2020版高考英语复习Unit4Helpingpeoplearoundtheworld知能演练轻松闯关（含解析）牛津译林版.docx

Unit 4 Helping people around the worldA卷 单项填空1Carbon dioxide, which makes a _ between us and the sun, prevents heat from getting out of the atmosphere easily, so the earth is becoming warmer.AdifferenceBcomparisonCconnection DbarrierD解析：句意：二氧化碳是我们和太阳之间的一道屏障， 它使地球上的热量不容易释放出大气层， 于是地球就变得越来越暖和。 difference“分歧， 区别”； comparison“比较”； connection“联系”； barrier“障碍， 屏障” 。 语境说地球的热量因二氧化碳而不容易释放出大气层， 因此这里选D, 表示“障碍， 屏障” 。 2I m surprised to hear that Sue and Paul have _So am I. They seemed very happy together when I last saw them.Abroken up Bfinished upCdivided up Dclosed upA解析：句意：听到Sue和Paul分手的消息我很吃惊。 我也是。我上次看到他们的时候，他们在一起似乎很幸福。 break up“破裂； 分手”。3It is not _ to discuss the question again and again.Aworth BworthyCworthwhile DwhileC解析：It is worthwhile to do sth. 为固定句型， 意为“做某事是值得的” 。 4For most people, _ work stress involves _ lack of satisfaction and not feeling appreciated.A/; / Bthe; theC/; the D/; aD解析：考查冠词。 句意：对大部分人来说， 工作压力包含缺乏满意感和被欣赏感。 第一空， stress作“压力” 讲时， 是不可数名词， 故不用冠词； 第二空， a lack of “缺乏， 缺少”， 为固定短语。 故选D项。 5You are expected to give an explanation _ to account for what happened.Aequal BsimilarCadequate DeagerC解析：考查形容词辨析。 句意：大家期望你给出一个充分的理由来解释发生了什么。 此处是形容词作定语，修饰explanation。6Those who _ new responsibilities need additional guidance for a period of time until they are familiar with the new work.Aset out Btake upCset up Dtake onD解析：take on responsibilities“承担责任”， 符合题意。 7I look on it as a good opportunity to _ fresh skills and broaden my knowledge.Arequire BacceptCacquire DsubmitC解析：句意：我把它看作是一次获取新技能， 拓宽知识面的很好的机会。 acquire“获得”，符合句意。 require“要求”； accept“接受”； submit“顺从； 提交”。 8As there is less and less coal and oil, scientists are exploring new ways of making use of _ energy, such as sunlight, wind and water for power and fuel.Aprimary BalternativeCinstant DuniqueB解析：句意：随着煤和石油越来越少， 科学家们正在研究一些新方法来利用这些可替代能源， 如太阳能、风能和水能。 alternative“可选择的， 可替代的”， 符合句意。 primary“首要的， 初期的”； instant“立即的， 迅速的”； unique“独特的” 。 9George Bush, the former US. president, has taken up oil painting since leaving the White House, revealing that painting _ his relaxed lifestyle.Aallowed for Baccounted forCstuck to Dcontributed toD解析：考查动词短语辨析。 句意：美国前总统乔治布什自从离开白宫就开始从事油画创作， 这显示绘画促成了他的休闲生活方式。 contribute to表示“促成， 贡献， 有助于” 。 10Oldfashioned phones matter when wireless networks _in disasters.Aturn downBturn outCbreak down Dbreak outC解析：句意：在灾难中，当无线网络出故障时，老式手机就(显得)很重要了。turn down表示“调小；拒绝”；turn out表示“生产；结果是，证明是”；break down表示“出故障”；break out表示“(战争、疾病等的)爆发”。由题干中的关键信息oldfashioned phones matter和in disasters可知此处填break down“出故障”。11It was essential that the application forms _ back before the deadline.Amust be sent Bbe sentCwould be sent Dwere sentB解析：句意：申请表务必在截止日期之前寄回。 在It is essential thatclause 结构中， that 从句中谓语动词常用虚拟语气， 其形式为：(should) do。12I took my driving license with me on holiday，_I wanted to hire a car.Ain case Beven ifCever since Dif onlyA解析：考查条件状语从句。句意：我在度假时随身带着驾照，以防自己需要租车。in case表示“以防，万一”，符合句意。后三项分别表示“即使”“自从”“但愿”，都不符合语境。13All of these letters and telegrams, almost without exception, urge that the cause we have been fighting for _Abe carried on Bbeing carried onCcarrying on Dto carry onA解析：考查虚拟语气。 动词urge, suggest, advise, order, demand, require 等后的宾语从句需用虚拟语气， 即用“should 动词原形” 来表示催促、愿望、建议、命令、请求等， should 可以省略。 14What a pity! The bus has just left.Oh, _ I had come to the stop five minutes earlier.Aonly if Bif onlyConly just Dnot onlyB解析：考查虚拟语气。 