2020版高考英语一轮复习课时提能练23Publictransport（含解析）牛津译林版.docx

课时提能练(二十三).阅读理解(2019贵阳摸底考试)Pollutions serious effects on the environment have become more obvious in recent years.Most scientists agree that efforts are necessary to protect our environment from further harm.As we know，the construction industry consumes a large quantity of energy and resources and creates a huge amount of pollution.So green buildings are in great need.The environmental benefits of green buildings include the protection of ecosystems and biodiversity(生物多样性)，improved air and water quality，less waste flowing into streams and the protection of natural resources.Green buildings can also result in lower operating costs because they typically use less energy and fewer materials and improve indoor air quality，improving the health of people who live there.The process of building green houses includes technical and artistic planning with nature protection in mind.Building designs often reflect the surrounding environment and natural resources and use renewable building materials such as bamboo and straw.In addition，recycled resources found locally are used for green buildings，reducing the cost and air pollution associated with transporting materials long distances.Careful site selection is important to minimize(使减少到最低限度) human effects on the surrounding environment.For example，placing a structure in an area that allows it to take advantage of cool breezes(微风) and sunlight can reduce energy use and expenses.More energy and expenses are needed for larger buildings as well，so it is important to build the small ones.Green roofs are another feature of green houses that reduce energy use and costs.These roofs are partially or completely covered with plants，which helps to keep heating and cooling costs low，prevent water running off and deal with pollutants.Other features of green buildings often include energy and water protection，recycling and waste reduction.In addition，renewable energy sources such as solar power，waterpower and wind power are used for heat and electricity，which greatly reduces costs and decreases the influence on the environment.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了绿色建筑的优势和特色。1What can we know about green buildings?AProducing no waste.BOnly using clean energy.CBeing made of new materials.DBeing environmentfriendly.D推理判断题。根据对全文的整体理解特别是第三段的内容可推知，绿色建筑整体上是环保的，故选D。2What is a green building probably like according to the fifth paragraph?ALarge. BSmall. CGreen.DLow.B细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句“More energy and expenses are needed for larger building as well，so it is important to build the small ones”可推知，绿色建筑应该倾向于小型建筑，而非高楼大厦，故选B。3What is the purpose of using green roofs?ATo fit the environment.BTo keep warm.CTo collect nature water.DTo reduce costs.D细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Green roofs are another feature of green houses that reduce energy use and costs”可知，绿色屋顶可以降低能源使用和成本，故选D。4What is the text mainly about?APromoting energy efficiency.BEnvironmental benefits.CGreen buildings.DEcosystems and biodiversity.C主旨大意题。根据文章的关键词“green buildings”和对全文的整体理解可推知，本文主要讲的是绿色建筑，故选C。.阅读七选五(2019武汉调研)On December 22, 2016 I landed in the land of the “American Dream” 1 Here is one of the things Ive struggled with during my almost one year in the States. 2 My uncle and aunt joked that I brought rain from Saigon to America. Saigon, where I come from, is the old name of Ho Chi Minh City in Vietnam.Vietnam is a tropical country where it rains most of the year. Before going to the US., actually, I had no idea what to expect about its weather, but the big rain on my arrival gave me the first expectation of what the weather here might be like.California is known for having a great climatemore sunshine, cooler in summer and warmer in winter. 3 However, having been here for a pretty long while now, I have experienced various forms of climate in California. 