外文翻译--散装水泥运输器具

附 录 (英文文献及中英文对照 ) Bulk cement transport apparatus Abstract A bulk material transport apparatus, such as a truck or trailer, having at least one bulk material pressure vessel mounted thereon. The pressure vessel is provided with at least one sealable hatch opening, a first port and a second port all of which are offset from the apex of a torispherical top portion of the pressure vessel. The pressure vessel is provided with at least one discharge port located in a toriconical bottom portion thereof and is also provided with air inlet means for introducing pressurized air into the vessel. An operator platform being positioned at a preselected distance from the offset hatch opening and being within such proximity of the offset hatch opening so as to enable an operator positioned on the operator platform to gain access to the interior of the pressure vessel through the hatch opening is provided. Background The use of mobile pressure vessels to transport dry granular bulk cement is routinely used in the treating of oil and gas production wells. Typically, prior art vessels have a toriconical, or funnel, shaped bottom portion, a vertical cylindrical side wall, and a torispherical, or dome shaped, top portion. The vessels are typically mounted in tandem on a truck bed or on a tractor trailer, whereupon the vessels can be transported to and/or stored at the site of an oil or gas well. The vessels are designed to allow cement to be loaded into the vessel via a re-closable hatch located on the domed top portion of the vessel prior to being transported to the well site and/or while the vessels are located at the well site. Some prior art vessels are additionally designed to allow for the pneumatic conveyance of the cement into the vessel. Cement is conveyed out of the vessel via an external air supply and aerators and plumbing located within and about the vessels. After being conveyed out of the vessel, the cement is routinely piped into a separator, which serves to reduce and/or eliminate cement plug flow and unwanted cement dust. The cement is then ultimately piped to a mixer where cement, water, and perhaps selected additives are mixed together prior to being pumped downhole. All too often, during, or in preparation of the conveyance of the cement located within vessels at a job-site, it becomes necessary to gain access to the interior of the prior art vessels to dislodge cement that has become lodged within the vessel for one reason or another including the cement adhering, or caking, to itself or to the sidewalls of the vessel. In order to gain access to the interior of the vessel for inspection, to check on the condition of the cement currently therein, or to attempt to dislodge caked cement, an equipment operator may have to scramble onto the top of the vessel to reach through the hatch located thereon. At a minimum this is an inconvenience, and during inclement weather, scrambling on the domed-shaped top of a vessel having ice or rain on the outer surface can pose a hazard to the operator. Thus, there is a need for a mobile bulk cement pressure vessel in which access can be gained to the interior thereof with a minimum of inconvenience and to minimize any loss of footing to