句意：真遗憾！公共汽车刚刚离开。 哦， 要是我早5分钟来车站就好了。 if only 表示“要是就好了”， 引导表示虚拟语气的句子。 15Would you mind giving me a lift home, Bill?_ Ill wait for you at the gate after work.AHow come? BBy all means.CWhy not? DUp to you.B解析：考查交际用语。 句意：比尔， 你介意让我搭便车回家吗？当然可以， 下班后我在门口等你。 根据回答判断， by all means“务必， 一定”， 符合语境。 A“怎么会？”； C“为什么不(介意)呢？”； D“(是否介意)这取决于你。 ” 故选B。 阅读理解AGet a FREE YEAR! Order NOW and get a FREE YEAR of Parents magazine! Thats 2 full years (24 issues) for the regular 1year ratejust $12. But HURRY, this offer wont last! (U. S. orders only, please.) Every issue of PARENTS is filled with practical advice from leading doctors and child experts. toys and games that develop readertested products and more!100% MoneyBack Guarantee: You must be pleased, or you may cancel any time during the life of your subscription(订阅) and get all your money backno questions asked. Parents magazine is published 12 times per year. Savings are based on $12.00 annual subscription rate. State taxes may apply to your order.Email address is required to access your account and member benefits online. We will not share your email address with anyone. Click here: www. /privacy to view our privacy policy.【解题导语】文章是一则广告。如果现在订阅杂志Parents, 可以免费获赠一年的杂志，也就是说花一年的费用可以得到两年的杂志。1The purpose of the advertisement is _Ato help parents with their daily lifeBto attract more subscribersCto collect more money for charityDto introduce a new productB解析：写作意图题。根据第一段“Get a FREE YEAR! Order NOW and get a FREE YEAR of Parents magazine！.But HURRY, this offer wont last！”可知，现在预订的话， 可以免费获得一年的杂志，但是需要抓紧时间订阅，因为活动不会持续太长时间。 说明此广告的目的是鼓励人们订阅杂志， 故选B。2What benefit can the readers possibly get according to the ad?AOnly $12 is to be paid for 24 issues of the magazine.BReaders can get a free offer of the magazine any time of the year.CReaders from all over the world can enjoy the free offer.DReaders can communicate face to face with child experts on the Internet.A解析：推理判断题。 根据第一段“But HURRY, this offer wont last！”可知，免费获得一年杂志的活动持续时间有限，排除B; 根据第一段“U.S.orders only, please.” 排除C；根据第二段“Every issue of PARENTS is filled with practical advice from leading doctors and child experts” 可知，每期杂志都包含来自医生和儿童专家的建议，读者不能面对面地和儿童专家交流，排除D。根据第一段第二句可知选A。BFreedom and ResponsibilityFreedoms challenge in the Digital Age is a serious topic.We are facing today a strange new world and we are all wondering what we are going to do with it.Some 2，500 years ago Greece discovered freedom. Before that there was no freedom. There were great civilizations, splendid empires, but no freedom anywhere. Egypt and Babylon were both tyrannies，one very powerful man ruling over helpless masses.In Greece, in Athens(雅典), a little city in a little country, there were no helpless masses. And Athenians willingly obeyed the written laws which they themselves passed, and the unwritten, which must be obeyed if free men live together. They must show each other kindness and pity and the many qualities without which life would be very painful unless one chose to live alone in the desert. The Athenians never thought that a man was free if he could do what he wanted. A man was free if he was selfcontrolled. To make yourself obey what you approved was freedom. They were saved from looking at their lives as their own private affair. Each one felt responsible for the welfare of Athens, not because it was forced on him from the outside, but because the city was his pride and his safety.The essential