第二章 “七选五”阅读.doc

惠州育智文化传播有限公司第一部分 阅读理解第二章 “七选五”阅读【2015新课标全国卷I】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Building Trust in a Relationship AgainTrust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences._36_Trust is a risk.But you cant be successful when theres a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.Unfortunately, weve all been victims of betrayal.Whether weve been stolen from, lied to , misled, or cheated on, there are different levels of losing trust.Sometimes people simply cant trust anymore._37_Its understandable, but if youre willing to build trust in a relationship again, we have some steps you can take to get you there._38_having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your wellbeing._39_If youve been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance.But theres a difference between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”At some point in all of our lives, well have our trust tested or violated. You didnt lose “everything”Once trust is lost, what is left? Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life._40_ instead, its a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.ALearn to really trust yourself.BIt is putting confidence in someone.CStop regarding yourself as the victim.DRemember that you can expect the best in return.ETheyve been too badly hurt and they cant bear to let it happen again.FThis knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.GSeeing the positive side of things doesnt mean youre ignoring what happened.【试题分析】文章主要讲述了人们一旦失去了信任，如何再次建立信任。36解析：根据前一句Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences信任是我们从以往经历中获得的学习行为。选项B中的it代指上文刚出现的trust。故选B。答案：B37. 解析：根据前句Sometimes people simply cant trust anymore.可知他们受到严重的伤害且不能忍受再次发生。可知选E。答案：E38解析：根据后句having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your wellbeing.可知此段主要讲述要学会信任自己。可知选A。答案： A 39. 解析：根据后句If youve been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance.可知此段主要讲述不要认为自己是受害者。故选C。答案：C40解析：根据前一句Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life和后一句instead, its a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.可知既要看到事情的积极面，也不要忽视所发生的事情。故选G。答案：G【2014新课标卷】 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 The jobs of the future have not been invented，_36_By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds.1CuriosityYour children need to be deeply curious._37_Ask kids，“What ingredients (配料) can we add to make these pancakes even better next time”and then try them out.Did those ingredients make the pancakes better? What could we try next time? 2Creativity True creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new from it._38_There are a dozen different things you can do with them.Experimenting with materials to create something new can go a long way in helping them develop their Creativity.3Interpersonal Skills Understanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids.We know what is going on inside our own head, but what about others? Being able to read people helps kids from misreading a situation and jumping to false conclusions._39_“Why do you think she is crying？”“Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face？”“If someone were to do that to you, how would you feel？”4Self Expression _40_There are many ways to express thoughts and ideasmusic, acting, drawing, building, photography.You may find that your child is attracted by one more than another.A. Encourage kids to cook with you.BAnd we cant forget science education.CWe can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways.DSo how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that dont yet exist? EGardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill.FWe can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories.GBeing able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill.【试题分析】本文介绍了培养孩子技能的方法，其中包括好奇心、创造性、交际能力和自我表达等。36解析：细节过渡题。根据空后的“By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them.”可知，这里叙述的是帮助他们发展一些技能。由此推断，上句应为“应该怎样帮助孩子为未来的工作而作准备”，故选D。答案：D37解析：细节过渡题。根据下面的内容可知，此处是鼓励孩子们和你一起做饭。答案：A38解析：细节过渡题。根据上文中的create something new等可知，要给孩子们思考的机会。答案：C39解析：主旨大意题。联系下面的几个问题可知F项正确。答案：F40解析：主旨大意题。根据该段小标题及空格后to express thoughts可知，此处所填内容与交流有关，故选G项。