等价类测试-- 案例分析.doc

一、 假设有一个提交订单的方法submitOrder(OrderRequest:Order)，OrderRequest是一个XML Schema复杂数据类型，其数据类型结构树如下所示。边边上的约束e0=(OrderRequest,x0,OrderRequest_sequence)x0=e1=(OrderRequest_sequence,x1,custid)x1=(minOccurs, 0) (maxOccurs,1)e2=(custid,x2,string)x2=(maxLength,10) (minLength,10)e3=(OrderRequest_sequence,x3,ordid)x3=(minOccurs, 1) (maxOccurs,1)e4=(ordid,x4,string)x4=(maxLength,10) (minLength,10)e5=(OrderRequest_sequence,x5,price)x5=(minOccurs,0) (maxOccurs,1)e6=(price,x6,decimal)x6=(fractionDigits,2)(maxInclusive,10000)e7=(OrderRequest_sequence,x7,orderItem)x7=(minOccurs,1)(maxOccurs,unbounded)e8=(orderItme,x8,orderItme_sequence)x8=e9=(orderItme_sequence,x9,itemid)x9=(minOccurs, 1) (maxOccurs,1)e10=(itemid,x10,string)x10=(maxLength,10) (minLength,10)e11=(orderItme_sequence,x11,prodid)x11=(minOccurs, 0) (maxOccurs,1)e12=(prodi,x12,decimal)x12=(maxLength,10) (minLength,10)e13=(orderItme_sequence,x13,quantity)x13=(minOccurs, 0) (maxOccurs,1)e14=(quantity,x14,positiveInteger)x14=(maxInclusive,100)内建数据类型等价类划分和相应测试用例集的示例内建数据类型内建数据类型基于刻面和约束值的等价类划分和相应的测试用例约束刻面和约束值有效等价类测试用例无效等价类测试用例custid:string(maxLength,”10”)&(minLength, “10”)长度为10的字符串xx00xx00xx长度小于10的字符串a001长度大于10的字符串a001xx00xx00xxordid:string(maxLength,”10”)&(minLength, “10”)长度为10的字符串yy00371102长度小于10的字符串b001长度大于10的字符串b001yy00371102price:decimal(fractionDigits,“2”)&(maxInclusive,“10000”)0 price 10000957.33price 0-978.5610000price10000.45小数位数为2位34.67小数位数小于2位93.8小数位数大于2位78.567itemid:string(maxLength,”10”)&(minLength, “10”)长度为10的字符串c001uddddd长度小于10的字符串c008长度大于10的字符串c008888888eProdid:string(maxLength,“10”)&(minLength,“10”)长度为10的字符串0371102345长度小于10的字符串037110234长度大于10的字符串0371102340371102345quantity:positive-Integer(maxInclusive,”100”)0quantity 10045100Quantity124Quantity0-23整数57含有小数2.3各节点发生次数的等价类划分和相应测试用例的示例节点各节点发生次数的等价类划分和相应的测试用例约束刻面和约束值有效等价类测试用例无效等价类测试用例custid(minOccrus,“0”) &(maxOccurs, “1”)0和10和1发生的次数大于13ordid(minOccrus,“1”) &(maxOccurs, “1”)11发生的次数小于10发生的次数大于17price(minOccrus,“0”) &(maxOccurs, “1”)0和10和1发生的次数大于16itemid(minOccrus,“1”) &(maxOccurs, “1”)11发生的次数小于10发生的次数大于14prodid(minOccrus,“0”) &(maxOccurs, “1”)0和10和1发生的次数大于15quantity(minOccrus,“0”) &(maxOccurs, “1”)0和10和1发生的次数大于19order-Item(minOccrus,“1”) &(maxOccurs, “unbounded”)任意大于1的整数20发生的次数小于10orderRequest=0,1,3* custid_string +0,1,7* ordid_string +0,1,6* price_decimal + 20,0*(0,1, 4* itemid_string +0,1,5* prodid_decimal +0,1,9* quantity_positiveInteger)为了求解根节点orderRequest的测试用例集，如果组合各叶子节点所有取值以及其发生次数的所有取值，即，采用强健壮等价类测试，将会获取根节点测试用例的个数为 个。