2019高考英语-词汇(26)练习(含解析).doc

词汇（26）李仕才复习：1、核心单词2、重点短语3、写作句式4、我读我练（词汇应用、句式仿写）【单句单词语法填空】1 He must have sensed that I _(look)at him. He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly，“Why are you staring at me like that？” 答案：was looking题干中没有出现具体的时间状语，可以从意义上去把握。此句在意义上应该用进行时，又根据此句中的must have sensed和glanced at可知是过去进行时。句意：他一定感觉到我在看着他。他突然看向我然后轻声问道：“你为什么一直那样盯着我看？”2 I had a strong desire to reach in and play with the toy，but_(hold)back thankfully by the shop window. 答案：was held被动语态由“助动词be及物动词的过去分词”构成。被动语态的时态变化只改变be的形式，过去分词部分不变。hold back“阻隔，隐瞒”。句意：我非常想进去玩玩具，但是我幸好被橱窗阻隔了。根据句意，此句含有被动语态在里面，hold back要用被动语态。3(2015四川，4改编)More expressways_(build) in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy.答案：will be built根据题干中的时间状语soon可知，用将来时。expressways与build为被动关系，用被动语态。句意：四川不久将建设更多的高速公路以促进当地经济的发展。4(2015重庆，1改编)Is Peter coming？ No，he _(change) his mind after a phone call at the last minute.答案：changed句意：Peter来吗？没有，刚才接到一个电话后改变主意了。根据at the last minute发生在过去，故用一般过去时。5(2015重庆，13改编)In my hometown，there is always a harvest supper for the farmers after all the wheat _(be) cut. 答案：has been表示动作已经发生或完成用现在完成时。句意：在我的家乡，收麦过后农民会举行一个丰收晚宴。核心单词1.shallow adj.浅的；浅薄的2.sharpen v. 使锐利，削尖3.shelter n. 掩蔽处，躲避处4.shortcoming n. 缺点，短处5.sight n. 情景，风景；视力6.sightseeing n. 游览，观光7.sign n. 符号，标记8.signal n. 信号，暗号；手势9.significance n. 意义，含义；重要性10.silence n. 安静，沉默11.similar adj. 相似的，像12.simplify vt. 使简化，使简易13.sincerely adv. 真诚地；由衷地；诚恳地14.situation n. 形势，情况15.smooth adj. 光滑的；平坦的16.society n. 社会 17.species n. 物种18.specific adj. 明确的，具体的，独特的19.speech n. 演讲20.sponsor n. 赞助商；主办(单位)vt. 赞助；发起21.stable adj. 稳固的，牢固的22.stadium n. (露天)体育场23.standard n.& adj. 标准(的)24.starvation n. 饥饿； 饿死25.statement n. 声明，陈述重点短语1.out of place 不适当的out of sight 看不见out of control 失控out of date 过时out of order 出毛病out of patience 不耐烦；失去耐心out of question 没问题；毫无疑问out of work 失业out of touch 失去联系2.pick up 拾起；捡起；(用车)接人；学会；改善；增加(速度等)pick out 挑选出；分辨出【阅读理解】Career criminals begin their antisocial behavior during their toddler (学步的儿童) years and may go on with a life of crime if their behavior isnt challenged, scientists have discovered. While most children grow out of their bad behavior by adulthood, a study found those who had “callous unemotional (冷漠无情的) characteristics” could grow up to have problems with the law later in life. Behavior characteristics such as a lack of sympathy and lying in childhood could have an impact years on.Luke Hyde, assistant professor of psychology at the University of Michigan, said, “These are signs for parents and doctors to watch out for, as they may signal more than just the terrible twos.” He said, “Parents both take care of their child and provide their childs genes so its been difficult to know if were seeing that parenting causes callous unemotional behaviors, or if it is just a sign of the genes being passed to the child.”The research also discovered that strict parenting is linked to the development of antisocial behavior. Scientists looked at 561 families in an adoption study that examined biological mothers antisocial behavior. The scientists found children of antisocial mothers were also more likely to exhibit the same behavior characteristics, despite having limited or no touch with them as they were adopted as babies.“The really exciting take-home message from this study is that small, day-to-day positive interactions (互动) that parents have with their young children can make a huge difference in childrens development, said Leslie Leve, a professor at the University of Oregon who co-led the data collection.“Even when children have inherited (遗传) a very challenging set of behaviors, hearing good job or receiving encouragement can help protect them from developing serious problems coming from their inherited difficulties,” he added. The study, worked on by scientists from the University of Michigan, Penn State University and the University of Oregon has been published in the American Journal of Psychiatry. Researchers will follow the group of children through early adolescence to determine if these behaviors still continue to exist from the toddler years.1.Whats the main idea of the passage?A. Kids social behaviors are related to crime.B. Criminals begin their crimes during adolescence.C. Antisocial behaviors of kids could be on their way to a life of crime.D. Warmhearted kids are more likely to be criminals in the future.2.What conclusion might the scientists draw from the study?A. Antisocial behaviors might be inherited.B. The genes decide kids antisocial