《虚拟语气复习》PPT课件.ppt

虚拟语气,Subjunctive mood,Definition,虚拟语气表示_，而不表示_。它是通过_来表示的。,Conclusion,虚拟语气表示说话人的一种愿望、假设、猜测、建议等，而不表示客观存在的事实。它是通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示的。,Check,1 The judge ordered that the thief _ punished. A. would be B. should be C. was to be D. must be 2 I wish I _ you yesterday. A. seen B. did seen C. had seen D. were to see,3 I would rather that you _ right away. A. leave B. left C. will leave D. should live 4 The two strangers talked as if they _ friends for years. A. should be B. would be C. have been D. had been 5 If he _ in a day or two, I would wait for him. A. returns B. should have returned C. were to return D. had returned,虚拟语气中动词形式的分类,Should + 动词原形 时态在原有时态上推前,Group work,4 students in each group. Discuss the situations where “should +do” is used.,Discussion,Exercise,1 The workers requested that their working conditions _ (improve). 2 It was suggested that Jane _ a medical examination. (have) 3 The teacher agreed to the suggestion that the students _ two weeks to prepare for the exam.(give) 4 My advice is that he _ up smoking.(give),be improved,(should) have,be given,(should) give,宾语从句,主语从句,同位语从句,表语从句,Summury 1 (should)+do,1 表示“命令，建议，要求” 的词所带的从句中，都要用 should+do，should可以省略。 常用的词有：arrange, order, command, ask, suggest, advise, propose, demand, require, request, insist,desire 等动词以及其对应名词，还有idea,plan等,suggest 只有作“建议”时，从句中用虚拟，若表示“表明、暗示”时，不用虚拟。,1Janes pale face suggested that she _ ill, and her parents suggested that she _ a medical examination. A. be, should have B. was, have C. should be, had D. was, has 2 The bus driver insisted that he _ at normal speed and therefore _ for the childs death. A. drove, neednt answer B. drive, shouldnt answer C. should drive, shouldnt have answered D. drove, shouldnt answer （answer for 负责，保证）,insist 只有作“坚决要求”时，才用虚拟， 若表示“坚持说，坚持认为”时，不用虚拟。,It is necessary that people both young and old in China _ some English to be prepared for the World Fair to be held in Shanghai in 2010. A learn B will learn C must learn D Have learned,2.句型“ It + be + important / desirable (理想的) / necessary/ natural+that从句 ”中，用should +动词原形，should可省略 It is necessary that you (should) be present at the discussion.,It is strange that such things _ to myself. A would happen B happened C will happen D should happen,3. 句型“It is a pity / a shame/ strange/ surprising + +that从句”中，用 should +动词原形， should 表“竟然”，不可省 It is strange that there should be so many poor people in such a rich country as America.,Group work,讨论“时态在原有时态上推前”的几种句型和动词的时态变化的具体形式,条件从句,If 从句的谓语形式,主句的谓语形式,现在,过去,未来,过去时（did/were）,过去完成时had done,would/could/should/might +V.（原）,would/could/should/might+have+p.p.,1.过去时 2.should+V. 3. were to do,would/could/should/ might +V.（原）,Summury 2 动词形式时态推前,1 if引导的非真实条件句,If I had a lot of money,I would buy a villa.,villa,If he_more carefully, he_ the car accident yesterday.,had driven,would not have had,What _(happen) if you _ (get up) too late tomorrow?,would happen,got up,Translation,1 如果我是你，我就告诉他真相。 If I were you, I would tell him the truth. 2如果你再早一点来的话，你就可以见到她了。 If you had come here earlier, you could have met her. 3如果我们爬到山顶，我们就会看到更好的风景。 If we climbed/ should climb/ were to climb to the top of the mountain, we could get a good view.,Exercise,_ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge. A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will,在非真实条件句中,如果有were, had, should, 我们可以将if省略,把这些词置于句首,采用倒装形式。,If you _ that film late last night, you wouldnt be so sleepy. A didnt see B havent seen C wouldnt have seen D hadnt seen,当从句与主句的动作发生的时间不一致时, 动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出 相应的变化.,If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now.,If the weather had been finer, the crops would be growing even better . If you had warned me yesterday , I might not be late today.,Without electricity, human life _ quite different today. A. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he _ a goal. A. had scored B. scored C. would score D. would have scored,2某些介词without / but for等或连词 otherwise等表示含蓄条件，需用虚拟语气。 Without air, we would not live even for five minutes. =If there were no air, we would not live even for five minutes. But for the storm, we should have arrived earlier. =If it had not been for the storm, we should have arrived earlier. Jack cant have arrived yet; otherwise he would have telephoned me. =Jack cant have arrived yet; if he had arrived, he would have telephoned me.,3 If it were not for ,If it were not for the rain, the crops _. (die) If it were not for 表示同现在事实相反 _ for the doctors careful treatment, he couldnt have lived till last year. 同过去事实相反，要用“If it had not been for”,意为“如果当时没有”,would die,If it had not been,4 wish,In Subjunctive mood,Describe the pictures using “wish”.,Linhao wishes he _ as tall as Yaoming.,were,Xiaoxin wishes / wished he _ so much watermelon.,hadnt eaten,The farmer wishes it _ rain tomorrow.,would,+ did(与现在事实相反的),+ had done(与过去事实相反),+would /could/ might +do (将来不大可能实现的愿望 ),Conclusion,wish,1 How I wish every family _ a large house with a beautiful garden! A. has B. had C. will have D. had had,2 When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it . A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken,5 as if / as though,did 与现在事实相反的,had done 与过去事实相反或想象的事物,The Chinese boy speaks English well as if he were a native of America.,He speaks English so fluently as if he had studied English in England.,wouldcouldmightdo”。表示与将来事实相反 “,He opened his mouth as if he would say something 他张开嘴好像要说什么。 It looks as if it might snow 看来好像要下雪了。,If only he _ quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now. A. lies B. lay C. had lain D. should lie 6 if only 意为“若是.那该多好啊; 真希望.; 只要, 只要.就好”。 表示现在的情况,应用过去式; 如果是过去的情况,应用过去完成时态 If only that photo werent missing! If only I had followed his advice!,-Jane wants to see you tomorrow.” -“I would rather she _ today than tomorrow.” A. comes B. should come C. come D. came,7 would rather,Would rather “宁愿”，后接宾语从句要用虚拟形式 对过去的虚拟，用过去完成时 Id rather she hadnt done that. 对现在和将来的虚拟，用一般过去时 Id rather you went tomorrow /now.,It is high time that we _ to school. A. would go B. went C. will go D. had gone 8 Its (high/right) time that that 从句要用虚拟语气：过去时或should + do Its time that you left/should leave here.,1 Janny _have kept her word. I wonder why she changed her mind. A. must B. should C. need D. would 2 -I stayed at a hotel while in New York. -Oh, did you ? You _with Barbara. A. could have stayed B. could stay C. would stay D must have stayed,情态动词表示虚拟语气,如： could /might / have done should (not) have done ought (not) to have done neednt have done,1. Look at the trouble I am in. If only I _ your advice. A. followed B. would follow C. had followed D. should follow,2. Though this is their first talk, they are talking as though they _ friends for years. A. will be B. were C. had been D. should have been,More practice:,3. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west, so it seems as if the sun _ round the earth. A. were circling B. circles C. is circling D. be circling,4. You didnt let me drive. If we _ in turn, you _ so tired. A. drove, didnt get B. drove, wouldnt get C. were driving, wouldnt get D. ha