信用证常见不符点问题.doc

总结了一些信用证比较常见的不符点，希望能给大家审单的时候提个醒：Here are some common discrepancies which can be a reminder when you auditing a document:时间不符类：Discrepancies about time:1.信用证过期； The L/C expired;2.信用证装运日期过期； L / C date of shipment expires;3.受益人交单过期；Presentation document by beneficiary expires单据内容类：Discrepancies about content1.交单单据不齐（缺少装船通知或快递单据、证明等）；Lack of documents (lack of advice of shipment or delivery documents, certificate etc. )2.提单没有运费付讫字样（一般来说，如果客户是做FOB的，出的又是船东提单，船公司是不允许提单上出现“FREIGHT PREPAID”字样的）；B/L is not marked “Freight Prepaid” (generally speaking, under FOB and master B/L, “FREIGHT PREPAID” cannot be marked on B/L);3.船证没有按信用证要求出具（船证一般由船公司出具，但大部分船公司都有自己的固定格式，不能完全按照信用证要求显示，因此产生不符）；Vessel certificate is not issued by the requirement of L/C(the vessel certificate is generally issued by shipping company, but most of the shipping companies have their own fixed format and it cannot be fully shown in accordance with L/C requirements. Therefore, a discrepancy occurs);4.各种单据的类别与信用证不符；Discrepancies between each document category and L/C;5.投保的险种与信用证不符；Discrepancies between types of insurance and L/C;6.运输单据和保险单据的背书错误或没有按要求背书；The endorsement error of transport document and insurance document or not according to the requirements of endorsement;7.货物短装或超装（一般信用证都会有5-10%的数量上落差允许，可以在客户开证之前再做提醒）；Cargo short or over loaded (generally, L/C allows a 5-10% drop, so you can remind your customers before issuing L/C);8.单据没按要求签字盖章；Documents do not be signed and sealed as required;9.单据份数与信用证要求不一致（包括提单，这是可以提前与货代沟通的）；Documents copies are not in agreement with L/C (including B/L, which can be confirmed in advance with freight forwarding)在造成不符点的问题中，除了由非受益人出具的单据外（提单、船证、产地证、验货证明等），由受益人出具的证明和文件都是可控的，只要我们足够细心，很多时候，不符点都是可以避免的。Among the problems caused by discrepancies, in addition to the documents issued by the beneficiary (bill of lading, vessel certificate, certificate of origin, inspection certificate, etc.), certificates and documents issued by the beneficiary are controlled. As long as we are careful enough, many discrepancies are avoidable.当收到信用证草稿的时候，要注意看信用证的有效期、出货日期是否在我们能安排的范围内，信用证中是否有要求一些由客户或其他第三方出具的证明或文件，谨记：只有受益人自身能做的单据和文件，才是可控的。要想更好地控制不符点，提前做好准备是关键。When received the L/C draft, we ought to concern whether the validity, shipment date is in range that we can arrange and whether L/C requires some certificates or documents issued by customers or the third parties. Please remember: only documents and files that are made by beneficiary are controllable. In order to better control discrepancies, the key is to prepare well in advance.7.货物短装或超装（一般信用证都会有5-10%的数量上落差允许，可以在客户开证之前再做提醒）关于溢短装问题，不是“一般信用证都会有5-10%的数量上落差允许”，而是只有合同约定有溢短装条款的情况下，信用证才会对应的约定有溢短装条款。如果合同没有溢短装条款，则信用证不会有溢短装条款。但是信用证惯例对于散装货物，且以吨、升（加仑）等以重量或体积为计量单位的货物，不论信用证是否有溢短装条款，都允许受益人有5%的溢短装这种情况不算是不符点。9.单据份数与信用证要求不一致（包括提单，这是可以提前与货代沟通的）提单的份数是固定的，比如海运提单一般是三份正本，不会多也不会少，这个无需与货代或船公司沟通或协商。而信用证也不会要求受益人提交3份以上的正本提单。至于其它单据，比如产地证、保单等也有其固定的正本份数，如果信用证要求多于这些单据固有的正本份数，显然属于信用证的这个要求不妥，需要通过修改信用证来解决这个问题（其实信用证是不会出现这种不专业的过分要求的）所以，“单据份数与信用证要求不一致（包括提单，这是可以提前与货代沟通的）”这个说法不妥。 “除了由非受益人出具的单据外（提单、船证、产地证、验货证明等），由受益人出具的证明和文件都是可控的”提单、船证、产地证、验货证明等虽不是由受益人出具，但是也并非不可控信用证如果有关提单的内容不符合常规，那么，这个可以通过修改信用证的这个条款使之符合常规而达到可控；如果关于船证的要求不符合常规，同样可以通过修改信用证使之符合