behaviors.C. Antisocial behaviors have nothing to do with crimes.D. Adopted babies surely have antisocial behaviors when they grow up.3.What can be inferred from the passage?A. Parenting is the main reason that causes kids antisocial behaviors.B. What causes career criminals to begin their crimes is their parents characteristics.C. Leslie Leve has a doubtful attitude to adoptive mothers active interactions with kids.D. Inherited antisocial behaviors of kids can be lightened by positive parenting.4.Why will researchers track kids process of growing?A. To make sure if kids behaviors will last.B. To make sure if praise will change kids.C. To determine if kids behaviors will be inherited.D. To determine if parents comfort will protect kids. 【文章大意】研究人员发现孩子的反社会行为有可能使他们走向犯罪的道路，积极的育儿方式可以减轻孩子的反社会行为。1.C 【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章内容，特别是第一段中的“Career criminals begin their antisocial behavior during their toddler years and may go on with a life of crime if their behavior isnt challenged, scientists have discovered.”可知，本文主要介绍了孩子们的反社会行为有可能使他们走向犯罪的道路，故C项正确。3.D 【解析】推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Even when children have inherited (遗传) a very challenging set of behaviors, hearing good job or receiving encouragement can help protect them from developing serious problems coming from their inherited difficulties”可知，积极的育儿教育可以减轻孩子遗传的反社会行为，故D项正确。4.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Researchers will follow the group of children through early adolescence to determine if these behaviors still continue to exist from the toddler years. ”可知，研究人员追踪孩子的成长过程是为了弄清楚孩子的反社会行为是否会持续下去，故A项正确。写作句式非谓语动词作主语、宾语和表语1.(2016天津高考书面表达)Doing the same sports on the playground gives us the opportunity to promote our friendship.在操场上做同样的体育活动给我们提供了促进友谊的机会。2.(2014全国卷书面表达)I am a student in China and I plan to go to Britain to attend a summer school during the vacation.我是一名中国学生，计划暑假期间去英国一个暑期学校学习。3.(2014陕西高考书面表达)The purpose of this programme is to develop our interest in English learning and practical abilities in listening and speaking.这个节目的目的是培养我们的英语学习兴趣，练习听、说能力。我读我练.词汇应用 1.Not only did he point out my shortcomings(缺点), but he also helped me to overcome them.2.There is no doubt that more and more people know that the cultural relics are of great significance(意义) and join in protecting them.3.She raised her finger to her lips as a sign for silence(silent).4.After three days without food, the men were close to starvation (starve).5.It makes sense to work on the problem before it gets out_of_control(失去控制).6.Its surprising that your brother picked_up(偶然学会) Russian so quicklyhe hasnt lived there very long.句式仿写1.拥有朋友意味着你有谈话的人所以你不会感到孤独和沮丧。Having_friends_means_that_you_can_have_someone_to_talk_to so that you dont feel lonely and depressed.2.我想邀请你下周六和我们一起去附近的敬老院过重阳节。(2015全国卷书面表达)Id like to_invite_you_to_join_us_for_a_visit_to the nearby nursing home next Saturday for the Double Ninth Festival.3.依我看来，当今对你来说最重要的职责是学知识，学会如何处理家中和学校中出现的不同困难。In my opinion, the most important duty for you today is to_learn_knowledge_and_learn_how_to_deal_with_different_difficulties at home and at school.【练习】I have met many teachers since I begin my schooling.Of all my teachers，Mrs.Green is the one who impresses me most.Though she is 50，she looks very young at her age.Comparing with other teachers，Mrs.Green pays more attention to her way of teaching.She tries various ways to make her class lively and interestingly.In her opinion，we will not only know “what” but also understand “why”. So instead of giving us answer immediately，she encourages us to think carefully every time when she puts forward questions.With her help, we have learned how to analyze and settled problems.What the amazing world of “why” she leads us! She is such a learned person that we all admire him very much.【答案】I have met many teachers since I my schooling.Of all my teachers，Mrs.Green is the one who impresses me most.Though she is 50，she looks very young her age. with other teachers，Mrs.Green pays more attention to her way of teaching.She tries various ways to make her class lively and .In her opinion，we will not only know “what” but also understand “why”. So instead of giving us immediately，she encourages us to think carefully every time she puts forward questions.With her help, we have learned how to analyze and problems.What amazing world of “why” she leads us ! She is such a learned person that we all admire very much.F(2017安徽省百所重点高中第二次模拟)Its not the people