七年级英语上Unit610鲁教版.doc

七年级英语（上） Unit 6-10鲁教版【本讲教育信息】一、教学内容：（一）重点单词（二）重点词组（三）重点句型二、知识总结与归纳（一）重点单词1. take vt. (took, taken, taking) 1)拿，取，抓，握 I want to take some books to the classroom. 2) 带 My father took me to the park yesterday. 3) 吃；喝；服用 take medicine take tea 4) 拿走，携带 Who took my book? 5) 花费（时间，劳力） I took half a year to finish the work. 6) 乘用，搭（交通工具） I took a train to Beijing last week. 反义词：give相关搭配 take (good) care of 保管；保护；照看；照料 take exercise 做练习 take off 脱下，起飞 take a walk 散步 take a rest 休息 take a look 看一下 take a bath 洗个澡 take away 拿走 take out 取出 take the train ( a boat, a bus) 坐火车（船；公共汽车） take ones time 不急；慢慢干 take turns 替换；轮流固定句式 It takes sb. some time to do It took me a month to finish the work. 练习 1) _ TV _ children a lot of time. A. Watch, takes B. Watching, take C. Watching, takes D. To watch, take2) These books mustnt _ the library. A. take away B. be take off C. be taken out of D. be taken away of 2. hundred num. 当hundred, thousand, million等前面有具体的数字修饰时，这时既不加s，后面也不跟介词of。There are about five hundred students in his school. Ten times ten is one hundred. 注意hundreds of的意思是“数以百计的，成百上千的”，类似的短语还有：thousands of, millions of。练习 Our summer holiday is coming. Two _ the students in our school will go to the beach. A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundred of D. hundreds of 3. far adj. & adv. (farther, farthest; further, furthest) 遥远的；远的；遥远地 He comes from a far country. They didnt live far from us. An elephant is far larger than a horse. (far 作副词，通常修饰比较级的形容词或副词，也可以修饰介词短语，如far better; far below the ordinary level ) Not far behind her was Lin Tao. 相关搭配 far away 很远，遥远 as far as 像一样远；远到 by far到目前为止 far from 很远；遥远 so far as 就而言 so far 到目前为止 辨析 1) farther & further 当表示地点、方向和距离的“更远”时，两者均可使用；但在表示程度“更多、进一步”时，则用further而不要farther. The work must be further done next time. We cant go any farther without a rest. 2) faraway & far awayfaraway是形容词, 但不用作表语，一般用作定语，置于所修饰的名词前；far away既是形容词，又是副词。作形容词用时，可作后置定语或表语；作副词时，可作状语。 His girlfriend works in a town far away. = His girlfriend works in a faraway town. 练习 1) Many more houses have been built for teachers in our school _. A. so far B. from now on C. last year D. two years ago2) - _ is the museum from here? - Its about one kilometer away. A. How long B. How far C. How much D. How many3) Lin Tao jumped _ in the long jump in the school sports meeting. A. far B. farther C. farthest D. quite far4. other 1）adj. “另外的，其他的”，其后常接名词单数或复数。 Put the apple in your other hand. Kate is out, but the other students are reading in the classroom. 2) pron. （两者之中）另一个人（或物）；（复数）（三者以上）其余的人，另外的人 I have two elder sisters. One is a nurse and the other is a doctor. 注意 同类事物之间进行比较时，要注意any与other搭配使用(有时也可用all与other搭配使用)，常用any other来表达。 请翻译：东京比日本其他任何一个城市都大。 Tokyo is larger than any other city in Japan. 或：Tokyo is larger than all the other cities in Japan. Tokyo is larger than any of the other cities in Japan. 如果两者之间的比较不属于同一范畴，则不用other 进行修饰： 请翻译：中国比非洲的任何一个国家都大。 China is larger than any country in Africa. 相关搭配each other 彼此 the other day 在不久以前 on the other hand 另一方面 练习 1) He always think of _ more than himself. A. other B. others C. the other D. the others2) The Whites have visited two famous cities. One is London and _ is New York. A. another B. other C. others D. the other3) Jack and Kate have come back, but _ students in the class arent here yet. A. the other B. others C. another D. the others5. ill adj. (worse, worst) 生病的，有病的，不健康的 习惯上只用作表语，不用作定语。 