2017_2018学年高中英语大题精做01Unit1Culturalrelics含解析新人教版.docx

Unit 1 Cultural relicsI. 阅读理解阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Passage 1体裁话题词数难度建议时间应用文Pacific Science Center介绍2314分钟 (2017新课标全国卷I)Pacific Science Center GuideVisit Pacific Science Centers StoreDont forget to stop by Pacific Science Centers Store while you are here to pick up a wonderful science activity or souvenir to remember your visit. The store is located(位于) upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laser Dome.Hungry? Our exhibits will feed your mind, but what about your body? Our caf offers a complete menu of lunch and snack options, in addition to seasonal specials. The caf is located upstairs in Building 1 and is open daily until one hour Pacific Science Center closes.Rental InformationLockers are available to store any belongs during your visit. The lockers are located in Building 1 near the Information Desk and in Building 3. Pushchairs and wheelchairs are available to rent at the Information Desk and Denny Way entrance. ID required.Support Pacific Science Center Since 1962, Pacific Science Center has been inspiring a passion(热情) for discovery and lifelong learning in science, math and technology. Today, Pacific Science Center serves more than 1.3 million people a year and brings inquiry-based science education to classrooms and community events all over Washington State. Its an amazing accomplishment and one we cannot achieve without generous support from individuals, corporations, and other social organizations. Visit to find various ways you can support Pacific Science Center.21. Where can you buy a souvenir at Pacific Science Center?A. In Building 1.B. In Building 3.C. At the Laser Dome.D. At the Denny Way entrance.22. What does Pacific Science Center do for schools?A. Train science teachers.B. Distribute science books.C. Inspire scientific research.D. Take science to the classroom.23. What is the purpose of the last part of the text?A. To encourage donations.B. To advertise coming events.C. To introduce special exhibits.D. To tell about the Centers history.【答案】【语篇解读】本文主要从购物点、就餐点、租借服务三方面介绍了Pacific Science Center，并展示了Pacific Science Center为人们做的贡献，呼吁人们的支持。 21. B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的The store is located(位于) upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laser Dome.可知Pacific Science Center的购物点在Laser Dome旁边的3号楼的楼上。故选B。23. A 【解析】目的意图题。根据文章最后一段中的Visit to find various ways you can support Pacific Science Center.可知作者呼吁读者支持Pacific Science Center，也就是鼓励人们为之提供帮助、做贡献。故选A。【名师点睛】一般来说，解答细节理解题时都可采用寻读法。也就是说，考生不必通篇细看原文，而是可以采取带着问题找答案的方法，即先从问题中抓住关键性词语。这种关键性的词语可以被称为定位词，找出定位词，然后以此为线索，快速地捕捉和理解事实或细节，恰当地运用略读、查读等技巧，在文章中寻找与此问题相关的段落、语句，仔细品味，对照比较，确定答案。1. 应用文是阅读理解题中常见的一种体裁，特别是广告。广告简洁明快，语言精炼，篇幅小、信息多。广告类阅读设题多为细节理解题。做这类阅读题的技巧是：先读题目，带着问题有针对性地阅读相关部分，快速寻找有效信息。一般情况下，只要细心都会找到正确答案。2. 说明文中的细节理解与应用文一样，说明文中的阅读理解也偏重考查细节，我们也可以采用先看题，然后带着问题在材料中寻找对应信息的办法答题。3. 记叙文中的细节以理解故事、人物描写等是阅读理解的考查重点之一。做这类题一般也可采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题相关的词语或句子，再对相关词语或句子进行分析对比，获取准确信息，找出正确答案。例如第21题中根据题干中的关键词buy定位到Store，也就是第一段的内容。然后再结合后文中的The store is located(位于) upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laser Dome.就可以得出正确答案。能在文中直接找到信息句子的细节题比较简单，一般设置在第一篇阅读里以减轻考生的紧张心理。所以考生要抓住这一特点，灵活使用解题策略，达到快速、高效的目的。Passage 2体裁话题词数难度建议时间说明文沉默在不同文化中的内涵3287分钟（2016新课标全国卷I）The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups. Silences may be thoughtful, or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornnessm uneasinessm or worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap(间隙) with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a persons needs.Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people, just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what may be implied(暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing. In these cultures, silence is a call for reflection.Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion. However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still another use, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a person in authority.Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patients silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing(治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.32. What does the author say about silence in conversations?A. It implies anger.B. It promotes friendship.C. It is culture-specific.D. It is content-based.33. Which of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful thought?A. The Chinese.B. The French.C. The Mexicans.D. The Russians.34. What does the author advise nurses to do about silence?A. Let it continue as the patient pleases.B. Break it while treating patients.C. Evaluate its harm to patients.D. Make use of its healing effects.35. What may be the best title for the text?A. Sound and SilenceB. What It Means to Be SilentC. Silence to Native AmericansD. Speech Is Silver; Silence Is Gold【答案】【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了沉默在不同文化背景下的不同内涵。33. A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中 what may be implied is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing可知中国人认为谈话时人们沉默是在思考。 34. D 【解析】细节理解题。根据末段末句A nurse who understands the healing value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients 可知，作者建议护士要用沉默来治疗病人。故选D。35. B 【解析】主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了在不同文化背景下谈话期间的沉默的不同含义，由此判断B选项可以概括文章内容。故选B。Passage 3体裁话题词数难度建议时间说明文不同文化中食物的作用2997分钟(2015安徽)Food serves as a form of communication in two fundamental ways. Sharing bread or other foods is a common human tradition that can promote unity and trust. Food can also have a specific meaning, and play a significant role in a family or cultures celebrations or traditions. The foods we eat and when and how we eat them are often unique to a particular culture or may even differ between rural (农村的) and urban areas within one country.Sharing bread, whether during a special occasion (时刻) or at the family dinner table, is a common symbol of togetherness. Many cultures also celebrate birthdays and marriages with cakes that are cut and shared among the guests. Early forms of cake were simply a kind of bread, so this tradition hits its roots in the custom of sharing bread.Food also plays an important role in many New Year celebrations. In the southern United States, pieces of corn bread represent blocks of gold for prosperity (兴旺) in the New Year. In Greece, people share a special cake called vasilopita. A coin is put into the cake, which signifies (预示) success in the New Year for the person who receives it.Many cultures have ceremonies to celebrate the birth of a child, and food can play a significant role. In China, when a baby is one month old, families name and welcome their child in a celebration that includes giving red-colored eggs to guests. In many cultures, round foods such as grapes, bread, and moon cakes are eaten at welcome celebrations to represent family unity.Nutrition is necessary for life, so it is not surprising that food is such an important part of different cultures around the world.72. According to the passage, sharing bread _.A. indicates a lack of foodB. can help to develop unityC. is a custom unique to rural areasD. has its roots in birthday celebrations73. What does the coin in vasilopita signify for its receiver in the New Year?A. Trust.B. Success.C. Health.D. Togetherness.74. The author explains the role of food in celebrations by _.A. using examplesB. making comparisonsC. analyzing causesD. describing processes75. What is the passage mainly about?A. The custom of sharing food.B. The specific meaning of food.C. The role of food in ceremonies.D. The importance of food in culture.【答案】【语篇解读】本文主要介绍的是在不同的文化中，食物在人们庆祝节日、家庭聚会等中都起到了非常重要的作用，代表着团结、成功、兴旺等。