高二人教版英语新课标选修8第一单元 uint1 A land of diversity Learning about language课件.ppt

Unit 1 A land of diversity,Learning about language,majority,Complete the following chart with new words from the text.,racial,hardship/hardness,distinction,Italy,Korean,Pakistani,Denish,applied,mixed,illustrative,application,mixture,illustration,simplify,simplicity,2 Complete these sentences, using new words from the text.,1. A _ country consists of a group of states. 2. That is the biggest _ church I have ever seen.,federal,catholic,3. The _ of us voted for Mr Red, who then became chairman of the committee. 4. The _ of Education is one of the government departments. 5. The economic _ in recent years has created more job opportunities. 6. _ shaped like a boot lies in the south of Europe.,majority,Ministry,boom,Italy,7. We should draw a _ between right and wrong. 8. To make the crossing from Shandong to the Northeast, our ancestors suffered all kinds of _. 9. The people from South or North _ are called Koreans. 10. Nobody knows who will be _ as president or vice president of this country.,distinction,hardship,Korea,elected,3 Choose the words and phrases to fill in the blanks, changing their forms if necessary.,aircraft crossing by means of make a life rail strait Arctic,My nephews first holiday to the _ was a delight. The scenery and the icebergs excited him. Looking across the Bering _ into Russia was something he would remember forever. To make the _ between these two great countries seemed as if it would take no time at all! Then he travelled across the ice _ a dog sled. It made the journey he had earlier done by _ seem very ordinary.,Arctic,strait,crossing,by means of,aircraft,When he reached the North Pole, he found nothing exciting except for a sign marking the spot, but he did meet some scientists there who were studying the melting of the ice _ and for themselves among the snowy hills and plains. After a short break he took the local _ to fly back to Alaska and the sea voyage back home!,rail,making a life,occur vi. 存在, 被发现; 发生; 想到, 想起 (to), (主语是事, 宾语是人) These flowers occur in the tropics(热带). The sound doesnt occur in Chinese. When did the accident occur? An idea occurred to me. It never occurred to him that she would fail.,Explanation,1) The name of the film _ me suddenly. Which of the following is wrong? A. occurred to B. came to C. struck D. stuck 2) _ to me that I had left the door unlocked. A. It happened B. It struck C. It hit D. It occurred 3) An accident did, however, _ at the street corner last night. A. occur B. take place C. happened D. broke out,occur (occurred, occurred),D,D,A,Grammar,Noun Clauses 名词性从句,Noun Clauses,subjective clause 主语从句,objective clause 宾语从句,predicative clause 表语从句,appositive clause 同位语从句,名词性从句相当于名词,可分别作主句的主语、 表语、宾语和同位语。因此,名词性从句可 分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和 同位语从句。,1. What it was to become was a mystery. 2. I dont know who will help Henry to win the bet. 3. His trouble is that he doesnt know anybody in London. 4. The fact that ships can go there surprises many people.,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,1. 宾语从句 宾语从句在复合句中起宾语作用,可以 作动词的宾语，也可以作介词的宾语。 引导宾语从句词有连词that, if, whether; 连接代词who, whose, what, which; 连接副词when, where, how, why等。,1) I think (that) women can reach very high achievements in many fields of science. 2) I wonder whether/if she remembered how many babies she had delivered. 3) Do you know who/whom Jack was speaking to?,2.表语从句 表语从句在复合句中起表语作用。 引导宾语从句词有连词that, what, which, who, whom, whose等。除在句子中起 连接作用外, 还可在从句中充当主语、 表语、定语, 且各有各的词义。,Tom is no longer what he used to be. The question is which of us should come first. The problem is who is really fit for the hard job. The important thing is whose name should be put on the top of the list.,3. 主语从句 做主语用的名词性从句, 因其在复合句 中做主语, 又称主语从句, 引导主语从句 的有连词that, whether, 连接代词who, what, which, 连接副词when, where, how, why等。,That she left him cut him to the heart. What seems easy to some people seems difficult to others. Whether it will please them is not easy to say.,4. 同位语从句 同位语从句属于名词性从句, 大多由从属 连词that引导, 常常跟在fact,news, idea, thought, question, reply, report, remark, hope, belief等名词后面。同位语从句一般 用来解释或说明这些名词的具体含义或 内容, 在逻辑上表现为同为关系。,They are familiar with the opinion that all matter consists of atoms. Where did you get the idea that I could not come. The suggestion came from the chairman that the new rule should be adopted.,1. 名词性从句的语序(陈述句语序)； 2. 几对重要关联词的区别: whetherif, whatthat, whatwhatever, whowhoever, etc; 3. it用作形式主语或形式宾语代替主语从句 或宾语从句； 4. 根据具体情景选用适当的关联词。,高考考查热点,根据例句, 讨论： 1) whetherif的区别 Please tell me if/whether you will go to the lectures tomorrow. It all depends on whether the sky will clear up. The question is whether the film is well worth seeing. Whether he will be well tomorrow Im not sure. Whether it is true remains a problem.,ABCD,A,A. 引导宾语从句, 位于及物动词后 B. 引导宾语从句, 位于介词后 C. 引导宾语从句, 放句首 D. 