the operator. Another shortcoming with prior art mobile bulk cement pressure vessels, especially with vessels mounted in a tandem arrangement, that is one vessel mounted longitudinally in front of the other, is that each vessel, or tank, is specifically constructed to be mounted at the forward position or aft position of the truck body, trailer, or other mobile platform. Each vessel also accommodates manifolding, piping, and venting specific to either the forward mounted vessel or the aft mounted vessel. For example, certain piping will be positioned on the forward tank and the rearward tank for removing the bulk material, or cement, from the tanks and introducing it to a separator which is often located aft of the rearward vessel. Economics and physical limitations usually require that the piping be routed by the most direct route, and thus each vessel will have ports and piping designed specifically for that vessels location. Therefore, in a typical tandem vessel arrangement, there will be a forward vessel, with appropriately located mounting lugs and ports, and a rearward vessel also having appropriately located mounting lugs and ports. Such an arrangement requires the design and fabrication of two differing, location-specific separate vessels, as well as the costs and time required for obtaining pressure vessel code approval and for maintaining and updating revised shop and maintenance drawings for each vessel and respectively specific piping and man folding. Furthermore, when a particular vessel, or component, must be replaced, it must be ordered by a specific part number or other means of positive identification. For example, it must be made clear whether a forward positioned vessel or component is needed, or whether a rearward positioned vessel or component is needed, from either the original fabricator or a regional warehouse. This can become quite a chore and inconvenience when a particular vessel or related component is damaged in remote field locations throughout the world as such locations often times have less than ideal communication and transportation links. Thus, there is a need for bulk material transport and storage units that may readily be used in a tandem arrangement in either a forward position or a rearward position to reduce the necessity of designing and fabricating two different vessels to meet applicable pressure vessel codes, as well as maintaining and warehousing bulk material vessels and related components specifically designed and constructed for particular locations on a truck body, trailer, or other mobile platform. Summary of the invention The above objects and needs are fulfilled by the disclosed bulk material transport apparatus. The apparatus includes a mobile base having at least one, and preferably two bulk material pressure vessels mounted thereon in a tandem arrangement. The vessels have a torispherical top portion having an apex, a side wall portion, and a toriconical bottom portion having an apex. The pressure vessels have at least one sealable hatch opening located on the torispherical top portion thereof and the hatch is offset from the apex of the top portion. The pressure vessels further have a first port and a second port located in the top