的作用，见下表：作 用例 句You can see a lot of beautiful flowers in the garden.Your coat is too small.The old woman keeps everything clean and tidy.注意：有些形容词只能作表语，如：alone, afraid, asleep 等。例如：Dont wake the sleeping baby up. He is asleep.The old man is alone.形容词用来修饰something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代词，要放在这些词的后面。例如：Youd better tell us_ _.(有趣的事情)The police found strange nothing in the room.（ ）多个形容词做定语时排列的先后顺序口诀是：描大形新颜国材 限定词（冠词，指示代词，物主代词，数词），描（描绘性形容词）大（大小长短高低）形（形状）新（新旧）颜（颜色）国（国家地区出处）材（材料）His grandpa still lives in this small short house.The woman bought two beautiful Chinese plates两张新的中国式的木制大圆桌_形容词名词化：有些形容词前加定冠词后变成名词，表示一类人，谓语常用复数。这类词有：rich / poor; good / bad ; young / old ; healthy / ill ; living / dead ; black / white (表示人种等)。例如：The rich never help the poor in this country.年轻人应该好好照顾老人。_常见名词变形容词的方法名词构成方法意义举例表示天气的名词y充满。的多。的 CloudcloudyWind windy表示方位的名词ern朝。的 West western East eastern表示称谓的名词ly。一般的Friend friendlyMother motherly表示时间的名词ly每。的Week weeklyday daliy表示物质的名词en。制成的woodwoodengold golden 表示抽象意义的名词fulyless。的。的无。的CarecarefulLuck luckyHope holpless表示大洲与国家的名词n 。的 。人的 Asia Asian America American.形容词的比较级构成及用法 形容词比较级构成一、 规则变化1.一般单音节词未尾加-er,-esttall(高的) tallertallestgreat(巨大的) greater greatest 2.以不发音的e结尾的单音词nice(好的) nicernicest large(大的) larger largest 3.双写结尾的辅音字母（辅+元+辅），再加-er，-est big(大的) bigger biggest hot热的)hotter hottest 4.以辅+y结尾的双音节词，改y为i，再加-er，-est easyeasier- easiest busybusier-busiest5.其他双音节词和多音节词，在前面加more，most来构成比较级和最高级。important(重要的)more important most importanteasily(容易地) more easily most easily二、不规则变化原级比较级最高级Good/wellMany/muchBad/illlittlefewfarold 形容词比较级的用法1. 同级比较 两者相比（甲乙），用“as+原级as”。和。一样。e.g. Tom is as tall as Jack She could do as well as a man. He runs as fast as I. 两者相比（甲乙），用“not as(so)+原级as”.不如。e.g. She isnt as(so) careful as you. I didnt do my homework as carefully as you. He is not as tall as I.2. 比较级用于两者或两部分间的比较。 （1）两者相比（甲乙），用“比较级than”表示 e.g. This room is bigger than that one. I am taller than you. This lesson is more difficult than that one. 注意：修饰比较级的词有a little, a bit ,a few , a lot ,much, even,still,far,rather,any 等表程度。e.g. Today is _ colder than yesterday(冷得多/一点) 为避免重复，在从句中常用the one 代替可数名词单数形式，调和ones 或those代替可数名词的复数形式，that代替不可数名词。 E.g. The weather in Tianjin is colder than_of Guangzhou in winter.（2）表示“不如”，用“less原级than”结构e.g. The book is less difficult than that one. The film is less interesting than that one（3）不与其他事物相比，表示本身程度的改变，用“比较级and比较级”结构，意思是“越来越”e.g. The weather is getting_ _ . _ （越来越暖和） Our country is becoming _ _ . _ （越来越漂亮） （4）表示“两者之间比较。的一个（of the two）”时，常用“the +比较级”结构。 e.g. Mary is the taller of the twins 形容词最高级的用法表示三者或者三者以上的人或物进行比较时，用”the+adj最高级形式”。 e.g.Shanghai is the biggest city in china. .表示“最。的。之一”时，用“one ofhe+adj最高级形式 ” e.g. Zhou Jielun is _ _ _ _ _ singers.(最流行的歌手之一) 形容词最高级前可加序数词，表示“第几。” e.g. The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. .形容词比较级可表示最高级含义e.g.Li Lei is the tallest students in our class.=Li Lei is taller than any other students in our class注意：在同一范围内比较时，必须把主体排除在被比较的范围之外 China is larger than _ country in Asia.China is larger than _ country in Africa.A. any B.any other C other(5) 易混形容词 ill和sick 都表示“病的，生病的”，都可以作表语，但作定语只能用sick。而ill不能作定语（ill作定语时是“坏的”） The _man is his uncle. He has been _for two days .good ,well,fine,和nice1. good 是形容词，用作表语和定语，它表示电影、书籍等某种东西的内容好，或者表示人品好、善良等。This is a good bo