2019届高三英语上学期第五次质量检测(1月)试卷(含解析).doc

2019届高三英语上学期第五次质量检测(1月)试卷(含解析)第I卷本试卷分为第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分。时间：100分钟，分数：120分第一部分 阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。Imagine youve had a fight with your best friend.Its a stupid fight，something you will both get over.But right now you are upset.When you walk in the door，your mum asks whats wrong.How are you mostly likely to respond? Have a long，forting talk about it with her.Or head to the fridge for the ice cream.But can that really help you feel betteror just make you feel sickeningly full?Emotional eating is when people use food as a way to deal with feelings instead of to satisfy hunger.Weve all been there，finishing a whole bag of chips or eating cookie after cookie while preparing for a ing exam.But when done a lotespecially without realizing itemotional eating can affect weight，health，and wellbeing.One of the biggest beliefs about emotional eating is that its caused by negative feelings.Yes，people often turn to food when theyre stressed out，lonely，sad，anxious，or bored.Nevertheless，emotional eating can be linked to positive feelings too，like the romance of sharing dessert on Valentines Day or the celebration of a holiday feast.More often，though，its the countless little daily stresses that cause someone to seek fort or relaxation in food.We all have our own fort foods.Amazingly，they may vary according to moods and sex.One study found that happy people seem to want to eat things like pizza，while sad people prefer ice cream and cookies.Bored people desire salty，fragile things，like chips.Girls go for chocolate and ice cream.This brings up a curious question: Does no one take fort in carrots and cabbages？Researchers are looking into that，too.What theyre finding is that highfat foods，like ice cream，may activate certain chemicals in the body that create a sense of contentment and fulfillment，which may actually make you reach for these foods again when feeling upset.Were all emotional eaters to some extent.But for some people，emotional eating can be a real problem，causing serious problems such as weight gain.Managing emotional eating means finding other ways to deal with the situations and feelings that make someone turn to food.For example，do you e home from school each day and automatically head to the kitchen? Stop and ask yourself，“Am I really hungry？” Are you having difficulty concentrating? If these signs point to hunger，choose something light and healthy to take the edge off until dinner.1. The first two paragraphs are designed to _A. offer advice on how to fort an annoyed childB. explain the function of eating an ice creamC. put forward the idea of emotional eatingD. stress the importance of friendship2. People turn to emotional eating because _A. they suffer from weight problemsB. they want to seek fort or relaxationC. they have a strong desire for foodD. they benefit a lot from eating3. Which of the following may not serve as fort food?A. Cookies. B. Carrots.C. Chips. D. Pizzas.4. Whats the main idea of the last paragraph?A. Eat whenever you cant concentrate.B. It is natural to feel hungry after school.C. Its hard to tell physical hunger from mental hunger.D. There are ways to break the cycle of emotional eating.【答案】1. C 2. B 3. B 4. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文，介绍了“情绪饮食”这个概念，并对其进行了分析。【1题详解】推理判断题。第一段介绍了一个“情绪饮食”的例子。由第二段第一句 “Emotional eating is when people use food as a way to deal with feelings instead of to satisfy hunger” 可知，第二段开始介绍“情绪饮食”这个概念。可见第一、二段旨在引入“情绪饮食”这一话题。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句 “More often, though, its the countless little daily stresses that cause someone to seek fort or relaxation in food” 可知，多数情况下，人们的情绪饮食是源于对自身减压的需要，故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。cookies 意为“饼干”，chips 意为“薯条”， pizzas 意为“披萨”，都是富含脂肪的食物，carrots 意为“胡萝卜”几乎不含脂肪。根据第五段中的第三句 “What theyre finding is that high-fat foods, like ice cream, may activate certain chemicals in the body that create a sense of contentment and fulfillment, which may actually make you reach for these foods again when feeling upset.” 可知，吃含有高脂肪的食物才有一定的满足感。故选B。【4题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的首句，即主题句 “Managing emotional eating means finding other ways to deal with the situations and feelings that make someone turn to food.” 可知，控制情感饮食就是要找到一些方法处理好各种情形和情绪，让人想吃东西，即本段主要介绍打破 emotional eating 的方法，故选D。【点睛】主旨大意题一般包括：短文标题、主题大意或段落大意等。此题型要求考生在理解文章后归纳文章要点，概括中心思想。