答案：G【2013新课标全国卷I】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Business is the organized approach to providing customers with the goods and services they want.The word business also refers to an organization that provides these goods and services.Most businesses seek to make a profit(利润)that aim to achieve income that is more than the costs of operating the business._1_Commonly called nonprofits, these organizations are primarily nongovernmental service providers_2_Business management is a term used to describe the techniques of planning, direction, and control of the operations of a business._3_One is the establishment (制定)of broad basic policies with respect to production; sales; the purchase of equipment, materials and supplies; and accounting._4_The third relates to the establishment of standards of word in all departments.Direction is concerned primarily with supervision(监管)and guidance by the management in authority_5_AControl includes the use of records and reports to compare actual work with the set standards for work.BIn this connection there is the difference between top management and operative management.CExamples of nonprofit business include such organizations as social service agencies and many hospitals.DHowever, some businesses only seek to enough to cover their operating costsEThe second aspect relates to the application of these policies by departments.FIn the theory of business management, organization has two main aspects.GPlanning in business management has three main aspects.【试题分析】本文是说明文。生意是给顾客提供商品和服务的有效手段，其目的有两种：一个是营利，另一个是非营利。文章介绍了business management的含义。1解析：细节过渡题。上文谈到有利润的生意，下文则出现了转折，是无利润的生意；还有，下文中的nonprofits和D项的意思一致。答案：D2解析：解释说明题。根据上文中的“Commonly called nonprofits，these organizations are primarily nongovernmental service providers.”可知，此处是给出的有关nonprofits的具体例子，故C项是正确答案。答案：C3解析：细节过渡题。根据下文中提到的三个方面的介绍可知，此处是总述，下文是分述，故选G。答案：G4解析：文章结构题。上文提到第一个方面，下文提到第三个方面，很显然此处是第二个方面。答案：E5解析：文章结构题。该段提到planning和direction，所以最后作者开始解释control。答案：A【2012全国卷】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Kids health：Four steps for fighting stressEverybody gets stressed from time to time._1_Some ways of dealing with stresslike screaming or hitting someonedont solve(解决)much.But other ways，like talking to someone you trust，can lead you to solving your problem or at least feeling better.Try taking these four steps the next time you are stressed：(1)Get support.When you need help，reach out to the people who care about you.Talk to a trusted adult，such as a parent or other relatives._2_They might have had similar problems，such as dealing with a test，or the death of a beloved pet.(2)Dont take it out on yourself.Sometimes when kids are stressed and upset they take it out on themselves.Oh，dear，thats not a good idea.Remember that there are always people to help you.Dont take it out on yourself._3_(3)Try to solve the problem.After youre calm and you have support from adults and friends，its time to get down to business._4_Even if you cant solve it all，you can solve a piece of it.(4)Be positive.Most stress is temporary(暂时的)Remember stress does go away，especially when you figure out the problem and start working on solving it.These steps arent magic，but they do work.And if you can stay positive as you make your way through a tough time，youll help yourself feel better even faster_5_AAsk for a helping hand to get you through the tough situation.BNotice your friends feelings and find a way to help them.CDifferent people feel stress in different ways.DAh，it feels so good when the stress is gone.EYou need to figure out what the problem is.FAnd dont forget about your friends.GThen，find a way to calm down.【试题分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了克服压力的四个步骤：获取支持、避免自责、解决问题和保持积极情绪。1解析：细节过渡题。句首的“Everybody gets stressed from time to time.”是本段主题句，由此可知，此处的语境应该和主题有关，再联系下文中的“Some ways.”和“But other ways.”，说明不同的人对压力的体验不同。答案：C2解析：细节过渡题。本段主旨是“求助”，联系上文中的“parent or other relatives”可知，此处谈到向朋友求助。答案：F3解析：段落结论题。根据(2)中的“Remember that there are always people to help you.”可以推知，你需要寻求帮助以渡过难关。答案：A4解析：细节理解题。联系该段的主题句“Try to solve the problem.”可以推知，你需要弄清楚你的问题所在。答案：E5解析：段落结论题。任何压力都是暂时的，所以保持乐观情绪，没有压力当然感觉很好。