形容词作状语.doc

_一、 形容词或形容词短语作状语，表示方式或伴随，说明谓语动作的方式，它在句子中有时像非限制性分句一样，表示意义上的增补。其逻辑主语是句子的主语。在这种情况下，其位置比较灵活，可位于句首或句末，有时也可位于句中。 Crusoe stared at the footprint, full of fear.(= Crusoe, who was full of fear, stared at the footprint.)克鲁索两眼盯着脚印看，满心恐惧。 Flushed and breathless, she bounded in through the gate. 她满脸通红气喘吁吁从大门口跑了进来。 二、形容词或形容词短语可以作原因状语，一般位于句首，有时也可位于句子中间。 Afraid of being scolded, for a moment, little Franz thought of playing truant.(=As he was afraid of being scolded, for a moment, little Franz thought of playing truant.)由于害怕挨骂，小弗朗兹一时起了逃学的念头。 Eager to improve farming conditions, they tried out this new crop on a large area.(=As they were eager to improve farming conditions, they tried out the new crop on a large area.) 由于急于改进耕作条件，就大面积地试种了这种新庄稼。 Tom, very ill, sent for a doctor.(=As Tom was very ill, he sent for a doctor.) 因为汤姆病得很厉害，派人请医生去了。 三、形容词或形容词短语可以作状语，表示时间和条件。通常位于句首，也可位于句末。 Ripe, these apples are sweet.(=When/If these apples are ripe, they are sweet.) 熟了的时候这种苹果很甜。 Enthusiastic, they are quite cooperative.(=When/If they are enthusiastic, they are cooperative. ) 热心的时候他们是很合作的。 四、形容词或形容词短语可以作让步状语，常由一个形容词或连词or连接的两个或两个以上的并列形容词构成。一般位于句首，有时也可位于句中。 Right or wrong, he always comes off worst in an argument because of his inability to speak coherently.(=Whether he is right or wrong, he always comes off worst because of his inability to speak coherently.) 无论有理还是无理，由于他语言条理欠佳总是把事情弄得最糟。 Wet or fine, he got up at six and took a walk in the park.(=Whether it was wet or fine, he got up at six and took a walk in the park.) 不管天晴还是下雨他总是六点起床在公园里散散步。 The two accidents, tragic, seemed natural enough. (=Though they were tragic, the two accidents seemed natural enough.) 尽管两场事故损失惨重，然而是必然的。 五、形容词或形容词短语可以作状语，表示结果和状态等意义。它在句中的位置比较灵活。 For a moment she just stood there, unable to believe what had just happened. 她在那儿呆呆地站了一会儿，不敢相信刚才发生的事情。 One woman was lying in bed, awake, listening to the rushing winds. 有一位女人醒着躺在床上，静听着那疾驰而过的大风。 They stayed in the snow for several days, cold and hungry. 他们在雪地里呆了几天，又冷又饿。 六、形容词或形容词短语可以作状语, 表示说话人的态度和看法。它通常位于句首。 Worse still, the lion could even carry off the baby in its mouth.更糟糕的是，狮子甚至可能把婴儿叼走。 Surprising, there are five SARS patients in his family. 真惊人，他一家就有五位“非典”病人。 Necessary, young people can speak good English. 年轻人会说通顺的英语是必要的。形容词除了可以作定语、表语或补语外，还可以在句中作状语，具有副词的功能。形容词作状语用时，一般用逗号将其与句子的其余部分隔开。这种状语可位于句首、句末或句中。它在意义上相当于一个状语从句，具有以下语义和特征。 一、形容词或形容词短语可以作状语，表示行为方式或伴随状况。有时，它会像非限制性定语从句一样，表示意义上的增补，其逻辑主语是句子的主语。例如： 1. Crusoe stared at the footprint, full of fear. （Curose, who was full of fear, stared at the footprint. ）克鲁索两眼死盯着脚印看，内心里充满着恐惧。 2. He approached us, full of apologies. （He, who was full of apologies, approached us. ）他连声道歉地朝我们走过来。 二、形容词或形容词短语可以作状语，表示原因。这种状语一般位于句首，有时也可位于句中。例如： 1. Angry at the girl oversleeping, Mr Green went down to wake her up. （Mr Green went down to wake up the girl because he was angry with her for oversleeping. ）格林先生下去叫醒她，是因为她睡过了头惹恼了他。 2. Lin Tao, glad to accept the suggestion, nodded his agreement. （Because he was glad to accept the suggestion, Lin Tao nodded his agreement. ） 因为林涛很乐意接受这个建议，所以他就点头同意了。 三、形容词或形容词短语可以作状语，表示时间或条件。这种状语通常位于句首，也可位于句末。例如： 1. Ripe, these apples are sweet. （When / If these apples are ripe, they are sweet. ）这些苹果熟了，味道很甜。 2. Enthusiastic, they are quite cooperative. （When / If they are enthusiastic, they are cooperative. ） 他们热心时是很愿意合作的。 四、形容词或形容词短语可以作让步状语。这种状语常由连词or连接的两个或两个以上的并列形容词构成，一般位于句首，有时也可位于句中。例如： 1. Right or wrong, he always comes off worst in an argument because of his inability to speak coherently. （Whether he is right or wrong, he always comes off worst because of his inability to speak coherently. ） 由于讲话语无伦次，所以不论有理没理，他在辩论中的表现总是非常糟糕。 2. Wet or fine, he got up at six and took a walk in the park. （= Whether it was wet or fine, he got up at six and took a walk in the park. ） 不管是晴天还是下雨天，他总是六点钟起床，并到公园里散散步。 五、形容词或形容词短语可以作状语，表示结果或存在的状态。这种状语在句中的位置比较灵活。例如： 1. For a moment she just stood there, unable to believe what had just happened. 她在那儿呆呆地站了一会儿，不敢相信刚才发生的事情。 2. One woman was lying in bed, awake, listening to the rushing wind. 有一个女人躺在床上，毫无睡意，静听那疾驰而过的大风。 六、形容