belief of the first free government in the world was liberty for all men who could control themselves and would take responsibility for the state.But discovering freedom is not like discovering computers. It cannot be discovered once for all. If people do not prize it, and work for it, it will go. Constant watch is its price. Athens changed. It was a change that took place without being noticed though it was of the extreme importance, a spiritual change which affected the whole state. It had been the Athenians pride and joy to give to their city. That they could get material benefits from her never entered their minds. There had to be a complete change of attitude before they could look at the city as an employer who paid her citizens for doing her work. Now instead of men giving to the state, the state was to give to them. What the people wanted was a government which would provide a comfortable life for them; and with this as the primary object, ideas of freedom and selfreliance and responsibility were neglected to the point of disappearing. Athens was more and more looked on as a cooperative business possessed of great wealth in which all citizens had a right to share.Athens reached the point when the freedom she really wanted was freedom from responsibility. There could be only one result. If men insisted on being free from the burden of selfdependence and responsibility for the common good, they would cease to be free. Responsibility is the price every man must pay for freedom. It is to be had on no other terms. Athens, the Athens of Ancient Greece, refused responsibility; she reached the end of freedom and was never to have it again.But, “the excellent becomes the permanent，” Aristotle said. Athens lost freedom forever, but freedom was not lost forever for the world. A great American, James Madison, referred to: “The capacity(能力) of mankind for selfgovernment.” No doubt he had not an idea that he was speaking Greek. Athens was not in the farthest background of his mind, but once man has a great and good idea, it is never completely lost. The Digital Age cannot destroy it. Somehow in this or that mans thought such an idea lives though unconsidered by the world of action. One can never be sure that it is not on the point of breaking out into action only sure that it will do so sometime.【解题导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章阐述了自由的起源、发展，并阐述了“自由”与“责任”之间的关系。3What does the underlined word “tyrannies” in Paragraph 2 refer to?ACountries where their people need help.BPowerful states with higher civilization.CSplendid empires where people enjoy freedom.DGovernments ruled with absolute power.D解析：词义猜测题。画线单词后面的内容是对本单词进行的解释，因此不难看出选项D与这句话意思一致，即“专政，暴君统治”。4People believing in freedom are those who_Aregard their life as their own businessBseek gains as their primary objectCbehave within the laws and value systemsDtreat others with kindness and pityC解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“And Athenians willingly obeyed the written laws which they themselves passed, and the unwritten.The Athenians never thought that a man was free if he could do what he wanted.”可知，相信自由的人愿意遵守法律和价值体系的约束。5What change in attitude took place in Athens?AThe Athenians refused to take their responsibility.BThe Athenians no longer took pride in the city.CThe Athenians benefited spiritually from the government.DThe Athenians looked on the government as a business.A解析：细节理解题。