三年高考（2017_2019）高考英语真题分项汇编专题04动词和动词短语（含解析）.docx

三年（2017-2019）年高考真题分项汇编专题04 动词和动词短语 一、2019年高考真题1.【2019江苏卷单项填空】34.A city is the product of the human hand and mind, _ mans intelligence and creativity.A. resemblingB. reflectingC. reviewingD. restoring【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：城市是人类的双手和思想的产物，反映了人的智慧和创造力。resembling像；reflecting反映；reviewing回顾；restoring恢复，根据题意，故选B。2.【2019天津卷单项填空】9.Kate heard a mans voice in the background, but she couldnt _ what he was saying.A. set asideB. take backC. make outD. keep off【答案】C【解析】考查动词词组辨析。句意： 凯特听到背景中有一个男人的声音，但她听不清他在说什么。set aside“存储，留出”； take back“收回，拿回”；make out“辨认出，理解，了解”； keep off“（使）避开”。故选C。二、2018年高考真题1.【2018天津】8. It took him a long time to_ the skills he needed to become a good dancer.A. display B. acquireC. teach D. test【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。句意：他花了很长时间才获得了成为一名优秀舞蹈家所需的技能。A display显示；B. acquire获得；C. teach教；D. test测试。故选B。点睛：本题考查动词辨析。动词和动词短语的考查是高考重点考查的知识点，解题时要区分清选择项的含义与区别，再联系句意进行判断，从而选出正确答案。2.【2018天津】3. At first Robert wouldnt let his daughter go diving, but eventually he_ as she was so confidence about her skills.A. gave in B. dressed upC. broke in D. turned up【答案】A【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析及语境理解。句意：起初，罗伯特不愿让他女儿去潜水，但最终他让步了，因为她对她的技能是如此的有把握。A. gave in屈服，让步；B. dressed up打扮；C. broke in闯入；打断；D. turned up出现。根据转折词but及原因as she was so confident about her skills.可知，最终他让步了。故选A。点睛：本题考查动词短语辨析。分析后句的原因状语可以判定出罗伯特最终让步，再联系所学短语就不难选出正确答案。同学平时学习过程中要多注意词汇和短语的积累，尤其是含义比较多的词汇和短语。3.【2018江苏】25. DevelopingtheYangtzeRiverEconomicBeltisasystematicprojectwhich_ a clear road map and timetable.A. callsfor B. callsonC. callsoff D. callsup【答案】A【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析及语境理解。句意：发展长江经济带是一项需要清晰的路线图和时间表的系统工程。A. calls for需要；B. calls on号召；C. calls off取消；D. calls up使想起。故选A。点睛：本题考查动词短语辨析。分析全句句意，再联系所学短语就不难选出正确答案。同学平时学习过程中要多注意词汇和短语的积累，尤其是含义比较多的词汇和短语。4.【2018江苏】22. Kidsshouldnthaveaccesstoviolentfilmsbecausetheymight_ thethingsthey see.A. indicate B. investigateC. imitate D. innovate【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。句意：孩子不应该接触暴力电影，因为他们也许会模仿他们所见的事情。A. indicate指示；B. investigate调查；C. imitate模仿；D. innovate改革。故选C。点睛：本题考查动词辨析。动词和动词短语的考查是高考重点考查的知识点，解题时要区分清选择项的含义与区别，再联系句意进行判断，从而选出正确答案。考生在平时学习过程中要注重动词和动词短语的识记与掌握。三、2017年高考真题1. 【2017天津卷】5. Mr. and Mrs. Brown would like to see their daughter _, get married, and have kids.A. settled down B. keep off C. get up D. cut in【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：布朗先生和夫人想要看到他们的女儿安顿下来，结婚生子。A. 安顿下来；B. 远离；C.起床；D. 插嘴。根据句意，故选A。考点：考查动词短语。【名师点睛】辨析动词短语没有捷径，只有加强平时的记忆，包括动词本身的含义、一词多义以及词组的搭配，做题时要弄懂句意和上下文的逻辑关系再进行判断。学生平时要特别注意这方面的积累。2.【2017江苏卷】30. A quick review of successes and failures at the end of year will help _ your year ahead.A. shape B. switch C. stretch D. sharpen【答案】A【解析】试题分析：考查动词的辨析。A. shape塑造，决定的形成，影响的发展；B. switch转变，交换，调班；C. stretch拉长，拉紧，伸展，伸长，延伸消耗；D. sharpen提高，使尖锐，变得清晰。句意：快速回顾一年的成败将会决定来年的发展。故选A。考点：考查动词的辨析3.