72. B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的Sharing bread or other foods is a common human tradition that can promote unity and trust可知答案为B。 74. A 【解析】推理判断题。作者是通过举例来说明食物在节日庆祝中的作用的，比如：在第三段中分别以美国南部、希腊为例，而第四段中则以中国为例。75. D 【解析】主旨大意题。第一段的中心句是Food can also have a specific meaning, and play a significant role in a family or cultures celebrations or traditions；第三段的中心句是Food also plays an important role in many New Year celebrations；第四段的中心句是Many cultures have ceremonies to celebrate the birth of a child, and food can play a significant role。综上所述，可知答案为D。II. 书面表达体裁话题半开放作文，电子邮件邀请外教去参观中国剪纸艺术展(2017新课标全国卷II) 假定你是李华，想邀请外教Henry一起参观中国剪纸（paper-cutting）艺术展。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：1. 展览时间、地点；2. 展览内容。注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_【思路点拨】构思：书信体邀请函 结构：三段论模式 要点：艺术展览时间、地点、内容 靓点：弘扬中国传统文化（剪纸）【写作提纲】首段：问候，写信意图 正文：艺术展览时间、地点、内容（介绍艺术展具体内容，弘扬中国传统文化。） 结束：再次表达邀请之诚意并期待他的到来。 【参考范文】Dear Henry, How is everything going with you lately? I am delighted to invite you to visit the Chinese paper-cutting show. The further details are as follows.First and foremost,the show,whose theme is about Chinese traditional culture will start from June 15th and last for about 4 days in our school hall. As is well-known to us all, paper-cutting is a symbol of luck, happiness and wealth. Moreover, some teachers and students will display their own works. It is a good chance for you to enjoy Chinese folk arts and traditional culture. I am convinced that you are interested in it.Your presence will add much more pleasure to this show. I cannot wait to see you soon.Yours sincerely,Li Hua I. 完形填空体裁话题词数难度建议时间新闻报道故宫文物丢失21616分钟阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。BEIJING, May 19 (Xinhua) Chinas preservation of its cultural relics has come under fire by the public in the wake of a recent theft at a museum in Beijings Forbidden City.On May 9, several 1of art from a Hong Kong 2, which were 3at 10 million yuan (1.54 million U.S. dollars), 4 missing from an exhibition in the Forbidden Citys historic Palace Museum. 5recovered several of the items, 6 not before Chinese citizens 7shock over 8in the Forbidden City.Several days later, news about the existence of an club for9people in the Forbidden Citys Jianfu Palace caused fierce 10by Chinese Internet users. Memberships for the 11were said to cost 1 million yuan.In China, it is not 12to see ancient relics 13for commercial gain, 14 many have sought to capitalize（积累资本）on the historic and 15value of Chinas heritage. 16, land development seems to be an even 17problem for the preservation of Chinas cultural relics.In the city of Hangzhou in east Chinas Zhejiang Province, the 18of an area of land where the 19of a Southern Song Dynasty (11271279) imperial city once stood has gone on without 20 for over a year.1. A. jobs B. works C. science D. literature2. A.collector B. inventor C. producer D. maker3. A. cost B. paid C. valued D. spent4. A. came B. went C. left D. brought5. A. Police B. People C. Staff D. Collector6. A. and B. or C. but D. so7. A. impressed B. expressed C. explained D. implied8. A. security B. danger C. museum D. protection9. A. poor B. wealthy C. famous D. curious10. A. approvals B. supports C. agreements D. objections11. A. club B. company C. school D. museum12. A. usual B. common C. rare D. general13. A. exploited B. explored C. occupied D. taken14. A. like B. for C. with D. as15. A. political B. economical C. cultural D. natural16. A. However B. Likewise C. Anyway D. Therefore17. A. bigger B. smaller C. stronger D. heavier18. A. movement B. excitement C. surprise D. development19. A. remains B. relics C. building D. temple20. A. announcement B. declaration C. approval D. notice【答案】【语篇解读】本文是夹叙夹议性的新闻报道。北京故宫艺术品的丢失，人们熏心利欲的遗址开发，让人们惊醒：文化遗产安全何在？1. B work 艺术作品。2. A collector 收藏者。一位香港收藏者的好几件艺术品丢失了。3. C value 估价。这些艺术品被估价1000万元人民币。4. B go missing 失踪；不见了。5. A 警察追回了一些艺术品。10. A 故宫被富人们用作炫富的俱乐部，当然会引起网民的反对。11. A 上文中已经提到。