4 Most of the time I was living in Silicon Valley, where the weather is a bit colder than where I study in Orange County. But I was really surprised to find chilltothebone weather in San Franciscoa big shift from Silicon Valley in only about an hours drive. How strange! 5 The worst is that I get a runny nose whenever I wake up in the morning. Because I am allergic to the cold and windy weathers, I keep sneezing badly, and even more badly if I get caught in the cold. I think that my body needs more time to get used to this climate, but as many people said, I am luckier to be in California where I dont have to fight with extreme weathers as in other states.AI am sensitive to weather change.BSuch strange weather has affected my health.CSo the amount of rain this year is considered unusual.DThe LAX airport in California welcomed me with a big rain.ESo I quickly get used to the unchangeable climate in California.FThe weather varies widely depending on where you are in the state.GSince then, I have discovered tons of dilemmas about life in America.【语篇解读】本文是国外生活类说明文。作者介绍了自己从越南到美国之后所体验到的各种天气。1G 上文提到作者到了美国，接下来说“下面是我在美国接近一年的时间里努力应付过的诸多难题中的一个”。由此可以推断，空处表达的应该是作者经历了很多困难，G项的意思是“从那时起，我在美国发现了很多生活难题”，所以选G。2D本空位于段首，为段落主题句。根据下文中的“My uncle and aunt joked that I brought rain from Saigon to America”可知，空处应与rain有关，D项“加利福尼亚的LAX机场用一场大雨欢迎了我”符合语境，所以选D。3C上一段讲的是加利福尼亚的大雨，本段首句讲的是“加利福尼亚因气候好而著名”，C项的意思是“因此今年的雨量被认为是不寻常的”，符合段落以及句子间的逻辑，所以选C。4F 本空位于段首，为段落主题句。下文讲的是美国不同的地方有着迥异的天气，即便是相隔很近的两个地方，其天气也有很大的变化，而F项的意思是“在美国，天气随着你所在的地方而有很大的差异”，所以选F。5B本空位于段首，为段落主题句。下文讲的是作者因为天气多变而打喷嚏，而B项的意思是“这种奇怪的天气已经影响到了我的健康”，所以选B。.语法填空(2019银川检测)Rajesh Naik 1 (transform) 120 acres of wasteland into an organic farm，providing an 2. (inspire)example of the efforts to create a large lake.“I come from a family of agriculturalists and this land is my ancestral land, 3. hard rock structures make it difficult to hold water.People thought it was impossible to farm this land and 4. I was throwing away my career.However，I was determined to work on developing the water resources in the area，”says Rajesh.It took a lot of financial resources and time5 (create) the lake，which is enough to irrigate(灌溉) the whole farm.This has not only encouraged plant6 (grow) in the area，but also helped in increasing the water table(地下水位) in the surrounding areas 7. the farm.Besides growing fruit and vegetables，Rajesh has also started a dairy farm that has8 (many) than 200 cows.“If this model9 (carry) out in every part of the country，the whole country will be able to solve its water problems and have agriculture 10. (total) based on organic farming.What is important is the will of people and the support from the government.”says Rajesh.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了Rajesh Naik把120英亩的荒地变成了有机农场的过程及其对未来的期望。1has transformed 考查动词的时态。根据下文中的“providing an (inspire)example of the efforts to create a large lake”可知，此处为过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响，所以用现在完成时，即Rajesh Naik已经把120英亩的荒地变成了一个有机农场。2inspiring 考查非谓语动词。为创造一个大型湖泊的努力提供了一个鼓舞人心的例子。根据语境可知，此处用现在分词作定语，意为“鼓舞人心的”。3where 考查定语从句。坚硬的岩石结构使其难以蓄水。分析句子结构可知此处为定语从句，且从句中不缺少主语或宾语，又根据语境可知用where引导定语从句，在从句中作地点状语。4that 考查连接词。人们认为耕种这片土地是不可能的，我正在浪费我的事业，分析句子结构可知此处为宾语从句，若动词后有两个或多个并列的宾语从句时，第二个和后面几个从句的that不能省略，所以此处应填that。5to create 考查非谓语动词。建成这个湖需要花费大量的财政资源和时间，此处it takes(sb.)时间/金钱to do sth.为固定结构，其中动词不定式为真正的主语。6growth 考查名词。这不仅促进了该地区植物的生长，而且也提高了农场周边地区的地下水位。根据语境可知此处用名词growth意为“生长”。7of 考查介词。参见上题解析。根据语境可知the farm与the surrounding areas为所属关系，所以用of所有格。8more 考查形容词比较级。Rajesh还创办了一个有200多头奶牛的牛奶场。此处more than意为“超过”，为固定结构。9is carried 考查动词的时态及语态。根据语境可知，此处主语model与动词carry之间为被动关系；空处所在句描述的是将来的情况，又因为在含有条件状语从句的复合句中，从句应用一般现在时代替一般将来时，故此处用一般现在时的被动语态。10totally 考查副词。此处修饰动词短语based on，用副词。.短文改错(2019安徽省名校联考)As we all know，we can meet with various challenges in our life.Facing with challenges，how should we do?Last month，our class climbed Mount Tai，which was more than 1，500 meters above sea level.Lacking exercises，I thought that this