本篇文章中的第4小题就是考查的段落大意。概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主题句，若无明显主题句，就通过关键词句来概括，如议论文中寻找表达作者观点态度的词句，记叙文寻找概括情节和中心的动词或反映人物特点的形容词。在这个题中，开头的首句就是本段的主题句，所以根据主题句就可以得出答案。BIn New York，Ma witnessed the Alibaba Group opening on the New York stock exchange with the largest initial public offering (IPO，新股发行) in American history.“Alibaba，the worlds largest Internet merce pany makes China equal to the US in the rapidly increasing global petition for technological innovation (创新) and economic transformation，” mented the South China Morning Post.It has also made Ma Chinas richest man with a fortune of around $25 billion (153 billion yuan)，reported Reuters.Its reported that Mas ragstoriches journey is just as spectacular as his Internet empire.Ma failed the national college entrance exams twice before he was finally in Hangzhou Normal University on his third attempt and failed in finding a suitable job several times.Aslo，Mr Ma is a big believer in perseverance，which was proved in his English study experience.However，it was his vision and goals that launched his career.During a short trip to the US as an interpreter in 1995，Ma first experienced the Internet.He believed in the Internets business potential when few other Chinese people did.He started Alibaba in his Hangzhou apartment，with 17 friends and $60，000 of funds.At the time，when emerce was unheard of in China，“I_called_myself_a_blind_man_riding_on_the_back_of_blind_tigers，” he once said，according to The Guardian.His unusual ideas earned him the nickname “Crazy Jack Ma”Indeed，Ma is different.Although he is very thin and about 160cm tall，“Ma is yet animated and forceful，” said The Guardian.He is funny，creative，and a pelling (引人注目的) speaker.Ma told Time magazine that he was “old for the Internet”He started to slow down and looked around.According to The Wall Street Journal，Ma plans to open a tai chi club with the actor Jet Li，build an entrepreneur (企业家) university in Hangzhou and continue to work on several environmental projects.5. What made him into emerce industry?A. His foresight and ambitions. B. His English learning experience.C. His belief in perseverance. D. His 17 friends and$60，000 funds.6. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 5 mean?A. Ma is a blind man riding on a blind tiger. B. Ma knew little about emerce.C. Ma had no confidence in his business future. D. Ma had not enough money at that time.7. Whats the personality of Ma Yun according to the passage?A. Determined and creative. B. Funny and petitive.C. Rich and different. D. Attractive and believable.8. Whats the best title of the passage?A. The development of Alibaba Group B. Ma Yuns personal lifeC. Emerce in China D. Ma Yuns crazy success【答案】5. A 6. B 7. A 8. D【解析】本文是人物介绍。介绍了阿里巴巴的创始人马云，是他的远见卓识和创造力促进了他的职业生涯，他的不寻常的想法为他赢得了绰号疯狂的马云。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段However，it was his vision and goals that launched his career可知正是他的远见和目标推动了他的职业生涯。故选A。【6题详解】句意猜测题。根据第五段第四句At the time，when e-merce was unheard of in China可知在这个时候，e-merce在中国还没有被听到过。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的He is funny，creative，and a pelling （引人注目的） speaker可知他是一位风趣的、有创造力的并引人注目的演讲者。另根据Also， Mr Ma is a big believer in perseverance， which was proved in his English study experience.可知他有决心和毅力，故选A。【8题详解】主旨大意题。根据倒数第三段最后一句His unusual ideas earned him the nickname Crazy Jack Ma可知他的不寻常的想法为他赢得了绰号疯狂的马云。故选D。CGuests arriving at the Aloft Hotel in Manhattan or one in Silicon Valley will soon be able to do something hotels have dreamed about offering for years: walk past the check-in desk and enter their rooms by using a smartphone as a room key. The boutique hotel brand from Starwood to Hotels & Resorts Worldwide Inc. plans to offer this feature at two hotels, in the Harle neighborhood and in Cupertino, Calif, before the end of the quarter.Starwood officials are hoping this will be one of the biggest technological changes in the industry since free Wi-Fi. We believe this will bee the new standard for how people will want to enter a hotel. says Frits van Passchen, Starwoods CEO. It may be a novelty at first,but we think it will bee table stakes for managing a hotel.Not everyone is so sure. Past attempts to use technology to streamline the check-in process have had mixed results. Robert Habeeb, president of the First Hospitality Group, which is the owner of 55 hotels in the U.S, says he pulled out check-in kiosks at two of his Holiday Inn hotels after finding that most