news about the existence of an club for wealthy people in the Forbidden Citys Jianfu Palace caused fierce objections by Chinese Internet users.12. C 在中国古代遗址被开发利用谋私利（exploit）并不罕见（rare）。13. A 同上。14. D as连词。表示原因。15. C 因为一些人利用历史和文化遗产来积累资本。 16. A 然而土地开发看上去对文化遗产保护构成的一个更大的问题。17. A 解析见上。18. D 上文land development seems to be an even bigger problem for the preservation of Chinas cultural relics有提示。19. A remains 遗迹；遗留物。那里曾经有一个南宋的城市的遗址。20. C approval 批准，许可。这个土地开发项目未经批准已经开始一年多了。II. 阅读理解阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Passage 1体裁话题词数难度建议时间说明文如何申遗2274分钟How does a place become a World Heritage Site (世界遗产)? It takes a lot of people to decide.First, if a country wants one of its places to be on the List of World Heritage Sites, it has to ask the UNESCO (联合国教科文组织). The place must be important and special. The UNESCO put the Great Wall on the list in 1987 because, it said, it was a great part of Chinese culture and beautifully made to go with the land. When a country asks, it must also make a plan for taking care of the place.Second, the World Heritage Committee of the UNESCO talks about different places and decides whether to put them on the list. The committee meets every June. Many experts help the committee to decide.Third, after a new place goes on the list, the UNESCO gives money to help keep it looking good. If a place is in serious danger, it may be put on the List of World Heritage in Danger. The UNESCO gives special care and help to those places.Then, countries have to give the UNESCO regular reports about places on the list. If the UNESCO thinks a country isnt taking good enough care of a place, the site will be taken off the list.1. What can we infer from the passage?A. Becoming a World Heritage Site takes hard work.B. A place with beautiful scenery is often on the List of World Heritage Sites.C. A place which is taken good care of is often on the List of World Heritage Sites.D. The Great Wall became a World Heritage Site for its long history.2. If a place successfully becomes a World Heritage Site, the country _.A. can ask the UNESCO for more money and helpB. should continue to take special care of itC. wont take trouble to care for itD. will try to put it on the List of World Heritage in Danger3. Whats the passage mainly discussing?A. How the World Heritage Committee of UNESCO decides a World Heritage Site.B. How the World Heritage Committee of UNESCO protects a World Heritage Site.C. How the Great Wall became a World Heritage Site.D. How a place becomes a World Heritage Site.4. Whats the purpose of putting a place on the List of World Heritage Sites?A. To attract more tourists from other countries.B. To get more money and help from other countries.C. To have it taken better care of.D. To make it known to other countries.【答案】【语篇解读】一个地方如何成为世界文化遗产呢？本文从四个步骤对此进行了说明。1. A 【解析】推理判断题。从申请到最后成功要进行一系列的工作，由此可推测出申遗成功不易。3. D 【解析】主旨推断题。短文的开头就已经将本文的主题给出，下文是围绕这个主题展开的。 4. C 【解析】细节理解题。使一个地方成为世界遗产的目的在短文中没有明确表示，但通过联合国教科文组织对一个国家的要求可推测出目的是使其得到更好的保护。Passage 2体裁话题词数难度建议时间说明文泰姬陵2705分钟The Taj Mahal(泰姬陵) is a love story, a sad and beautiful one. If it didnt exist, we would easily imagine that the story of its construction was simply a fairy tale. Three hundred years ago, there lived an Indian emperor called Shah Jahan. His wife was a beautiful and bright woman whom he loved greatly. Her title was Mumtaz Mahal: its shortened form Taj Mahal, means pride of the palace. In the year 1630 this beloved wife of the emperor died. He was so broken-hearted that he thought of giving up his throne. He decided out of his love for his wife to build her the most beautiful tomb that had ever been seen.He invited the best artists and architects from India, Turkey, Persia and Arabia and finally, the design was completed. It took more than twenty thousand men working over a period of 18 years to build the Taj Mahal, one of the most beautiful buildings in the world.The building itse