portion, each of which are offset from the apex of the top portion. The second port is located opposite the first port with respect to the apex of the top portion. The pressure vessels are further provided with at least one discharge port located in the bottom portion thereof. Additionally, the pressure vessels are provided with air inlet means for introducing pressurized air into the vessel. An operator platform being interposed between at least one such pair of pressure vessels arranged in tandem relationship. The platform is positioned at a preselected distance from each of the offset hatch openings and is within such proximity of the offset hatch openings of each pressure vessel common to the platform so as to enable an operator positioned on the operator platform to view and gain access to the interior of each pressure vessel through the offset hatch opening located in each vessel. Preferably, the discharge port of each of the pressure vessels arranged in tandem is offset from the apex of the conical bottom portion and is provided with a second discharge port symmetrically located and positioned opposite the first discharge port enabling each of the vessels arranged in tandem to be fully interchangeable with one another when the vessels are rotated approximately 180 about the vessels vertical axis. Preferably, each of the pressure vessels arranged in tandem is provided with a plurality of symmetrically positioned piping brackets located about the periphery of the side wall at preselected locations. Preferably, each of the pressure vessels arranged in tandem is provided with means for removable and interchangeably securing each pressure vessel to either of the vessel positions within the tandem arrangement. Preferably, a vent pipe means is provided and is removable attached to one of the ports located on the top portion of each paired vessel and is routed to converge and eventually join with the adjacent vent pipe means at a preselected position between each vessel on a preselected side thereof. Also, a bulk material inlet pipe means is provided and is removable attached to one of the remaining ports located on the top portion of each paired vessel and each material inlet pipe means is routed to converge and eventually join with the adjacent bulk material inlet pipe means at a preselected position between each vessel on a preselected side thereof. Additionally provided is a bulk material discharge pipe means being removable attached to one of the discharge ports located on the bottom portion of the vessel and each bulk material discharge pipe means being routed generally parallel to the mobile base on a preselected side thereof. Finally, means for introducing pressurized air, or gas, into each paired vessel is provided. Tandem bulk material transport truck Bulk material stored in the pressure vessels may be evacuated individually, or in combination, via the discharge ports and associated man folding and piping of each vessel. The bulk material is evacuated from the vessels by introducing pressurized air, or other gas, into vessels, via inlet ports and respectively, by way of a flexible hose, line, or piping (not shown) and originating from a pressurized air supply(not shown). The flow