His mother has been ill in bed for two days. 相关搭配 be ill 有病（表状态） be ill in bed 卧病在床 fall/ get ill 得病（表动作）拓展速记 illness n. 病辨析 ill & sick ill只作表语，作定语意为“坏的”。sick既可作表语，也可作定语。如： Most of the sick people were very old. He is taking care of the sick child. She didnt come to school yesterday because she was ill. 6. spend vt. (spent, spent) 1)花（钱），花费 She spent far too much on her clothes. 2) 度过，花费（时间） I spend an hour on my homework. 相关搭配 spend on sth. 在方面花去 spend（in） doing sth. 在方面花去 区别spend 与cost 都可用来表示花费金钱或时间。spend的主语是人，而cost的主语是物。 练习 1) She _ 30 dollars on the coat. A. took B. spent C. cost D. paid2) They _ their times _ their lessons in class. A. spent; cost B. lost, to study C. spent, in having D. take, to studying7. anything pron. 任何事，任何东西 常用于疑问句、否定句、条件从句中，或与含有疑问否定意义的词连用。 Can I do anything for you? You mustnt eat anything until you see the doctor. 练习 1) - If theres _ I can do for you, please tell me. - Thanks, Jack. _ wrong with me. I just want to sleep. A. something, Something B. anything, Nothing C. anything, Something D. something, Nothing2) Is there _ in todays newspaper? A. anything interesting B. interesting anything C. something interesting D. interesting something8. expensive adj. 昂贵的 （反义词cheap） expensive 的英文释义为：costing a lot of money，因此不与cost, price等词连用。 This book is too expensive for me. Its too expensive for me to buy. The thief broke into the shop and stole something expensive. expensive指商品“贵”，如果要表示价格“高”，不能用expensive，要用high；如果要表示价格“低”，要用low. The price of the watch is too high for me. (对)The price of the watch is too expensive for me. (错)练习 1）Of the two pencil-boxes, the boy chose _ one. A. less expensive B. the least expensive C. the less expensive D. the most expensive2) Travelling by air is _ (expensive) than by train. 9. feel vt. & vi. (felt, felt, feeling) feel可跟复合结构，其中的宾语补足语可以是不带to的不定式、现在分词、过去分词、形容词或名词等。1）感觉、感到I feel sad to hear the bad news. I feel the floor move (moving). 2) 摸，感知 Blind persons can often recognize objects by feeling them. 注意feel用作系动词时，不能使用被动形式，后面应接形容词。 The silk feels very soft. 不定式to be作feel的宾语补足语时，要带to. They all felt the plan to be important. 拓展速记 feeling n. 感情；知觉相关搭配 feel like doing sth. 想要做某事 feel / be sorry for 同情练习 1) The teacher feels _ for what he has done. A. angry B. angrily C. happy D. exciting 2) - Are you feeling _? - Yes, Im fine now. A. good B. better C. any well D. little better3) He doesnt feel like _ anything today. A. to eat B. eating C. eat D. eats4) Cotton _ nice and soft. A. is felt B. is feeling C. feel D. feels10. decide vt. & vi. 决定、决心 They have decided about it. She decided not to accept his invitation. You must decide what to do with her. Ive decided how to do it. 拓展速记 decision n. 决定 练习 1）The students of Class Four will spend their summer holiday in Guilin, but we havent decided _. A. what to buy B. where to go C. how to go D. which to choose2) When and where to build the new factory _ yet. A. is not decided B. are not decided C. has not decided D. have not decided3) There are so many kinds of radios in the shop. I cant decide _. A. to buy what B. to buy which C. what to buy D. which to buy11. mind mind作动词“介意”解时，后面只能跟v-ing形式作宾语，而且常用于疑问句、否定句和条件句中，不用于肯定句。1) vt. & vi. 介意、反对、注意Do you mind my opening the door?2) n. C 想法、意见、愿望 An idea has just come into my mind. 