用弱健壮等价类测试方法，根节点orderRequest测试用例的过程如下：1) 设计orderRequest的一个新的测试用例，使它能够尽量覆盖各叶子节点(包括叶子节点的取值和叶子节点的发生次数)尚未覆盖的有效等价类。重复这个步骤，直到所有的有效等价类均被该测试用例所覆盖。2) 设计orderRequest的一个新的测试用例，使它仅覆盖一个叶子节点(包括叶子节点的取值和叶子节点的发生次数)尚未覆盖的无效等价类。即每次让一个叶子节点或该叶子节点的发生次数取异常值，其余的叶子节点以及叶子节点的发生次数取正常值。重复这一步骤，直到所有的无效等价类均被测试用例所覆盖。测试用例由756个缩减为26个，即包括2个有效测试用例，24个无效测试用例。1. TC1=xx00xx00xx,1,yy00371102,1,957.33,1,c001uddddd,1,0371102345,0,45,0,202. TC2=xx00xx00xx,0,yy00371102,1,957.33,0,c001uddddd,1, 0371102345,1,45,1,203. TC3= a001,1, yy00371102,1, 957.33,1, c001uddddd,1, 0371102345,1, 45,1,204. TC4=a001xx00xx00xx,1,yy00371102,1,957.33,1,c001uddddd,1, 0371102345,0, 45,1,205. TC5=xx00xx00xx,1,b001,1,957.33,1,c001uddddd,1,0371102345,1,45,1,20)6. TC6=xx00xx00xx,1,b001yy00371102,1,957.33,1,c001uddddd,1,0371102345,1,45,1,207. TC7=xx00xx00xx,1,yy00371102,1,-978.567,1,c001uddddd,1,0371102345,1,45,1,208. TC8=xx00xx00xx,1,yy00371102,1,93.8,1,c001uddddd,1,0371102345,1,45,1,209. TC9=xx00xx00xx,1,yy00371102,1,10000.45,1,c001uddddd,1,0371102345,1,45,1,2010. TC10=xx00xx00xx,1,yy00371102,1,78.567,1,c001uddddd,1,0371102345,1,45,1,2011. TC11=xx00xx00xx,1,yy00371102,1,957.33,1,c008888888e,1,0371102345,1,45,1,2012. TC12=xx00xx00xx,1,yy00371102,1,957.33,1,c0088,1,0371102345,1,45,1,2013. TC13=xx00xx00xx,1,yy00371102,1,957.33,1,c001uddddd,1,037110234,1,45,1,2014. TC14=xx00xx00xx,1,yy00371102,1,957.33,1,c001uddddd,1,0371102340371102345,1,45,1,2015. TC15=xx00xx00xx,1,yy00371102,1,957.33,1,c001uddddd,1,0371102345,1,124,1,2016. TC16=xx00xx00xx,1,yy00371102,1,957.33,1,c001uddddd,1,0371102345,1,-23,1,20);17. TC17=xx00xx00xx,1,yy00371102,1,957.33,1,c001uddddd ,1,0371102345,1,2.3,1,2018. TC18=xx00xx00xx,3,yy00371102,1,957.33,1,c001uddddd ,1,0371102345,0,45,1,2019. TC19=xx00xx00xx,1,yy00371102,0,957.33,1,c001uddddd,1,0371102345,0,45,1,2020. TC20=xx00xx00xx,1,yy00371102,7,957.33,1,c001uddddd,1,0371102345,0,45,1,2021. TC21=xx00xx00xx,1,yy00371102,1,957.33,6,c001uddddd,1,0371102345,0,45,1,20 22. TC22=xx00xx00xx,1,yy00371102,1,957.33,1,c001uddddd,0,0371102345,0,45,1,2023. TC23=xx00xx00xx,1,yy00371102,1,957.33,1,c001uddddd,4,0371102345,