2011年全国大学生英语竞赛C级冲刺模拟试题及详解.doc

2011年全国大学生英语竞赛C级冲刺模拟试题及详解Part Listening Comprehension (25 minutes, 30marks)（略）Part Vocabulary and Structure (10 minutes, 15 points)Directions: There are 15 incomplete sentences in this part. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.31. Because Edgar was convinced of the accuracy of this fact, he stick _ his opinion.A. at B. to C. for D. for32. student with a little common sense should be able to answer the question.A. Each B. Any C. Either D. One33. Obviously, the Chairmans remarks at the conference were and not planned.A. substantial B. spontaneous C. simultaneous D. synthetic34. All substances , take up space.A. whether are liquid or solid B. whether are they liquid or solidC. be they liquid or solid D. no matter they are solid and liquid35. The girl was a shop assistant; she is now a manager in a large department store.A. preliminarily B. presumably C. formally D. formerly36. A Loan is a written document that states that a lender has agreed to lend borrower a sum of money at certain rate of interest for a specific period of time, which may contain sets of conditions and a date by which the loan must close.A. obligation B. duty C. responsibility D. commitment37. after a long walk, I couldnt move a step farther.A. Having worn out B. Wearing out C. To wear out D Worn out38. Before the first non-stop flight made in l949, it necessary for all planes to land for refueling.A. would be B. has beenC. had been D. would have been39. Government reports, examination compositions, legal documents and most business letters are the main situations formal language is used.A. in which B. on which C. in that D. at what40. It took him several hours to _the paper off all four walls.A. shear B. strike C. scrape D. chip41. _ you were busy, I wouldnt have bothered you with my questions.A. If I realized B. Had I realized C. I realized that D. As I realized42. doubt there are a lot of natural resources in this country.A. Little do we B. Little we C. Seldom did we D. Few do we43. Although a teenager, Fred could resist what to do and what not to do.A. to be told B. having been told C. being told D. to have been told44. M: Hello, Freds Motors.W: Hello, its Mrs. Williams here. Im just phoning up because my Volvo is making very, very strange noises, and I wondered if youd be able to have a look at it.M: Yeah. When was the last time you had it serviced?W: I think it was only about a month ago. But its a sort of knocking noise.M: Well, tomorrow morning, yeah?A. do it B. change it C. bring it in D. take it away45. M: Whats 53 times 115? I cant .W: Why dont you use a calculator?A. work it out B. count itC. have it done D. work it upPart Reading Comprehension (20 minutes, 35 marks)Section A (5 marks)In this section, there is one passage with five questions. For each question, there are four choices marked A, B, C arid D. You should decide on the best choice, then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the center.Questions 46-50 are based on the following passage. Mark Twain pointed out that if work were so pleasant, the rich would keep it for themselves. But however much people may think they dislike work, everyone has a deep psychological need for it. Everyone wants to be valued, and wages and salaries are the visible proof that we matter.Not all kinds of work qualify, however. No matter how worthwhile or demanding they might be, bringing up children, housework and voluntary employment are not usually seen as proper jobs. The only proper job is one that provides paid employment. Being paid for a job in our society means higher personal status.Of course we would also prefer work to be useful, pleasant and interestingand also well paid. But you dont really have to enjoy your work to get pleasure from it. The fact that we have to overcome some difficulties that we have to deal with doing routine tasks, in some way gives us pleasure.For example, having to be in a particular place at a particular time, working as part of a team towards a common goal, gives us a sense of purpose. The modern workplace also provides somewhere where people can assert their identity or create a new one.Without work many people become untidy and lazy, and find they are unable to enjoy the leisure time which is available to them. When some people retire from work, they lose their sense of value and purpose. For most of their lives, their personality, self-image and status have been defined by work; without it they lose their appetite for life.People who suddenly lose their jobs can find the situation particularly difficult. At a single stoke they lose all the advantages and status that a paid job provides. In a culture dominated by work, they are seen by those with jobs as incompetent or lazy. It is little wonder that stress and illness occur more frequently among the unemployed.Employment is now changing, however. Information technology has already significantly altered the world of work. For many, the idea of a job for life is no longer realistic. Many people fear they will lose their jobs, and some are being persuaded to accept the possibility of part-time work. Even the workplace itself may become a thing of the past with more and more people working at home. This means that we may no longer be able to depend on work to define ourselves and our position in society, and that we will have to find new ways to give our lives a sense of value and purpose.Questions:46. Mark Twain pointed out that_.A. the rich should work moreB. work is not such a pleasurable thingC. the rich should keep all the work for themselvesD. work makes people rich47. People have a deep psychological need for