答案：D【2011全国卷】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Money MattersParents should help their children understand money._1_So you may start talking about money when your child shows an interest in buying things，candy or toys，for example.1The basic function of moneyBegin explaining the basic function of money by showing how people trade money for goods or services.Its important to show your child how money is traded for the things he wants to have.If he wants to have a toy，give him the money and let him hand the money to the cashier(收银员)_2_When your child grows a bit older and understands the basic function of money，you can start explaining more complex ways of using money.2Money lessonsApproach money lessons with openness and honesty._3_If you must say no to a childs request to spend money，explain，“You have enough toy trucks for now.” Or，if the request is for many different things，say “You have to make a choice between this toy and that toy.”3_4_Begin at the grocery store.Pick out similar brands of a producta namebrand butter and a generic(无商标产品)，for example.You can show your child how to make choices between different brands of a product so that you can save money._5_If he chooses the cheaper brand，allow him to make another purchase with the money saved.Later，you may explain how the more expensive choice leaves less money for other purchases.AWise decisionBThe value of moneyCPermit the child to choose between themDTell your child why he can or cannot have certain things.EAsk yourself what things that cost money are most important to you.FTalk about how the money bought the thing after you leave the toy store.GThe best time to teach a child anything about money is when he shows an interest.【试题分析】本文是说明文。父母有责任抓住时机教会孩子理财，其主要形式有：让孩子理解金钱的用途、上理财课以及学会理性消费等。1解析：细节过渡题。根据“So you may start talking about money when your child shows an interest in buying things，candy or toys，for example.”可知，最好的时机是当他们有兴趣的时候。答案：G2解析：细节过渡题。文章第二段提到购买玩具，联系其中的“If he wants to have a toy，give him the money and let him hand the money to the cashier.”可知，及时告诉孩子金钱如何买到玩具。答案：F3解析：细节过渡题。要弄清楚花钱购买的东西对你来说很重要，所以下文谈到购物的决定和选择。答案：D4解析：主旨大意题。根据下文中的“.so that you can save money.”等信息可知，该段的大意是介绍如何明智地购物，故A项为最佳小标题。答案：A5解析：细节过渡题。根据上文“You can show your child how to make choices between different brands of a product so that you can save money.”可知，既然要作出选择，那就要允许孩子自己选择产品。答案：C1根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出正确的填入空白处。选项中有两项为多余选项。Tips for Cooking on a Tight ScheduleFrom my experience，there are three main reasons why people dont cook more often：ability，money，and time._1_Money is a topic.Ill save for another day.So today I want to give you some wisdom about how to make the most of the time you spend in the kitchen.Here are three tips for great cooking on tight schedule：1Think ahead.The moments when I think cooking is a pain are when Im already hungry and theres nothing ready to eat.So think ahead of the coming week.When will you have time to cook？Do you have the right materials already？_2_2Make your time worth it.When you do find time to cook a meal，make the most of it and save yourself time later on.Are you making one loaf of bread？_3_It takes around the same amount of time to make more of something.So save yourself the effort for a future meal.3_4_This may surprise you，but one of the best tools for making cooking worth your time is experimentation.It gives you the chance to hit upon new ideas and recipes that can work well with your appetite and schedule.The more you learn and the more you try，the more ability you have to take control of your food and your schedule.Hopefully that gives you a good start._5_And dont let a busy schedule discourage you from making some great changes in the way you eat and live!ATry new things.BAbility is easily improved.CMake three or four instead.DUnderstand your food better.ECooking is a burden for many people.FLet cooking and living simply be a joy rather than a burden.GA little time planning ahead can save a lot of work later on.【试题分析】 本文介绍了做饭的方法，其中包括提前计划、充分利用时间、尝试新方法等。1解析：细节过渡题。上文提到ability，money和time三个方面，下面提到了money和time，所以此处应该是关于ability的话题，故B项正确。答案：B2解析：主旨大意题。根据本段倒数第二句可知，本文主要讲如何充分利用时间，再结合该段小标题Think ahead可得出答案。答案：G3解析：细节过渡题。本段主要讲发挥时间效益，结合下一句“It takes around the same amount of time.”可得出答案为C选项。答案：C4解析：主旨大意题。根据该段中的hit upon new ideas和该段最后一句可知本题选A。