由倒数第二段的内容可以看出古希腊的雅典人后来拒绝承担责任，那么他们的自由也走向尽头了。因此选择A。6What does the underlined sentence “There could be only one result.” in Paragraph 5 mean?AAthens would continue to be free.BAthens would cease to have freedom.CFreedom would come from responsibility.DFreedom would stop Athens from selfdependence.B解析：句意理解题。根据本段的最后一句可知，古希腊的雅典人拒绝承担责任，他们的自由也就走向了尽头，这就是唯一的结果，因此选择B。7Why does the author refer to Aristotle and Madison?AThe author is hopeful about freedom.BThe author is cautious about selfgovernment.CThe author is skeptical of Greek civilization.DThe author is proud of mans capacity.A解析：推理判断题。由最后一段中的“Athens lost freedom forever, but freedom was not lost forever”及“it is never completely lost”可知，作者最后引用他们的话是为了表明作者相信自由并不会随着古希腊雅典人的自由的消失而消失。因此选择A。8What is the authors understanding of freedom?AFreedom can be more popular in the digital age.BFreedom may come to an end in the digital age.CFreedom should have priority over responsibility.DFreedom needs to be guaranteed by responsibility.D解析：推理判断题。根据文章的内容，尤其是第五段的内容可知，责任与自由是相辅相成的，自由的存在离不开责任，故D项正确。B卷 完形填空I first got to know Rose while working in a hospital kitchen.When I arrived at 6 am., Rose was already there. “Hi, Im Janet.” I tried to be _1_， although I already knew Rose was hard to work with. Rose _2_ what she was doing and looked over her reading glasses. I could tell from her _3_ that she wasnt delighted to see a student worker._4_， I started to work. However, nothing I did _5_ her. All morning her eagle eyes missed _6_ and she was very sharp with me.Totally discouraged, I was _7_ with a dilemma(困境)：should I ask my director to _8_ my work? Scheduling was fairly flexible. Or should I _9_ and find another job? “Oh, Lord, help me love Rose. Lord, bless Rose.” I prayed. “You need to love her.”That was the _10_ he sent me.The next morning, I did things Roses way as much as possible to avoid _11_. Later I learned that she was a single mother with 3 children. My heart _12_. In the following days, my _13_changed. I began to see Rose as a hurting person and even _14_prayed for her. The ice started to _15_. As we had more chances to work together, Rose became truly _16_ to see me every time and would _17_ her feelings. We became real friends.That summer I _18_ a lesson that Ive never forgotten. The world is full of people like Rosedemanding, yet _19_ inside. To turn an enemy into a friend, _20_ is your best choice.【解题导语】本文为夹叙夹议文，题材为日常生活类。作者通过讲述自己和一个待人严苛的人交往的故事，阐明了一个道理：爱可温暖人心。1Aconfident Bcool Cfriendly DpatientC解析：根据“although I already knew Rose was hard to work with”可知设空处答案为C项(friendly)。2AlovedBforgot Chated DstoppedD解析：作者向Rose打招呼，Rose停下了手中的活看了她一眼。A：热爱；B：忘记；C：讨厌；D：停止。3Aexperience BexpressionCdescription DappearanceB解析：根据上下文可知，作者从Rose的表情中可以看出Rose见“我”是一名实习生而感到不悦。A：经验；B：表情；C：描述；D：外表。4AOtherwiseBAnyway CThereforeDBesidesB解析：虽然Rose不友好，但“我”还是开始工作了。A：否则；B：即使这样；C：因此；D：此外。5ApleasedBexcited CpuzzledDdisappointedA解析：根据下句可知“我”做的一切都没让她高兴起来。A：使高兴；B：使激动；C：使困惑；D：使失望。6Aeverything Bnothing CsomethingDanythingB解析：整个上午，“我”做的事没有一件逃过她锐利的目光。动词miss在本句中意为：未看到，故答案为nothing。7Asatisfied BconcernedCfaced DequippedC解析：be faced with.面对8Aassess Bstart CinspectDswitchD解析：“我”要请院长帮“我”换一份工作吗？A：评估；B：开始；C：视察；D：改变。9Aquit Bhesitate Cresist DtryA解析：还是辞掉它找一个新的工作？A：离开(工作职位)；B：犹豫；C：阻挡；D：尝试。10AmessageBgift CnoticeDwarningA解析：A：消息；B：礼物；C：通知；D：警告。11AaccidentBdefeat CconflictDdangerC解析：第二天上午，为避免冲突，“我”尽可能照Rose的方式去做。