rate of the material being evacuated is controlled by adjusting the inlet air pressure and if need be, by making adjustments to separator, if being routed there through. The particular configuration and location of operator platforms, in conjunction with the centralized location of the hatch openings and the piping, valuing, and man folding being centrally routed and located, as shown and described above, provides operators standing on the platform with access to the various valuing for venting and controlling air supply and access to both hatches from a centrally located platform. Although, the disclosed invention has been shown and described with respect to a truck and a tractor drawn trailer embodying the present invention, it will be apparent that the claim invention is not limited to such, and that modifications and changes may be made to the claimed invention without departing from the spirit and scope thereof. 散装水泥运输器具 摘要： 大 载重量 运输 水泥 器具，如卡车或拖车，至少有一大部分 是 压力容器 型 。压力容器 提供至少一个 打开的 密封舱门，第一个 舱 口和第二 个舱 口所有这些都是抵消从顶点的顶端部分 压力 的容器。压力容器至少 在底部 提供一个卸货 口 ， 并通过进气道 使 加压空气进入 输气 管。 专用车 平台在预选距离 将 舱口开放，从而使运营商 在指定位置 获得压力容器提供 的水泥 。 背景 使用移动压力容器运输散装水泥干颗粒通常用于石油和天然气生产井。通常情况下，技术 先进 的 装置 有渠道，一个垂直圆柱侧壁或圆顶形形成底部的一部分。这些 装置 通常安装在一辆卡车 上 ，在这种情况下 水泥 可以运到或储存在石油或天然气井。让水泥 进入装置需 通过位于圆顶顶端部分之前 的 舱口 ，该 装置 被运到井场或船只。 此外 一些 运输装置 旨在让气 力 运送水泥。在管道内和有关船只通过外部 供应的 空气 使 水泥 流态化 ，。经过 传输装置 ， 将 水泥 送入 分离器，这有助于减少和消除水泥塞流和不必要的水泥粉尘。水泥管道 在 水泥搅拌机 处终结 ，选择水和添加剂是 在水泥 混合之前。 但 往往在此期间或者准备运送水泥 时，输送装置 在工作现场有必要获得 由 内部 采用先进 技术的 装置来输送 水泥 。 出于种种原因已成为投诉的 原因 之一，包括水泥 坚硬 或结块。为了获得内部 装置的情况需 进行检查，设备 操作人员必须 爬上装置 顶端到舱口。在 一般情况 ，这 给人带来 不便 ，在恶劣天气 的情况下， 圆顶形顶部 的装置的外表面在 有冰或 雨时会对操作人员 构成危险。因此，有必要建立一个移动 的 散装水泥压力容器 。 另一个缺陷 是 与之前最先进的移动散装水泥压力容器，特别是安装在 运输车辆上。 这是一个纵向的 装置， 每艘船舶，或坦克 都有安装 ，是专门建造安装 的 卡车机构， 在 拖车或其他移动 设备，如 船舶 上 也可，管道和通风 安装在前部或 尾部。例如，某些管道被 安装 在前锋 位置 的坦克 并可 消除大量的反坦克材料或水泥，通常需要的管道 受到 经济学和物理 学的 限制，改为采用最直接的路线，从而将每艘船舶的 装置 和管道，专门用于该 船只的位置。因此，在一个典型的串联船只的安排 中 ，将有前瞻性船只，适当位置安装 卸料 口，以及后面的船只也有适当的位置安装 卸料 口。这样的安排，需要设计和制造的两种不同的，特定位置的单独 装置 ，压力容器所需的时间以及费用代码获得批准，并为每艘船舶维护更新具体管道和图纸每艘船舶 提供便捷。 此外，当某一 装置 或 其 组成部分必须更换 时 ，必须 指定 特定部分或其他手段进行 积极 的 鉴定。例如，必须明确是否 全部需要更换 或部分需要 更换 ，或是否向后定位 装置 是必要的 。 从原来的制造商或区域仓库 进行更换是 相当麻烦和不便的 ，特别是当 装置的 有 关部分已损坏，在偏远的工作地点 和 在世界各地往往 得 不到理想的通讯和交通联系。 因此，有必要对散装物料运输和储存 装置 ，可以随时用于串联安排既前沿阵地或后面的位置，以减少需要设计和制造两个不同的船只，以满足守则适用于压力容器，如以及维持和仓储大宗物资的船只和相关组件设计和建造专门针对特定地点的卡车机构，拖车，或其他移动平台。 概要发明 上述宗旨和需要履行的披露散料运输设备。该仪器包括一个移动基站有至少一个，最好两个散装物料压力容器安装就此串联安排。这些船只有 torispherical顶端部分有一个顶点，一个 侧壁部分，以及部分 toriconical底部有尖。压力容器至少有一个密封舱开放位于 torispherical顶端部分和抵消从舱口的顶点顶端部分。压力容器进一步第一个港口和第二大港口位于顶端部分，其中每一项都是偏移的顶点顶端部分。第二大港口，位于对面的第一个港口方面的顶点顶端部分。压力容器是进一步提供至少一个卸货港位于底部部分。此外，压力容器提供进气道手段引入加压空气进入血管。运营商之间的平台插嘴至少有一个这样的对压力容器安排串联的关系。该平台定位在预选距离每个抵消舱口的开口，是在这样的接近抵消舱口开口每个压 力容器共同的平台，从而使运营商的运营商定位平台，以查看和获取内部的每个压力容器通过抵消舱口开放设在每艘船舶。 最好，履行港口的每个压力容器的同时安排抵消从尖锥形底部的一部分，并提供第二次卸货港位于对称和定位对面的首次放电，使每一个港口的船只安排的同时，以完全可与其他船只时，约 180 旋转的船只的垂直轴。 最好是，每个压力容器安排串联提供一个多元化的对称定位管道括号位于边缘的侧壁在预选地点。 最好是，每个压力容器安排串联提供手段，移动和互换确保每个压力容器的任何船只职位串联安排。 最好的排气管的手段 是提供 removably重视的港口之一，位于顶端部分每个配对船只和路由收敛和最终加入与毗邻的排气管是指在预选立场之间的每艘船舶上的预选一方有。此外，散装物料抽水管的手段，并提供连接到一个可移动的其余港口位于顶端部分每个配对船只和每个入口管材料是指路由收敛，并最终加入与毗邻的散装物料进管手段在预选位置上的每艘船舶预选一方有。此外提供的大量物质排放管意味着 removably附在一个卸货港口位于底部的部分船只和每个散装物料排放管手段路由一般平行移动基站的预选一方有。最后，是指采用加压空气，或天然气，到每个配对的船 只提供。 详细说明图 串联散装物料运输车 在谈到现在图。 1月 4日的图画，其中描绘了串联散装物料运输车 10体现了本发明。