答案：A5解析：细节过渡题。联系该空之后的句子意思可知，此处表示做饭并轻松生活才会让自己感到快乐，而不是将其当作负担。答案：F2根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出正确的填入空白处。选项中有两项为多余选项。Eyesight plays a very important role in our daily life.Every waking moment，the eyes are working to see the world around us.Over forty percent of Americans worry about losing eyesight，but its easy to include steps into our daily life to ensure healthy eyes.Here are five suggestions for a lifetime of healthy eyesight：Schedule yearly exams._1_Experts advise parents to bring babies 6 to 12 months of age to the doctor for a careful check.The good news is that millions of children now can have yearly eye exams and following treatment，including eyeglasses.Protect against UV rays(紫外线)Longterm stay in the sun creates risk to your eyes.No matter what the season is，its extremely important to wear sunglasses._2_Give your eyes a break.Twothirds of Americans spend up to seven hours a day using computers or other digital products._3_Experts recommend that people practice the 20/20/20 rule：every 20 minutes，take a 20second break and look at something 20 feet away._4_As part of a healthy diet，eat more fruits and vegetables each day.Vitamins(维生素)C and E help protect eyesight and promote eye health.Practice safe wear and care of contact lenses(隐形眼镜)Many Americans use contact lenses to improve their eyesight.While some follow the medical guidance for wearing contact lenses，many are breaking the rules and putting their eyesight at risk._5_Otherwise，you may have problems such as red eyes，pain in the eyes，or a more serious condition.AEat your greens.BEye care should begin early in life.CThey can properly protect your eyes.DStay in good shape by taking more vitamins.EParents usually dont care about their own eyesight.FAlways follow the doctors advice for appropriate wear.GThis frequent eye activity increases the risk for eye tiredness.【试题分析】本文主要介绍了保护视力的五条建议。1解析：细节过渡题。本段讲视力应该定期进行年检，空后第一句讲婴儿612个月时就要接受检查。所以选B“视力保护从生命早期开始”，与文章一致。答案：B2解析：细节过渡题。本段讲预防紫外线，戴太阳镜可以有效保护视力。因此选C。答案：C3解析：细节过渡题。本段讲注意休息，所以长时间用眼会加重眼疲劳。答案：G4解析：细节过渡题。本段讲健康饮食有利于眼健康，所以要多吃绿色蔬菜。答案：A5解析：主旨大意题。本段讲戴隐形眼镜的注意事项，因此听从医生建议与此一致。答案：F3根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出正确的填入空白处。选项中有两项为多余选项。Evaluating Sources(来源)of Health InformationMaking good choices about your own health requires reasonable evaluation.A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of health information.Reasonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to find relevant information，how to separate fact from opinion，how to recognize poor reasoning，and how to analyze information and the reliability of sources._1_Go to the original source.Media reports often simplify the results of medical research.Find out for yourself what a study really reported，and determine whether it was based on good science.Think about the type of study._2_Watch for misleading language.Some studies will find that a behavior “contributes to” or is “associated with” an outcome；this does not mean that a certain course must lead to a certain result._3_Carefully read or listen to information in order to fully understand it.Use your common sense.If a report seems too good to be true，probably it is.Be especially careful of information contained in advertisements._4_Evaluate “scientific” statements carefully，and be aware of quackery(江湖骗术)_5_Friends and family members can be a great source of ideas and inspiration，but each of us needs to find a healthy lifestyle that works for us.Developing the ability to evaluate reasonably and independently about health problems will serve you well throughout your life.AMake choices that are right for you.BThe goal of an ad is to sell you something.CBe sure to work through the critical questions.DAnd examine the findings of the original research.EDistinguish between research reports and public health advice.FBe aware that information may also be incorrectly explained by an authors point of view.GThe following suggestions can help you sort through the health information you receive from common sources.【试题分析】本文主要介绍了如何判断健康信息的来源，知道从什么地方以及如何获得健康信息，如何分析信息并判断信息的可靠性。1解析：逻辑归纳题。根据第二、三、四段的首句“Go to the original source.”“Watch for misleading language.”以及“Use your common sense.”可知，此处应该是引出下文几种方式的介绍，故G项符合。答案：G2