甘肃省会宁县第一中学2019届高三英语上学期第二次月考习题（含解析）.docx

会宁一中高三级第二次月考英语试题第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AThe best bikes for the beginnersWhen it comes to purchasing your first bike, the choice is endless, making it tough to know what to go for. Here are the best buys on the market right now.Boardman CX CompThis is a cross-country bike, and its so versatile(多用途的)that you can handle any terrain(地势)on it, making it a great choice for those wanting to try various cycling subjects. If you leave on the thick tires it comes with, it can ride on various paths and can even handle some less demanding mountain bike routes. Alternatively, put on thin, slick tires and treat it as a road bike. It has basket and comes with Shimano Sora gears, which are outstanding for its price.650, Halfords.Planet X RT-58 v2Planet X is based in Yorkshire, which means youd probably have to buy this bike without seeing it. But its worth it, because this is an excellent machine at a lower price. Planet X is a highly rated manufacture and this model comes with Shimano Sora gears.439, Planet XSpecialized Allez ESSpecialized is one of the biggest and most popular brands in cycling, and this is its hugely popular primary road bike. It comes with solid components from front to back and youll look great out on the road.575, Evans CyclesBoardman Road Team CarbonIf you can push your budget further still, this bike is worth the extra investment. The frame is made entirely from carbon, which is lighter, faster and more comfortable than the composition metal models above and gives you an all-round more enjoyable ride. It also means that if you get really serious about cycling, you dont have to upgrade as quickly as you would with a cheaper bike800, Halfords1. Compared with other bikes, what is the strength of the Boardman CX Comp?A. Its outstanding price B. Its Shimano Sora gearsC. Dealing with any terrain D. Putting on very firm tires2. Which is suitable for you if you want to buy at an economical price but with Shimano Sora gears?A. Planet X RT-58 v2 B. Specialized Allez ESC. Boardman CX Comp D. Boardman Road Team Carbon3. What can we know about the bikes mentioned in the text?A. The second has sold out so fast.B. You should be careful when riding the third.C. The forth is very expensive but with special material.D. You can only ride the first on the mountainous road。【答案】1. C 2. A 3. C【解析】【分析】本文属于广告内容。本文主要向初学者介绍了四种自行车： Boardman CX Comp、plaset X rt-58 V2、专业ALLEZ ES和Boardman Road Team Carbon四种自行车。【1题详解】细节理解。根据.Boardman CX Comp中的“This is a cross-country bike, and its so versatile (多用途的) that you can handle any terrain (地势) on it”可知这是一个越野自行车，它的用途的如此之多，你可以应付任何地形。其中handle与deal with是同义词。题干Compared with other bikes, what is the strength of the Boardman CX Comp? 文章内容This is a cross-country bike, and its so versatile (多用途的) that you can handle any terrain (地势) on it答案：you can handle any terrain (地势) on itC选项Dealing with any terrain. 关键词handle与deal with是同义词。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Plaset X RT-58 v2中的“Planet XBit worth it, because this is an excellent machine at a lower price. Planet X is a highly rated manufacture and this model comes with Shimano Sora gears.”可知plaset X rt-58 V2价廉但又有禧玛诺SORA齿轮。分析选项可知A项符合题意，故选A项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据Boardman Road Team Carbon部分中的“If you can push your budget further still, this bike is worth the extra investment. The frame is made entirely from carbon, which is lighter, faster and more comfortable than the composition metal models above”可知，如果你能进一步增加预算，这辆自行车值得额外投资。车架完全由碳制成，比上面的金属模型更轻、更快、更舒适。分析句意可知，是说“这第四种车贵，但所用的材料特殊。从四种车的价格可知价格最贵了。分析选项可知C项（非常昂贵的，但有特殊材料）符合题意，故选C项。【点睛】细节理解题之一一对应题之解题策略。语言转述型。这是一类间接事实细节题，答案与题目在意义上运用了词义之间的转述关系，即正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的另一种表达。本题第1小题，根据.Boardman CX Comp中的“This is a cross-country bike, and its so versatile (多用途的) that you can handle any terrain (地势) on it”可知这是一个越野自行车，它的用途的如此之多，你可以应付任何地形。其中handle与deal with是同义词。题干Compared with other bikes, what is the strength of the Boardman CX Comp? 文章内容This is a cross-country bike, and its so versatile (多用途的) that you can handle any terrain (地势) on it答案：you can handle any terrain (地势) on itC选项Dealing with any terrain. 关键词handle与deal with是同义词。故选C。