在谈到目前国际体操联合会。 1 ，这是一个右边鉴于卡车 10其中包括底盘 12 其中大部分材料压力容器 14A 及 14B 条和分离 16 removably 安装。船只14A及 14B条完全可与对方。这就是，船只 14A条可旋转 180 ，其垂直轴和安装的船只 14B条，而不需要修改，接受各种管道中显示图纸。同样，船只 14B条可旋转 180 ，其垂直轴和安装的船只 14A条没有修改。此外，大多数的各个组 成部分是互换和参考资料 A 和 B 主要指特定位置安装，即是否部分附属安装船只 14A 条提出，或后面安装船只 14B 条。如何实现这一互换性将会变得明显在随后详细描述图画。 船只 14 最好用钢建造的，由 torispherical上部，或头， 18 焊接 20 圆柱墙是焊接到 toriconical 头，或降低部分中， 22 。船只 14 最好的装配，达到或超过了美国机械工程师学会（美国机械工程师协会）锅炉及压力容器规范第八节司 1披露的发明是特别有用的公路运输的散装材料，如水泥，和气动运送大量物资进出船只 14 。船只 14 ，如图所示，每 个有能力的体积二 立方英尺，导致总容积的四 立方英尺的卡车。然而，数量和能力的船只可能会披露，以适应不同的特殊要求作出的卡车体现本发明。 压力容器 14 个安装在机箱的方式 12 裙子 24 这是最好焊接较低地区的锥 22 。裙 24日又是最好焊接钢角而这又是担保，以底盘 12紧固螺栓或其他手段。接入端口 25在选定的地点约裙子 5月 24日提供便利和服务越来越多的船只 14 。 压力容器 14还包括一个舱口开放 26抵消了舱口盖 28至关重要附在其后。哈奇26 日的最终地位，以便接近中心的底盘 12 ，也就是说，舱口 26A 及 26B 条相邻相互尊重的船只 14A及 14B条。取消派 30 ，重视上部 18 ，提供便捷的手段，同时附上一份葫芦或起重机安装和拆除时的船只 14日从底盘 12 。 压力容器一百十四顷最好用钢建造的，由 torispherical头，或上部， 118焊接圆柱墙 120是焊接到 toriconical头，或降低部分， 122 。船只一一四顷最好编造，达到或超过了美国机械工程师学会（美国机械工程师协会）锅炉及压力容器规范第八节司 1披露的发明是特别有用的公路运输的散装材料，如水泥，和气动运送大量物资进出船只 114 。船只 114 ，如表 所示，每一个有能力的体积三百三十立方英尺，导致总容积的六百六十立方英尺为拖车。然而，数量和能力的船只可能会披露，以适应不同的特殊要求作出拖车体现本发明。 1运作的发明 下面的讨论都适用，已披露的散装物料运输卡车和拖拉机，以及任何移动散料运输设备具有披露功能，操作时非常相似。 阿干散货材料装入船只 14 日经由抵消位于相邻的舱口。邻近的抵消舱口的披露发明现在能够负荷的船只都从重力美联储通过软管源，而无需复位卡车，拖车，或其他平台上的船只安装。此功能有可能导致重大的时间节省了运营商的卡车，拖拉机，或其他移动 平台体现了公开的发明相比，位于中心的孵化开口之前最先进的移动散料压力容器。 作为一种替代办法，以载入中船只 14和 114 ，通过各自的舱口开口 26和 126 ，压力容器可装气动在一个偏远的物质来源，或在井，通过多方面的散装物料进48 ，和 148 ，和相关的阀门和管道。当装载散装物料气动的船只，泉，位于上方的船只，以及相关的阀门和管道部分可以用来控制通风船只空气是流离失所者的船只在装载散装物料。 散装物料储存在压力容器可疏散单独或组合使用，通过卸货港口及相关manifolding 和管道的每艘船舶。大部分材料是 撤离的船只通过采用加压空气，或其他气体，到 14艘，或 114 ，通过进港分别为 33和 133 ，通过一个软管，线，或管道（未显示）和来自加压送风 9 （未显示） 。流量被疏散的材料控制，通过调整进气压力，如果需要，通过调整分离器 16 ，或 116 ，如果路由therethrough 。 具体配置和位置的运营商平台 80 ，和 180 ，配合中央位置的舱口的开口，管道，关，并 manifolding 正在集中路由和位于所示，与上文所述，为运营商提供常设的平台，获得各门的通风和控制空气供应，并获得两个舱口从位于平台。 尽管 披露的发明已被证明并说明对一辆卡车和一辆拖拉机拖车制定体现本发明，这将是显而易见的是，索赔发明不仅限于诸如，并修改和变化，可向索赔这一发明，背离精神和适用的范围。 由于这种形状的部分可能是困难和昂贵的形式，例如使用的上部和下部的部分船只数量是有不同的经济吸引力，并进一步提高了效益和优点本发明。 压力容器一百十四顷安装到机箱 102的方式越来越多派 124个，位于边缘的大约 114艘在最好四个地点和焊接情况。下部 124 顷最好螺栓，以底盘 102 ，以方便更换船只就此。 船只 114每个进一 步包括抵消舱口开放 126舱口盖了 128个至关重要所附。哈奇 126最终位置，以便直接向中心的底盘 102 ，也就是说，舱口 126A 和 126B 是邻近相互尊重的船只 114A 和 114B 。取消派 130 ，重视元首 118 ，提供便捷的手段，同时附上一份葫芦或起重机安装和拆除时，船只 114 从底盘 112 。港 132A 章，位于上方的压力容器头部 118A ，可作为进气道为引进大量的材料，或水泥，到船只 114A 。港 132B章，位于上方的压力容器头部 118B ，还担任了进气道为引进大量的材料，或水泥，到船 114B 。港口 132A章和 132B章是流畅连接到各自的管段 134a 和 138A和 134B和 138B的方式联系工会 136A章和 136B 和 140A 和 140B ，这是已知的最好 vitaulic夹内的艺术品。管 138A和 138B的流畅，加上阀节 142A和 142B ，分别是反过来连接管 146A和 146B分别。管 146A和 146B 是流畅连接到共同进了多方面的 148多种进气道 150 个，可作为一种手段，用于连接外部的大量材料，或水泥，供应气动输送这类材料到 114 艘，以代替通过舱口开口 126 。在谈到简要图。 7 ，这是一个最鉴于散装物料运输拖车显 示图。 5 图纸。入口附近的港口 132A 章和 132B 章是发泄港口 151A和 151B分别。发泄港口 151A和 151B的流畅与排气管 152A和 152B分别。排气管 152A和 152B两个收敛中旬向右侧的底盘 102 。在谈到现在图。 5和第 7条，其中可以看出，通风管道 152A和 152B加入到喷口港口 151A和 151B工会 168A条和168B ，分别是加入垂直面向发泄管道 154A 和 154B 工会 156A 和 156B ，分别是最能看到图。 1 。纵向通风管道 154A和 154B是流畅连接阀节 158A和 158B分别，而这又是连接 流畅发泄形 166 。第 158A 阀直接连接到喷口流 166 和阀 158B 连接到喷口 166多种方式肘节 162 。发泄了多方面的 164端口 166喷口出口可能会留下来的气氛或可能进一步管道连接不会显示在图纸。 应当指出的是，进港 132A章和 132B章，和发泄港口 151A和 151B服务双重职能不同的方向各自的船只在它们相关。为了说明这一点，顶端鉴于运输拖车 110图。 7 ，显示端口 132A章和 151A位于着大多数船只 114A 。如果该船旋转 180 ，放在后面最立场，即船 114B的方向和位置，是什么，以前港口 132A 章和 151A 将成为实际上，港口 151B 和 132B 章分别。这种对称性在港口的位置有助于理想的互换性船