guests ignored them. He found that many travelers will sacrifice speed or ease to talk with a staff member and ensure their room has the right view or location, or to try for an upgrade. Other guests may still want to be greeted when they arrive.Hotels have never been known for being in the forefront of technology. The industry is often a delay, in part because many hotels are owned and managed by separate panies, making investments in technology more plicated. Nevertheless, many hotel operators have been searching for ways to remove the bottlenecks that can form at a hotels front desk. The delays are the bane(祸根）of many a road warriors travel experience. “Everybody has to check in, but we are all doing it pretty much the same way we were 100 years ago, ”says Christopher Nassetta, chief executive officer for Hilton Worldwide holdings Inc.“It s something we are seriously addressing.Yet it is still not clear that virtual keys will do better than previous attempts to beat traditional check-ins. An effort several years ago to allow guests to enter rooms with the magnetic strip on their credit cards never became popular . Guests worried about security and were unwilling to give their kids credit cards instead of room keys.9. According to the first two paragraphs, which of the following is NOT true?A. Aloft of Hotel in Manhattan will allow guests to use a smartphone as a room keyB. Hotel officials hope the new room key will be a great change in hotel industry.C. All Starwood Hotels plan to offer the new room key before the end of the quarter.D. The new room key may bee a new standard of choosing a hotel10. The word streamline(Para. 3) is closest in meaning to _.A. strengthen B. simplifyC. change D. unify11. Christopher Nassetta would most likely agree that _.A. its a good idea to cancel check-inB. the management of hotel needs to be improvedC. the way of check-in needs to be changedD. its time to make use of technology in hotel industry12. From the text we can see that the writer thinks the future of the new room key is _.A. optimistic B. uncertainC. bright D. Negative【答案】9. C 10. B 11. C 12. B【解析】这是一篇说明文，在曼哈顿和硅谷的两家酒店将尝试用智能手机代替房间钥匙进入房间，关于这一做法人们有不同的看法。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的The boutique hotel brand from Starwood toHotels & Resorts Worldwide Inc. plans to offer this feature at two hotels, in the Harle neighborhood and in Cupertino, Calif, before the end of the quarter.可知，在本季度之前Starwood打算在其中两家酒店进行尝试，并不是所有的酒店，所以C选项不对，故选C。【10题详解】词义猜测题。根据上下文可知，前台的登记使入住的程序非常复杂，而这次用智能手机代替房间钥匙以及以前的尝试都是使这个程序简化，因此推断划线词的意思为“简化”。故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Everybody has to check in, but we are all doing it pretty much the same way we were 100 years ago, ”says Christopher Nassetta, chief executive officer for Hilton Worldwide holdings Inc.“It s something we are seriously addressing.” 希尔顿全球控股公司的首席执行官克里斯托弗纳塞塔说:“每个人都必须登记入住，但我们现在的做法和100年前差不多。这是我们正在认真解决的问题。”由此可以推断，他认为现在的登记方式必须要做出改变了，故选C。【12题详解】观点态度题。根据最后一段中的Yet it is still not clear that virtual keys will do better than previous attempts to beat traditional check-ins. 可知，目前还不清楚虚拟秘钥是否会比以前击败传统登记的尝试做得更好。所以作者对虚拟秘钥是否会成功是不确定的，故选B。DTraditionally，across the world，boys and girls attend a mixed school，where they study together.But boys schools are the perfect place to teach young men to express their emotions and involve them in activities such as art，dance and music.Boys at singlesex schools were said to be more likely to get involved in cultural and artistic activities that helped develop their emotional expressiveness，rather than feeling they had to correspond to(和相符) the “boy code” of hiding their emotions to be a “real man”The findings of the study go against received wisdom that boys do better when taught alongside girls.Tony Little，headmaster of Eton，warned that boys were being failed by the British education system because it had bee too focused on girls.He criticized teachers for failing to recognize that boys are actually more emotional than girls.The research argued that boys often perform badly in mixed schools because they bee discouraged when girls do better earlier in speaking and reading skills.But in singlesex schools teachers can tailor lessons to boys learning style，letting them move around the classroom and getting them to pete in teams to prevent boredom，wrote the studys author，Abigail James，of the University of Virginia.Teachers could encourage boys to enjoy reading and writing with “boyfocused” approaches such as themes and characters that appeal to them.Because boys generally have more acute vision，learn best through touch，and are physically more active，they need to be given “handson” lessons where they are allowed to walk around.