注意 “Do you mind / Would you mind ?”后接动名词或从句，表示“你好吗？”或“你介意吗？”，相当于 “Will you please+动词原形?”。当不反对或不介意时，其答语常用“Not at all. / Certainly not. / Of course not. ” 若反对或介意时，其答语常用 “Im sorry, but I do. / Youd better not. ”等。- Would you mind if I smoke here?- No, please do. / Not at all. / Certainly not. / Of course not. 相关搭配 change ones mind 改变主意 in ones mind 心里想着 make up ones mind 下决心 never mind 没关系练习 1) I am feeling cold. Would you mind _ the window?A. open B. close C. opening D. closing2) - Do you mind if I open the door? _. A. No, of course not B. Yes, please C. Yes, you can D. No, you cant open it. 3) Ive _(决定)to study math by myself. 12. agree vt. &vi. (agreed, agreed) 一般用作不及物动词，可接名词、代词、不定式或从句作宾语，但不能接动名词。 They will never agree. Do you agree to start early? I agree that this article is worth reading. I asked him to help me and he agreed. 拓展速记 agreement n. 同意；一致；协议 disagree v. 不同意相关搭配 agree with sb. / what sb. says 同意某人意见；与一致；（气候、食物等）对某人合适（或适应） agree to sth. 同意（意见、计划、安排、办法等） agree on sth. 就某事达成协议 agree to do sth. 同意做某事辨析 agree with, agree to & agree on 三者皆表示“同意”，但后面所接的宾语不同。 * agree with 后接sb. 或what从句。 I quite agree with her. Do you agree with what he said just now? The climate here doesnt agree with me. * agree to后接表示建议、计划、安排之类的词。 Most of us have agreed to his plan. He has agreed to our suggestion about the holiday. *agree on是就某事达成协议，主语通常是复数名词或单位。 They couldnt agree on the building of a new factory last month. 注意agree 后可跟不定式，但不能跟不定式的复合结构，即不能说 “agree sb. to do sth. ”练习 1）After a short time the program was _. A. agreed on B. promised C. answered D. passing2) I think teachers are the most hardworking people. Do you _ me? A. go on with B. catch up with C. agree with D. laugh at13. show 1) v. (showed, showed, shown) A. 给看；出示：Show your tickets, please. B. 指示；引导：Show him how to do the job. C. 说明；显示：This pictures shows how the machine works. D. 展出；放映：This film will be shown in our school. 2) n. C 展览、演出 I have seen some good shows lately. 相关搭配 (be) on show 展出 show sb. around / round 带领某人参观 show sb. out (in) 令某人出去（进来） 注意 show 可接双宾语，show sb. sth. 或show sth. to sb. 。当直接宾语是代词时，应该将该代词置于间接宾语前。 Show it to your classmates. show常跟带how/ what的不定式的复合结构，表示“（通过示范）教，告知”。He showed me how to use this computer. show sb. around some place “带领某人参观某地”：She showed us around the school campus. 练习 1) He showed me _ his house. A. / B. around C. off D. A and B2) The machine will be _. A. on show B. at show C. in show D. of show14. put vt. (put, put, putting) 1）放，摆: Can I put my book here? 2) 提出：Who put the question? 3) 翻译：Put this sentence into Chinese. 注意 put是非延续性动词，其肯定式不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。 I put the book on the desk for an hour. (错) I put the book on the desk an hour ago. (对)相关搭配put on 穿上 put up 举起；抬起 put away 把放好 put together 把放在一起；把加起来 put into 把放进；把译成练习 1) _ on your coat. Its cold outside. A. Put B. Set C. Place D. Dress2) You should have some money _ for old age. A. put away B. put on C. put into D. dressed15. elseelse用作形容词时只能修饰不定代词someone, somebody, something, anyone, anybody, anything, everyone, everybody, everything, nobody, no one, nothing, much, little, few等，疑问词what, who以及副词somewhere, anywhere等，不能修饰名词。1) adj. 别的，其他的Do you have anything else to say?What else would you like?Anybody else can do it? 2) adv. 