引导表语从句, 主语从句或同位语从句,2)Whatthat的区别 I think that it is unnecessary for me to speak louder. His mother is satisfied with what he has done. That he was able to come made us happy. This is what makes us interested. The reason was that Tod had never seen the million-pound note before.,缺,不缺,什么; 所 的东西、事情,无意义,否,宾语从句 中能省略,3) whowhoever; whatwhatever的区别 The spoken English competition is coming, Who will attend the meeting hasnt been decided yet. I believe whoever takes part in the competition will try his best. Can you tell me what you would like to order? Whatever happens, dont be surprised. All the food here is delicious. Just order whatever you like.,表示“谁”,表示“的任何人”,表“什么，所的 东西、事情”,表“的任何东西”,/,表“不论谁”,/,表“无论什么”,4)常见的it作形式主语的结构 It is a fact that he won the match. It is necessary that we do study the English. It is known to all that light travels in straight lines. It seemed that he would come here.,It is a fact/a shame/a pity/no wonder/ good news/that,It is necessary/strange/important/ possible/likely/that这类主语从 句中,谓语动词常为(should)+动词原形,It is said/reported/decide/known/ that,It seemed/happened/doesnt matter/has turned out/that,Suggested answers to Exercise 3 on page 5:,She pretended that she was a socialist, believing in socialism. It is not surprising that so many people love California. Why she didnt tell you herself is what I want to know / is what I cant explain. I wonder why he lied to me.,Revising useful structures,The trouble was that she had lost her passport. It is essential that you get a visa before you travel to the USA. What George discovered in California was different from what he saw in the movies. Where they got all that money is what I want to know /is what I cant explain.,I have always been honest and straight forward, and it doesnt matter _ that Im talking to. (广东省) A. who is it B. who it is C. it is who D. it is whom,高考链接,B,【解析】这个句子是一个由and连接的并列句。 and后是一个含有主语从句的结构, 其主句 部分是it doesnt matter, 主语从句则是who it is that Im talking to。而在主语从句中, 又有 一个定语从句, 修饰who。who既是一个引导词, 也在it is中作表语。如果再细一点, 说who是 (talking) to的介词宾语也可以。,2. It is pretty well understood _ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today. (上海) A. that B. when C. what D. how,【解析】主语从句中缺少做主语的成分, 故选C。,C,3. _ made the school proud was_ more than 90 of the students had been admitted to key universities. (上海春季) A. What; because B. What; that C. That; what D. That; because,【解析】what 在此作连接代词, 引导主语从句， 并在从句中作主语。that引导主语从句时, 只起引导作用, 不作任何成分。,B,4. When you answer questions in a job interview, please remember the golden rule: Always give the monkey exactly _ he wants. (上海春季) A.what B.which C.when D.that,【解析】这是一个宾语从句,wants后面缺少宾语, Always give the monkey exactly what he wants 是一句谚语,意思是“永远给予他人他确实想要 的东西”。故答案为A。,A,5. - Are you still thinking about yesterdays game? - Oh, thats_. (北京春季) A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited about C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited,【解析】这是由what 引导的一个表语从句， 在从句中充当主语, 这句话的意思为: 那是使我感到兴奋的事。故答案为A。,A,6. -I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. -Is that_ you had a few days off? (NMET) A.why B.when C.what D.where,【解析】这是一个由why引导的表语从句, 表示原因。这句话的意思是“这就是你离开 的原因吗?”。故答案为A。,A,7. He made another wonderful discovery, _ of great importance to science. A. which I think is B. which I think it is C. which I think it D. I think which is,【解析】答案A。该题考查定语从句中加入 插入语的用法, 因插入语应位于引导词之后， 所以D项不对, B、C两项无法构成正确结构。,A,1. The lawyer rarely wears anything other than jeans and a T-shirt _ the season. (2008全国I卷) A. whatever B. wherever C. whenever D. however 2. Students are always interested in finding out _ they can go with a new teacher. (2008安徽卷) A. how far B. how soon C. how often D. how long,高考链接 - 2008,A,A,3. _ is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing. (2008福建卷) A. It B. What C. As D. Which 4. When asked _ they needed most, the kids said they wanted to feel important and loved. (2008湖南卷) A. what B. why C. whom D. which,B,A,5. _ was most important to her, she told me, was her family. (2008山东卷) A. It B. This C. What D. As 6. Animals suffered at the hands of Man _ they were destroyed by people to make way for agricultural had to provide food for more people. (2008江西卷) A. in which B. for which C. so that D. in that,C,D,7. _wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way. (2008浙江卷) A. Anyone B. The one C. Whoever D. Who 8. Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from _ their parents speak at home. (2008浙江卷) A. what B. that C. which D. one,C,A,试题练习,1. She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to do it takes to save her life. A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whoever 【答案】C 名词性从句的引导词。句意为：她对我们来说是非常宝贵，我们已经准备好做一切来拯救她的生命。,2. The fact has worried many scientists _ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.,what B. which C. that D. though,【答案】C 间隔式同位语从句的用法。即先行词是the fact 和that引导的同位语从句中间隔了谓语部分。,3. Could I speak to _ is in charge of International Sales please?,