【2017 江苏】25.Working with the medical team in Africa has _ the best in her as a doctor.A. held out B. brought out C. picked out D. given out【答案】B【解析】试题分析：考查动词短语辨析。held out坚持；提供机会；伸出手；B. brought out使显现，阐明，出版；C.picked out使容易看见，找出精心挑选，认出来；D. given out用完，停止运行，分发，发出，公布。句意：在非洲同医疗队一起工作已经使她表现出了作为医生最好的一面。这里取“使显现”之意，故选B。考点：考查动词短语辨析 2016年高考真题 1.【2016江苏】25.He did noteasily, but was willing to accept any constructive advice for a worthy cause.A. approachB.wrestleC.compromiseD.communicate【答案】C【解析】试题分析：考查动词辨析。动词approach靠近，接近；wrestle摔跤，斗争，努力解决；compromise妥协；和解；让步；communicate交流；句意：他并容易妥协，但是对于正义的事业，他愿意接受任何建设性的建议。根据句意可知C项正确。 考点：考查动词词义辨析2.【2016江苏】30.Many businesses started up by college students have_thanks to the comfortable climate for business creation.A. fallen offB.taken offC.turned offD.left off【答案】B【解析】试题分析：考查动词短语辨析。fall off跌落，下降；take off起飞，成功，受欢迎；turn off关闭；leave off停止，中断；根据句意可知B项正确。3.【2016江苏】33.Parents should actively urge their children to_the opportunity to join sports teams.A. gain admission to B. keep track of C. take advantage of D. give rise to【答案】C【解析】试题分析：考查短语辨析。动词短语gain admission to 获准进入；keep track of记录；take advantage of利用；give rise to引起；句意：父母亲应该积极鼓励孩子抓住机会参加体育活动。根据句意可知C项正确。考点：考查短语辨析4.【2016天津】8. Mary was silent during the early part of the discussion but finally she _ her opinion on the subject. A. gave voice to B. kept an eye on C. turned a deaf ear of D. set foot on【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：玛丽在讨论的前一部分是沉默的，但是最后她说出自己对这个话题的观点。A.将说出，透露，表明；B.注意，照看；C.对.充耳不闻；D.踏上。根据语境，故选A。考点：考查动词短语辨析。【名师点睛】这几个短语都是固定搭配，不能仅仅看字面意思，应该在平时学习中注意累积这方面的词汇，这几个短语有个特点，都含有一个人体部位的名词，学生平时学习的时候，可以将短语进行分类记忆。做题时找到关键词和切入点，这道题的关键是opinion和选项中的voice。5.【2016天津】12. Im going to _ advantage of this tour to explore the history of the castle. A. put B. make C. take D. give【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：我要利用这次旅行来探索这个城堡的历史。短语take advantage of意为“利用”，其他选项不能和advantage of搭配。故选C。考点：考查动词和短语。【名师点睛】对于动词词义辨析题目，首先可以从句意着手，看懂句意是解答此类题目的关键；其次，对四个选项的意思也要了如指掌。这对于平时学生的学习仔细度提出了要求，学生在平时的学习中要勤积累，多记忆，多查字典，以便在考试时能够迅速准确解出答案，对于一些固定搭配也需要了如指掌。6.【2016天津】14. I hate it when she calls me at workIm always too busy to _ a conversation with her. A. carry on B. break into C. turn down D. cut off【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：我讨厌她在上班的时候给我打电话。我总是太忙了不能和她进行谈话。A.进行；B.破门而入；C.拒绝，声音调低；D.切断。故选A。考点：考查动词短语辨析。【名师点睛】辨析动词短语没有捷径，只有加强平时的背诵，包括词组本身的含义，一词多义，以及词组和动词的搭配，做题时别忘了弄懂句意和上下文的逻辑关系，进行判断。学生平时要特别注意这方面的积累。7.【2016浙江】8. We can achieve a lot when we learn to let our differences unite , rather than _ us.A. divide B. reject C. control D. abandon【答案】A【解析】句意：当我们学会让我们的差异联合起来而不是将我们分开的时候，我们就会获得很多。A.将分开；B.拒绝，拒收；C.控制；D.放弃。根据语境，故选A。考点：考查动词辨析。【名师点睛】词义辨析题在高考中有所涉及，每年的趋势不尽相同。动词非常重要，它在句中起着至关重要的作用，掌握好动词非常关键，这也是高考试题中经常考查动词的原因。本题要找准关键词unite，unite和divide是反义词。这题要找准关键词unite，和divide是反义词。8.【2016浙江】12.When their children lived far away from them , these old people felt _from the world.A. carried away B. broken down C. cut off D. brought up 【答案】C【解析】试题分析： 句意：当孩子远离他们生活的时候，这些老人感觉和世界隔绝了。Carry away带走，夺走；break down崩溃，破坏，抛锚，分解；cut off切断；bring up养育，培养。故选C。考点：考查动词短