BWith rapid advances in medical science, cloning is slowly but surely looking like it could be in our near future. However, is it really an option that should be considered as a way to extend human life?Reproductive cloning may help human families gain children, but theres also a benefit for the animal world.It brings hope to people eager for children but unable to have their own or adopt. It can also bring about the recreation of species that have long since died, allowing scientists to fully study the species as a living creature instead of simply looking at images or bones.Many believe that cloning can be used to replace failing organs. This will reduce the waiting list for organ donations and allow more people to be saved. Not only that, but because the organ is, in fact, your own organ, there would be less chance of rejection.Cloning could prove helpful in genetic research. Using cloning technologies, genetic researchers would have a better understanding of the composition of genes and the effects of genetic constituents (成分) on human characters. Theres also the possibility of changing genetic constituents in cloned humans, and cloning could help fight genetic diseases.While the cloning of body organs can help extend human life, it could also cause a lot of malpractice (玩忽职守). Along with the ability to clone desired characters, there could be the possibility of people deliberately reproducing undesired characters. This could lead to a rise in malpractices within society.Cloning involves a process of creating identical genes. As such, there would be a lack of diversity in humankind. Scientists believe this lack of diversity will lower the human races ability to adapt.Whatever your view on cloning may be, studies show that the clone would in fact not be completely identical to the original just as twins are not completely identical. Though they might look alike, twins have different personalities and enjoy different things. The same could be said of clones. Even if technology were created in which your memories and thoughts could be transmitted (传送) to the clone, your clone would still be a different person.4. What good might reproductive cloning bring?A. It may help improve human well-being.B. It could contribute to the rising birthrate.C. It could help animals survive deadly diseases.D. It may enable scientists to better study extinct species.5. According to the text, cloning can also be used for .A. organ transplantB. solving the aging problemC. infectious disease treatmentD. constructing a gene database6. Whats one problem cloning may cause?A. Great diversity.B. Individual security risk.C. Increased improper conduct.D. Serious personality disorder.7. Why are twins mentioned in the last paragraph?A. To stress twins similarities.B. To show twins are quite common.C. To carry out deeper research on twins.D. To better illustrate what a clone will be like.【答案】4. D 5. B 6. C 7. A【解析】本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了随着医学科学的迅速发展，克隆技术越来越成熟，但也成为人们争论的焦点。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段It can also bring about the recreation of species that have long since died，allowing scientists to fully study the species as a living creature instead of simply looking at images or bones可知生殖克隆能使科学家更好地研究灭绝物种；故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章While the cloning of body organs can help extend human life，it could also cause a lot of malpractice可知克隆技术可以解决老化问题；故选B。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章Along with the ability to clone desired characters，there could be the possibility of people deliberately reproducing undesired charactersThis could lead to a rise in malpractices within society可知克隆可能会增加不当的行为；故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段Whatever your view on cloning may be，studies show that the clone would in fact not be completely identical to the original just as twins are not completely identical可知提到双胞胎是为了强调双胞胎的相似性；故选A。CMy parents both left school at 14. They could read and write, but except for a quick look at the daily newspaper, reading and writing didnt play a big part in their lives. There were very few books in the house. When I was only 14 years old my father gave me an important letter that hed written to the bank and asked me to check it for grammar and spelling mistakes. And there were quite a lot. He never wrote letters or postcards or even Christmas cards. So when he had to write he wasnt comfortable or confident. Does that mean that my father had a low level of literacy (读写能力)? I dont think so.There are lots of different definitions (定义) of literacy. Some experts define it as having the reading and writing skills that you need to be independent in your everyday life. So, for example, if you can read