“Boys in mixed schools view classical music as feminine (女性的) and prefer the modern genre (类型) in which violence and sexism are major themes，” James wrote.Singlesex education also made it less likely that boys would feel that they had to be “masterful and in charge” in relationships. “In mixed schools，boys feel forced to act like men before they understand themselves well enough to know what that means，” the study reported.13. The author believes that a singlesex school would _A. encourage boys to express their emotions more freelyB. force boys to hide their emotions to be “real men”C. help boys to be more petitive in schoolsD. naturally strengthen boys traditional image of a man14. According to Abigail James，one of the advantages of singlesex schools is that _A. boys can choose to learn whatever they are interested inB. boys can focus on their lessons without being distractedC. teaching can be tailored to suit the characteristics of boysD. teaching can be designed to promote boys team spirit15. What does the underlined word “acute” in Paragraph 7 mean?A. lovely. B. serious.C. sharp. D. dull.【答案】13. A 14. C 15. C【解析】本文是一篇科教类阅读，主要介绍了单性学校对于男孩子的利与弊【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段的helped develop their emotional expressiveness，rather than feeling they had to correspond to （和相符） the boy code of hiding their emotions to be a real man可知，有助于促进他们的情感表达，而不是感觉为了成为真正男子汉而不得不与隐藏情感的“身体密码”相符。可知男孩学校鼓励他们更加自由地表达自我的情感，故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第六段的But in single-sex schools teachers can tailor lessons to boys learning style，letting them可知，在单性学校老师能量身定制男孩的学习风格，故选C。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的learn best through touch，and are physically more active，和Boys in mixed schools view classical music as feminine （女性的）可知，混合学校里的男孩子将古典音乐视作女性的，由此推断男孩的视觉通常会更加敏锐，故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。If youre leading a group of people towards success，you must learn how to motivate othersTry one or more of the following ways of motivating peopleTreat people kindlyAs a leader，you need to treat others helping you with the utmost respect and kindness_16_ You might not know it，but its a big motivation booster when people are treated rightPeople enjoy knowing when theyre doing a good job and enjoy working with people that treat them with kindness_17_ When people are fully responsible，theyll be more likely to find the motivation to plete the taskThis is because，as a part of a group，they may not feel like their hard work matters，but when theyre responsible it certainly mattersThey also know that they make a difference to the success of the projectBe a good listenerNo one likes to feel like they dont matterHaving the final say doesnt mean that you neednt get any help with important decision making. _18_ Always keep an open ear and youll be motivating your team to e up with good solutions and creative ideasSet realistic goalsThink long and hard about how your goal setting abilities can teach you to motivate othersYou dont want to set goals that are too easyYour team might reach them quickly but they wont be pushed to bee the best they can be_19_Your team will quickly lose motivation because theyll never get the feeling of having met their goalsGet to know your peopleKeep lines of munication open and get to know your team by paying attention to their wants，needs，strengths and weaknesses_20_ So theyll certainly be more motivated to work hard for somebody that cares about themAOffer a nice clean working environmentBGive people responsibilityCPeople enjoy feeling like theyre making a differenceDPeople are smart and they will know when they have a leader that cares and a leader that doesntEHand out praise when its necessaryFA trustworthy neighbor also provides a safe place to run in case of a fireGMeanwhile，you dont want to set goals that are impossible to achieve，either【答案】16. E 17. B 18. C 19. G 20. D【解析】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了作为领导，激励他人努力工作和学习的五条实用的建议。【16题详解】考查上下文联系和语境理解。根据本段最后一句People enjoy knowing that theyre doing a good job and enjoy working with people that treat them with kindness可知人们喜欢知道他们表现很好，也就是说喜欢受到表扬，故E项Hand out praise when its necessary必要的时候表扬别人，符合上下文语境。故选E。【17题详解】考查上下文联系和语境理解。