初中语法-非谓语动词.ppt

英语语法,非谓语动词,非谓语动词结构图,非谓语 动词,DONE,TO DO,DOING,核心含义,什么是非谓语动词,1性质：它具有动词的特点，但在句子中起着名词、形容词、副词的作用，充当主语、表语、定语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语的作用。 即：除谓语以外一切成分。,做题五步走,牢记核心,句子成分,定主被动,时间关系,特殊状况,5 steps,DOING,1 动词-ing形式的一般式可用来泛指一个动作，没有特别的时间意义。 Swimming is her favorite sport. Learning is important to modern life,此处V+ing作为句子的主语,2 动词-ing形式的一般式可用来表示与谓语动词同时发生的动作。 They went out of the classroom, talking and laughing.,3 动词-ing形式的一般式有时也可表示在谓语动词的动作之前或之后发生的动作。 I remembered sending him an e-mail last week. He suggested taking my daughter to the zoo the next Sunday.,1 动词-ing形式可直接置于句首作主语。 Seeing is believing.= To see is to believe. Smoking is not good for your health.,2、 为了保持句子平衡，通常用先行词it作形式主语，而把真正的主语放在句末。 It is no use crying over spilt milk. Its a waste of time arguing about it.,只能用-ing形式作宾语的动词，不能用不定式作宾语。 Fancy meeting you here! I suggest doing it in a different way.,只能用动词-ing形式的动词,admit advise allow avoid cant help cant stand feel like consider delay enjoy finish give up imagine include keep on mind miss put off permit practice resist suggest risk,Wrap Up：后接doing的常考动词,后接doing的常考词组,真题训练,（2001上海春季）Mr. Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to _ some schools for poor children. A. set up B. setting up C. have set up D. having set up,既可用V-ing形式也可用不定式作宾语,1.动词后面接动词-ing形式或不定式区别不大。如 attempt, continue, hate, intend, like, love, prefer. They prefer spending/to spend their summer vacation in Dalian.,不定式与动名词用法辨析,辨析1：try to do 和 try doing,Try to do 尽力做某事 I will try to make it a success. Try doing 尝试着做某事 I will try making it a success.,易混淆题型,（2007上海）There is nothing more I can try you to stay, so I wish you good lunch. A. being persuaded B. persuading C. to be persuaded D. to persuade,辨析2：remember/forget/regret,+ to do do未发生 I forgot to post the letter for you. + doing Do已发生 I forgot posting the letter for you.,真题演练,（1999上海） Let me tell you something about the journalists. Dont you remember _ me the story yesterday? A.told B. telling C. to tell D. to have told,辨析3：mean to do和mean doing,Mean to do 打算做某事 I meant to finish this task by tomorrow. Mean doing 意味着 I meant finishing this task by tomorrow.,真题演练,（2000上海春季） You should have thanked her before you left. I meant _, but when I was leaving I couldnt find her anywhere. A. to do B. to C. doing D. doing so,扩展练习,（2002上海春季）In some parts of London, missing a bus means _ for another hour. A. waiting B. to wait C. wait D. to be waiting,辨析4：stop/go on,Stop/go on + to do A 原来没有做过A She stopped to watch TV in the sofa. Stop/go on + doing A 原来做的事就是A She stopped watching TV in the sofa.,真题训练,2006上海）The parents suggested _ in the hotel room but their kids were anxious to camp out during the trip. A. sleep B. to sleep C. sleeping D. having slept,Sleep发生在suggest 之后,Vocabulary: suggest,核心含义：建议 Suggest doing The parents suggested that they (should) sleep in the hotel room. It is suggested that they (should)sleep in the hotel room. The parents suggestion was that they (should) sleep in the hotel room.,Suggest that + should do,1.于名词前,A dancing competition A drinking game A swimming pool A developing country the setting sun the coming week,作定语,于短语后,A house facing north the girl holding a cup is my sister.,作定语,The flowers _ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt 系动词无被动态,1 表示时间，相当于一个时间状语从句。 Having made full preparations, we are ready for the examination. After (since) we have made full preparations, we are ready for the examination. Having arrived home, she is tired and thirsty.,作状语,4 表示条件，相当于一个条件状语从句。 Drinking enough water, you will not be thirsty. You will not be thirsty if you drink enough water.,作状语,ATTENTION,1、要保持主语一致。 【误】Looking out through the window, the garden was beautiful. 【正】Looking out through the window, we saw a beautiful garden. Looked out through the window, the garden was beautiful.,作状语,1.My sister, an inexperienced rider, was found sitting on the bicycle _ to balance it.(08上海) A. having tried B. trying C. to try D. tried 非谓语动作try与句中谓语be found sitting是同时发生的关系,4.Eugenes never willing to alter any of his opinions. Its no use_ with him.(06上海) A. to argue B. arguing C. argued D. having argued,5. After a knock at the door, the child heard his mothers voice _ him.(07上海) A. calling B. called C. being called D. to call,后常跟ing形式的词组,Have difficulty (in) doing sth Have trouble doing sth Spend doing Have a good time doing Have fun doing,TO DO,To be or not to be, that is a question. To die for you is my biggest honor.,常见不定式作宾语的单词,want, demand, like, hate, hope, begin, seem, fail, help, offer, manage, pretend, forget, remember, promise, prepare, learn, expect, agree, determine, prefer, intend,I have a lot of things to do. We should have the will to solve all these difficulties.,作定语,1 表示目的 Im saving up to buy a computer. 有时为了强调或突出这种目的，也可以用in order (not) to do, 和so as (not) to do She cleaned the room in order to welcome her guest.,作状语,_ the employees working efficiency, the supervisor will allow them to have a coffee break. A. Improving B. To improve C. Having improved D. Improved,真题训练,（2000上海春季）He let me repeat his instruction _ sure that I understood what was _ after he went away. A. to make; to be done B. making; doing C. to make; to do D. making; to do,真题训练,（1999上海） Mum, why do you always make me eat an egg every day? _ enough protein and nutrition as you are growing up. A. Get B. Getting C. To get D. To be getting,真题训练,（2007上海春季）_ the safety of gas, the government has checked the citys gas supply system thoroughly. A. To ensure B. Ensuring C. Having Ensured D. To have ensured,表结果,He got to the station only to find the train had gone. Would you be so kind as to lend me your bicycle?,作状语,必备不定式短语,to tell you the truth 说老实话 to begin with 首先 so to speak 可以这么说 to be sure 诚然，固然 to be exact 精确地说,to do him justice 说句对他公道的话 to make a long story short 长话短说 to be frank 坦率地说 to be brief 简言之 to conclude 总而言之,主动表被动的不定式,1、不定式做后置定语 Do you have anything to say on this question? 2 、不定式作形容词的宾语 The book is difficult to understand. 3 、There be结构中 There is nothing to worry about.,补充,省略to的词组,Had better Would rather Might as well Cannot but Cannot help but Do nothing but Rather than,区别：TO的介词短语,be used to 习惯 be related to 与有关 get down to 着手做 be given to 沉溺于 put ones mind to 全神贯注于 give