instructions, write a cheque, fill in a form anything that you need to do in everyday life then you are functionally literate.If you live in a society where most people are literate then you will feel ashamed and avoid situations in which you have to read or write. A friends father finally admitted to his family that he couldnt read when he was 45 years old. He had bought the newspaper every day and pretended to read it.Being illiterate can have a big effect on peoples lives. Worldwide statistics show that literacy problems are associated with poverty and a lack of political power. More women than men are illiterate. Illiterate people have worse health, bigger families and are more likely to go to prison. So literacy campaigns must be a good thing. But dont forget that an illiterate person, or someone with a low level of literacy, isnt necessarily stupid or ignorant (无知的) and may not be unhappy at all. Knowledge and wisdom isnt only found in writing.8. What do we know about the authors father?A. He read a lot. B. He rarely wrote.C. He couldnt write. D. He bought many books.9. What does the author say about “functionally literate” people?A. They are usually mind readers.B. They can read between the lines.C. They are mainly dependent on others.D. They are able to read and write to survive.10. Why did the friends father buy the newspaper regularly?A. To keep his secret.B. To be fashionable.C. To enjoy the daily news.D. To further his study11. What is literacy irrelevant to according to the author?A. Health. B. Poorness.C. Influence. D. Happiness.【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. D【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是与读写能力有关的事情。读写能力有很多不同的定义。一些专家将其定义为拥有日常生活中独立所需的阅读和写作技能。作者认为读写能力与幸福无关。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中He never wrote letters or postcards or even Christmas cards.可知，作者的父亲很少写东西。故选B。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中if you can read instructions, write a cheque, fill in a form anything that you need to do in everyday life then you are functionally literate.可知，关于“functionally literate”的人，作者说他们能够读写来生存。故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句A friends father finally admitted to his family that he couldnt read when he was 45 years old. He had bought the newspaper every day and pretended to read it.可知，这位朋友的父亲经常买报纸是为了保持他的秘密。故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中But dont forget that an illiterate person, or someone with a low level of literacy, isnt necessarily stupid or ignorant (无知的) and may not be unhappy at all. Knowledge and wisdom isnt only found in writing.可知，作者认为识字与幸福无关。故选D。DTenzing left his home when he was ten to work and help his mother，who was looking after their 2-acre ancestral farm after his fathers death. He did temporary jobs for the first few years and then joined a Malaysian construction firm，where he learnt to drive，repair machines, work on the Internet and even speak English fluently.“In those 13 years，I learnt everythingdriving, mechanic work，and how to set up a small factory. This made me gain much confidence to do almost all jobs,” says Tenzing.However, as his mother was getting older, on December 12, 2006, Tenzing returned to his hometown in Assam. Having visited several farms, he came to know that tea could be easily exported and many tea companies were buying tea; so he also decided to grow tea on his farm. But as his family had never grown tea，he had no idea how to do it.Being a layman (外行）in this field, Tenzing went to meet with many tea experts and followed their instructions. But whenever he sprayed pesticide (农药）on his farm, hed get a headache and feel indisposed. So he started looking for alternatives, Tenzing did his research online and finally in 2007, he connected with people from a Canadian non-governmental organization and invited them to his farm, where they trained him. Thus, Tenzing started growing tea organically.Today Tenzing has 25 acres of land, in which 7.5 acres is used for tea planting, and he grows almost all types of fruits and vegetables. His success inspired many, and farmers from other parts of the country also started coming to his farm to learn organic farming. He has trained about 30,000 farmers so far. Every year almost 100 tourists visit his farm from various parts of the world like the UK, Australia, Germany, etc.12. What can we know about Tenzing?A. He was mistreated at a young age. B. He lived a happy childhood.C. He received much formal education. D. He had great learning ability.13. Why did Tenzing want to grow tea on his farm?A. Tea sold very well at that time. B. His mother was getting older.C. His land was best for tea growth. D. He was tired of temporary jobs.14. What does the underlined word “indisposed” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A. Unfair. B. MotivatedC. Uncomfortable. D. Touched.15. Which of the following could be the best title of this passage?A. A hot tourist attraction in AssamB. The biggest tea farm in AssamC. Tenzing, Assams First Organic Tea FarmerD. The conflict between experts and a layman【答案】12. D 13. A 14. C 15. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇人物传记。讲述的是Tenzing在他的农场成功种植有机水果和蔬菜的情况。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“In those 13 years，I learnt everythingdriving, mechanic work，and how to set up a small factory. This made me gain much confidence to do almost all jobs,” says Tenzing.可知，Tenzing他有很强的学习能力。故选D。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中Having visited several farms, he came to know that tea could be easily exported and many tea companies were buying tea; so he also decided to grow tea on his farm.可知，那时茶卖得很好。故选A。【14题详解】词义猜测题。根据第四段中But whenever he sprayed pesticide (农药）on his farm, hed get a headache and feel indisposed.（但每当他在农场喷洒农药，他就会头疼，感觉不舒服。）根据get a headache可知划线词的意思是“不舒服”，故选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段中Today Tenzing has 25 acres of land, in which 7.5 acres is used for tea planting, and he grows almost all types of fruits and vegetables. His success inspired many, and farmers from other parts of the country also started coming to his farm to learn organic farming.（今天，Tenzing拥有25英亩的土地，其中7.5英亩用于种植茶叶，他种植了几乎所有种类的水果和蔬菜。他的成功激励了许多人，其他地方的农民也开始来他的农场学习有机农业。）可知，本文讲述的是Tenzing在他的农场成功种植有机水果和蔬菜的情况。故选C。【点睛】做词义猜测题时要利用上下文提供的情景和线索，进行合乎逻辑的综合分析进而推测词义，千万不能脱离开语境，尤其是要注意划线词前后的内容。本题第3小题，根据第四段中But whenever he sprayed pesticide (农药）on his farm, hed get a headache and feel indisposed.（但每当他在农场喷洒农药，他就会头疼，感觉不舒服。）根据get a headache可知划线词的意思是“不舒服”，故选C。第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HOW TO GET MORE SLEEPMany studies warn that not having enough sleep may lead to serious health problems, affecting our daily life, work and study. Youve probably known this for long, yet you still dont get a full night sleep due to an incredible work schedule. So what can you do to make more time for sleep, and get a better nights rest overall? Invest in a better-quality mattress. If youre sleeping on a years-old, worn-out mattress(床垫), its no wonder why you wake up feeling tired in the morning. _16_ With a new mattress thats better suited to your sleeping habits, youll get to sleep faster and stay asleep consistently. _17_ There are many habits that can affect how much sleep you get, including how much caffeine you consume throughout the day (and when you consume it even a few hours before bedtime can interfere with sleep), whether or not you physically exercise, and how long you spend staring at a digital screen before bed. Take a closer look at your schedule._18_ In Western culture, theres a lot of pressure to fill up our schedules to seem important and socially integrated, so your daily activities might have some faults or unnecessary tasks that can be skipped or delayed. _19_Sleep is even more important than you probably realized, but its entirely within your power to reshape your sleeping habits for good. Make sleep your first priority, scheduling time for it the way youd schedule a meeting, and work the rest of your schedule around it. _20_A.Watch your habits.B.Some habits contribute to a good nights sleep.C.Without enough sleep, you could take more risks in your life.D.A new mattress can be a big investment, but its almost worth the money.E.Draw a line between professional and personal time, and make sleep a higher priority.F.If you feel like youre too busy to sleep, consider taking a second look at your schedule.G.In time, it will become the new routine, and youll improve your health and productivity.【答案】16. D 17. A 18. F 19. E 20. G【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是如何得到更多的睡眠。【16题详解】上文提示“如果你睡在一张破旧的床垫上，那你早上起来感觉累也就不足为奇了。”再根据下文提示“有了一个更适合你睡眠习惯的新床垫，你就能睡得更快，而且始终保持睡眠。”承接上下文，D项A new mattress can be a big investment, but its almost worth the money.（新床垫可能是一笔大投资，但几乎物有所值。）切题。此处关键词mattress，故选D。【17题详解】此空位于段落句首，属于小标题，应该用段小精悍的祈使句，在A/E中选。再根据下文提示“有很多习惯可以影响你一晚睡多长时间，包括你每天消耗多少咖啡因(当你使用它甚至在睡前几小时可以干扰睡眠),你是否身体锻炼,你花多久睡前盯着数字屏幕。”可知此处在讲“习惯”，所以，A项Watch your habits.（观察你的习惯。）切题。故选A。【18题详解】根据小标题“仔细看看你的日程安排。”可知，F项If you feel l