A：事故；B：失败；C：冲突；D：危险。12Ajumped Bbroke Craced DsankD解析：当得知Rose是一位3个孩子的单身母亲时，“我”心情很沉重，故选D。13Aplan Bfocus Caim DpromiseB解析：在接下来的几天，“我”的关注点转移了。A：计划；B：关注点；C：目标；D：诺言。14AwildlyBmerrily CsilentlyDcuriouslyC解析：甚至默默为她祈祷。A：疯狂地；B：高兴地；C：默默地；D：好奇地。15AincreaseBmelt Cgather DdeclineB解析：根据句中的ice可知答案为melt(融化)。16Aanxious Bproud CguiltyDhappyD解析：随着一起工作机会的增多，Rose每次见到“我”时，不仅变得真的很开心，而且还愿意和“我”分享她的感情了。A：焦虑的；B：骄傲的；C：内疚的；D：高兴的。17AshareBcontrol ChideDspareA解析：参考上题解析。A：分享；B：控制；C：躲藏；D：抽出。18Agave Bmissed Cattended DlearntD解析：A：给；B：错过；C：出席；D：领会到，学到。19AenthusiasticBattacking ChurtingDpositiveC解析：根据第四段中的a hurting person可知本题答案为C项。20Alove BexplanationCforgiveness DcomfortA解析：要把敌人变朋友，爱是你最佳的选择。 阅读理解AFour MustSee Route 66 AttractionsThe United States is full of odd roadside attractions. Route 66 is home to some of the oldest and most known attractions of them all. Here are four attractions you should see along the Mother Road：1Paul Bunyan and a Hot DogRoute 66 travelers pass by many fiberglass giants (巨人) right along the road. These giants were a popular form of advertising in the 1960s. Many of them stood in front of service stations. They held car parts, such as mufflers. The collection of Route 66 giants became known as “Muffler Men”Businesses hoped the strange statues would get travelers attention.The first fiberglass giant was a “Paul Bunyan” figure，built in the early 1960s. Its said that Paul Bunyan is a famous woodworker.2Crown Candy Kitchen and Jamaica RayCrown Candy Kitchen has been serving Route 66 travelers from the very beginning. It is just a few short blocks from the 66 path through St. Louis, Missouri. The familyrun soda fountain shop opened more than 100 years ago, and has been making candies and meals ever since.On weekends, people sometimes wait in line for a table at Crown Candy Kitchen for over an hour. Luckily there is free entertainment right outside. Jamaica Ray, a local folk artist, creates unusual sculptures.3The Worlds Largest Rocking ChairFanning, Missouri, is home to one of the strangest Route 66 attractions. Just off the road sits an almost 13metertall rocking chair.The structure was completed in 2008 on the first of April，or April Fools Day.At one time the chair actually rocked. But officials decided it had to be still to be safe for ever. People are not permitted to climb the chair. We think, however, that it probably happens once in a while when no one is watching.4Big Texans Steak ChallengeFew places better represent the common expression “Everythings Bigger in Texas” than the Big Texan Steak Ranch. Since 1960, it has appealed to travelers with big appetites and a big love of beef.It is hard to miss the huge yellow restaurant or the giant cow statue that sits out front. The cow advertises Big Texans special deal, and what has made this steak ranch famous: a “free” 72ounce(盎司) or 2kilogram steak. There is one trick: the steak is only free if you can eat the entire thing in one hour.A special table is in the middle of the restaurant for the daring diners who accept the challenge. Since 1990, more than 9，000 diners have eaten the entire 2kilogram steak.【解题导语】本文介绍了美国66号公路沿线的四个必看景点。1What was considered as “Muffler Men”？AA hot dog.BJamaica Ray.CCar parts. DPaul Bunyan.D解析：细节理解题。根据1.Paul Bunyan and a Hot Dog中的“The collection of Route 66 giants became known as Muffler Men”可知“Muffler Men”是玻璃巨人的合称，而由“The first fiberglass giant was aPaul Bunyanfigure”可知，第一尊玻璃巨