work because_.A. they want to be richB. they like being told what to doC. everyone needs moneyD. they want to be valued and work proves this value48. People dont have to enjoy their work to get pleasure from it because_.A. the salary makes them happyB. they get used to the routineC. coping with problems can be satisfyingD. they know their work is still useful49. People who have no work often_.A. enjoy their leisure timeB. develop a better self-imageC. have difficulty coping with the changeD. take an interest in new activities50. The arrival of information technology has_.A. enhanced peoples interest in workB. made work more stressfulC. made the workplace unnecessaryD. made people change their attitude to workSection B (10 marks)In this section, there is one passage followed by a summary. Read the passage carefully and complete the summery below by choosing a maximum of three words from the passage to fill in each of the blanks 51-55. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.Companies say that in many cases, the benefits of foreign-language knowledge can lie outside the specific realm of business. Thats one reason why the programs are optional. Mayer says that the benefits are more to help each employee adjust to his or her new surroundings and to promote the companys policy of being a good neighbor and becoming integrated into local communities than to help the executive conduct actual business.At IBM, company-subsidized foreign-language training is provided on a case-by-case basis, says Mia Vanstraelen, director of human resources for learning in Europe, the Middle East and Africa. If employees need foreign-language skills to do their job properlyfor example, an expatriate manager who functions as the point person between an overseas operation and headquarters or a sales employee who deals with clients on the ground overseasthe company will provide financial support. In addition, company support is often available for employees seeking business-related skills to further their own careers within the company.A less-than-aggressive attitude toward foreign-language acquisition at the corporate level is typical, some experts say, and the reasons range from high cost to a lack of necessity. English, the language of business, the language of technology, the language of Hollywood, is the language to know in global business even for traditionally non-English-speaking countries.While Americans have to decide which second language might be most useful for their business careers according to their areas of interest, potential business professionals in other countries whose native language is not English have a clear answer to that question. And as more students worldwide learn to conduct business in English, its position as the language of commerce solidifies.Even multinationals that are headquartered in other countries are using English as the language of business, Van Someren says. He cites Sonys Berlin headquarters as an example. In that office, which has about 400 employees, there are 45 different nationalities and almost as many languages, he says. “So the cost and effort associated with trying to teach everyone German when a lot of them will be moving on to other assignments in a matter of months probably doesnt make a lot of sense,” he says. Language acquisition can be a slow process, and companies that need someone who speaks a foreign language cant wait years for the right employee to gain the skills. When knowledge of a foreign language is what is specifically required, thats the skill set human resources looks for. Lieberthal says that in many ways, training high-level employees in a foreign language such as Chinese simply doesnt make good business sense. “Its a large investment with high front-end costs.” Top executives could harm their careers by taking time off to study a language. In addition, he says, even if an executive were willing to put in the time to learn a language, the training just doesnt make economic sense. An employer would have to not only cover the cost of language training as well as the executives salary, but also absorb whatever financial burden results from lost productivity. An executive sitting in the classroom memorizing vocabulary could be an investment in the future, but it would be a very costly one, Lieberthal says, and one that might not produce great returns.Summary:Some companies believe that foreign-language ability plays an unimportant role in (51) , but it does help their employees become (52) into a foreign environment. IBM offers (53) to employees who need foreign language skills to do their job well. Because of the high cost and lack of necessity, corporations do not think training executives in a foreign language makes (54) and believe it may not generate (55) .Section C (10 marks)In this section, there is passage followed by five uncompleted sentences. Read the passage carefully, and then complete the sentences in a maximum of three words for each blank. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet. Questions 56-60 are completed with the information given.Virgin Trains CarLinkHaving trouble finding a fast, easy way to get to or from the train station?Stop worrying. Let Virgin Trains CarLink drive you.If youre travelling from the northwest of England, well pick you up from your door, take you to the station and then meet you when you return.Or if youre coming to the northwest of England, well meet you off the train, take you where you want to go to and thenwhen youre readytake you back to the station.HOW it works How to bookTo secure a CarLink journey you must book in advance:five days in advance of travel, if you book via the Virgin Train Line 0345 222 333.by 18:00 the day before travel, if you book in person at a station.56. CarLink services operate in the .57. For each one-way journey you need to give the driver plus the balance of the fare.58. You will still be picked up at the station even if your train .59. Bear in mind that if things change, call CarLink to inform your .60. To secure a CarLink journey you must book in advance by telephone or .Section D (10 marks)In this section, there is one passage followed by five questions. Read the passage carefully, and then answer the questions in a maximum of ten words. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.Questions 61-65 are based on the following passage.Of all the many factors which contributed to the Industrial Revolution, the most revolutionary and the most impressive was not coal but steam power. J. L. and Barbara Hammond said that steam power “declared the triumph of industry and the glory of man”. From clumsy and inefficient beginnings it was quickly improved to open up tremendous possibilities for industrial progress. The limitations of musclepower are obvious, and though water had served well to work bellows and hammers in iron works，or to turn machinery like the water-frame and the mule in the textile industry, it could only be applied in a limited way in Britain. For water power is most useful in a land with many fast-flowing streams and apart from areas like the Pennines, Scotland, and Wales, this countrys rivers flow slowly. The Alpine area of Europe, and much of the United States relied on water power for much longer than Britain, and hydroelectricity has brought water back into its own in many parts of the world. The geographical limitations of Britains water power, however, necessitated finding an alternative solution to the problem.When water vaporizes it expands 1,800 times. The idea of harnessing this energy is far from new. It was probably used by Hero of Alexandria in the 1st century B.C. to open temple doors or to pour libations apparently by magic. Heros writings were rediscovered during the Renaissance and many people, including, for example, the Marquis of Worcester (1601-1667) experimented with devices using steam. Regretfully, therefore, we must dismiss the old myth that steam power was born in the mind of a bright Scots lad called James Watt as he sat one winters evening watching his mothers kettle boil on the hearth. Watts contribution to steam is incalculable, but steam-pumps had been used in Britain for over seventy years before he began his work.The first steam-engine used in industry was invented by Thomas Savery (1650-1715). Called “The Miners Friend or an engine to raise water by fire”, it was patented in 1698 and worked on simple principles. It pumped water from wells quite efficiently and was used successfully in Cornish copper-mines, but its limitations were revealed when it was tried in the Broadwater Collieries in Staffordshire in 1706 and was found to be capable of pumping water up no more than 100 feet. When greater pressure was used the boiler burst. Therefore, Saverys engine was used to supply water in gentlemens houses or to work fountainstasks it could perform effectively, though not quite safely as there was no pressure-gauge.It was Thomas Newcomen (1663-1729), a Dartmouth blacksmith and ironmonger, who produced the first steam-pump to be used widely in industry. It was known as an “atmospheric engine” because, in contrast to Saverys engine, the steam in the cylinder was not used to drive the pump but only to create a partial vacuum when condensed. Ordinary air pressure drove the piston into the cylinder and this raised the pump which was connected to the piston by a see-sawing cross-beam. A large piston meant that it was possible to gain more force without increasing steam pressure and this made Newcomens engine much more powerful than Saverys.The first engine was made about 1706 but it was a clumsy affair. The piston did not fit tightly into the cylinder and condensation，which was achieved by pouring cold water on the outside of the cylinder，was far from complete. Moreover，the tap controlling the passage of steam into the cylinder was worked by hand seven or eight times a minute. These difficulties were ironed out by 1720；water was now sprayed into the cylinder to improve condensation, the operation of the taps had been made automatic, and a safety-valve had been fitted to eliminate the danger of explosion.The improved engine soon became standard equipment in most large mines，and it was also used to pump water into canals and to supply drinking-water in towns. It is difficult to know exactly how many were in use by the second half of the 18th century but in 1767 fifty-seven were found around Newcastle，and there were eighteen in Cornish mines in 1780.Questions:61. Why could water power only be applied in a limited way in Britain?62. Who was the first person mentioned in the text trying to use steam power?63. Who invented the first steam engine used in industry?64. How was Newcomens engine different from that of Saverys?65. What was installed to the first engine to prevent explosion?Part Cloze (15 minutes, 15 marks)Read the following passage and fill in each blank with one word. Choose the word in one of the following three ways: according to the context; using the correct form of the given word; according to the given letters of a word. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.There are many wedding traditions in the West. And some of them date back to several hundreds of years and most of their origins have their (66) r in ancient superstitious beliefs.“Something ol