另外； 其他（常与疑问副词连用） Where else did you go? How else can I do it?注意 当else连同它的修饰词需用所有格时，s加在else之后。 Who else can it be? / Who elses can it be? Its not mine. It must be somebody elses. else不能用在which后面，即不说which else，要说what else. What else do you want?练习 1）_ will you go this summer? A. Where other B. Other where C. Where else D. Else where2) - Mike is the fattest in his family. - Yes. He is fatter than _ in his family. A. anyone B. anyone else C. other students D. any other students3) Roses handwriting is better than _. A. anyone else B. anyones else C. anyones D. anyone elses(二)重点词组1. how far2. depend on3. by boat4. What about?/ How about?5. have to（三）重点句型 1. It is (was) time to do sth. = It is time for sth. Its time to go to bed. = Its time for bed. Its time to have dinner = Its time for dinner. 如果要表示：该某人做某事了，应在to的前面加上for sb. Its time for children to go to bed. Its time for us to have dinner. = Its time for dinner. 2. 祈使句 祈使句表示请求、命令、叮嘱、号召等，谓语用动词原形A. 普通祈使句的否定形式以 do not或never引导Dont be careless!Never do that again!B. let的宾语是第一人称时，否定式为宾语后面加not. let的宾语是第三人称时，否定式为let前加dont. Lets not waste time. Dont let them make any noise. C. 祈使句的主语you通常不表示出来，但是，如果要特别强调对方或表达某种情绪时，可以加主语或称呼语。You be quiet! Dont you be late again. D. 祈使句中的“please”可在句首，也可在句末。【典型例题】根据自己家乡一年四季的天气情况写（60词）一篇作文。参考答案My hometown is in Taian. There are four seasons in a year there. In spring , its very warm. Sometimes its sunny but sometimes its windy. In summer, its very hot there. We can swim in the river. In autumn, its very cool. Its harvest time for the farmers. We have a lot of sunshine. In winter, its very cold. Sometimes its snowy. We have to wear warm clothes. I like the weather in my hometown. 【模拟试题】（答题时间：15分钟）一、单项选择( ) 1. When did the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games start? _ August 8, 2008. A. In B. At C. On D. During( ) 2. Whats the matter?_. A. I have got a cold B. I have a pen C. I dont think so D. It looks well( ) 3. How are you going to the museum, _ bus or _ foot?A. on; on B. by; on C. on; by D. by; by( ) 4. Mrs Green eats _ meat, and she is _ heavy. A. too many; too much B. too much; too much C. much too; too many D. too much; much too ( ) 5. _ ? He is tall and thin. A. What would your father like B. What does your brother like C. What does your brother look like D. How is your brother?( ) 6. Dont make any noise(吵闹). Father in the bedroom. A. slept B. sleeps C. is sleeping D. sleep( ) 7. _ do you see your uncle? Quite often. A. How long B. How far C. How often D. What time( ) 8. Peter, do you have to tell us? No. Thats all. A. anything else B. else anything C. something else D. else something( ) 9. Please _ look out of the window. Look at the blackboard. A. no B. dont C. never D. not( ) 10. Li Ming, thank you very much me with my math. Youre welcome. A. to help B. of helping C. for helping D. at helping( ) 11. They had great fun Beijing last week. A. visited B. to visit C. visiting D. of visiting( ) 12. He often to school at 7:00, but this morning he to school at 8:00. A. goes; goes B. goes; went C. went; goes D. go, goes ( ) 13. Everyone here her, but nobody her. A. know; like B. knows; like C. knows, likes D. knowing, liking( ) 14. There are lots of people their vacation here on the beach. A. spend B. spendingC. to spend D. spends( )15. Reading English storybooks is a good way of _ English. A. to learn