英语必修一Unit4单词讲解1.ppt

Unit4 Earthquakes,要 点 梳 理 高效梳理知识备考 重点单词 1burst vi.爆裂；爆发 n突然破裂，爆发 2event n事件；大事 3nation n民族；国家；国民national adj.国家的，民族的nationality n国籍 4ruin n废墟；毁灭 vt.毁灭；使破产 5suffering n苦难；痛苦suffer v受苦，遭受,6extreme adj.极度的extremely adv. 7injure vt.损害；伤害injured adj.受伤的injury n伤害，损害 8destroy vt.破坏；毁坏；消灭 9useless adj.无用的；无效的；无益的useful(反义词)use v. & n使用，利用 10shock vt. & vi.(使)震惊；震动 n休克；打击；震惊,11rescue n. & vt.援救；营救 12trap vt.使陷入困境 n陷阱；困境 13electricity n电；电流；电学electric adj.用电的；带电的；发电的electrical adj.与电有关的；电学的 14disaster n灾难；灾祸 15bury vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏,16shelter n掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处 17damage n. & vt.损失；损害 18frighten vt.使惊吓；吓唬frightened adj.受惊的,受恐吓的frightening adj.令人恐惧的 19judge n裁判员；法官 vt.断定；判断；判决judgement n判断，判决 20express vt.表示；表达n.快车；速递expression n表达expressive adj.有表现力的,重点短语 1right away立刻 2at an end 结束 3in ruins 成为废墟 4dig out 掘出；发现 5a(great) number of 许多；大量的 6give out 分发；发出(气味、热等),7thousands of 成千上万 8think little of 不重视；不假思索 9blow away 吹走；刮走 10be proud of 以而自豪 11instead of 代替 12be trapped in 陷入之中 13be known for/as 因为/作为出名 14bring in 引进；引来,1. earthquake n. 地震 Eg: It is reported that an earthquake broke out last night in Southeast Asia. 2. right away 立刻；马上 同义词： right now=at once=in no time=immediately right now“立即，马上；此时此刻”，相当于now,1_ he is doing an operation on the patient; please dont disturb him. ARight away BRight now CIn no time DAt once 答案：B 解析：四个短语都有“立即，马上”之意，但right now还有“现在，此时此刻”之意。句意为：他目前正在给病人做手术，请不要打扰他。,即学即练7 (1)I want it to be sent _. 马上把它发出去。 (2)He cleaned the room _. 他立即开始打扫房间。 (3)Hes not in the office _. 他现在不在办公室。,right away,right away,right now,3. well n. 井 Eg: A book is a well of knowledge. They dug a well . adj. 健康的 Eg: I hope you will get well soon. adv. 熟练地，有效地 Eg: He plays the piano very well for his age.,4. smelly adj. 有臭味的，发臭的 Eg: His socks are smelly. 拓展： blood bloody cloud cloudy rain rainy greed greedy 词根：smell 可用作系动词或实义动词，用作系动词时，意为“闻起来”；用作实义动词时意为“闻” Eg: You may smell the mixture and it smells terrible.,smelly: smell+ y = adj. smell n./v (smelt/ smelled) 2.They were all hungry and the food _ good. 3.I can _ something burning in the kitchen. 4.Please throw the _ fish away.,smelt,smell,smelly,1. A _ gas came _ _ the cracks.,smelly,out of,blood + -y = bloody rain + -y = rainy cloud + -y = cloudy wind + -y = windy snow + -y = snowy greed + -y = greedy dream+-y = dreamy taste+ -y = tasty ice + -y = icy fat + -y = fatty mud+ -y = muddy sun + -y = sunny fog + -y = foggy,流血的,多云的,下雪的,幻想的,冷漠的，冰的,泥泞的,肥胖的,下雨的,多风的,贪婪的,美味的,阳光灿烂的,有雾的,5.burst v.（使）爆裂；（使）破裂；（使）爆炸 Eg: You are going to burst the balloon if you are not careful. The balloon suddenly burst. v.猛冲；突然出现 Eg: He burst into the room without knocking. burst into+ n.=burst out doing sth. 突然起来 eg: burst into laughter=burst out laughing,eg: 她突然笑起来。 She burst out laughing. She burst into . 他突然大哭起来。 He burst out crying. He burst into . n. 突然爆裂，爆发 短语：a burst of 一阵 eg: 一阵笑声,laughter,tears,a burst of laughter,勃然大怒,a burst of anger,burst into,burst with,闯入,充满,1(2010四川绵阳中学)When a boy with dirty spots on the face came in, people present all burst _ laughing while he burst _ tears. Ainto; in Binto; out Cout; into Dout; in 答案：C 解析：考查固定搭配。句意：当一个满脸脏兮兮的男孩进来时，在场的人都笑起来，而他却哭起来。burst out laughing表示“突然大笑起来”，burst into tears表示“突然大哭起来”，都是固定搭配。,6 at an end 结束，终结 eg: 炎热的天气终于结束了。 The hot days are at an end at last. The hot days come to an end at last. be at an end = come to an end 结束 短语：put an end to=bringto an end 使结束 eg: 他们应该结束战争。 They should put an end to the war. They should bring the war to an end. 辨析：at an end, in the end, at the end of, by the end of,6. It seemed as if the world was _ _ _.,at,an,end,at the end of “在末端，终点，结尾”表时间 by the end of 用于表示时间，“到结束的时候”，时态用完成时; in the end=at last =finally 意思“最后、终于”。,Compare: be at the end of =come to an end by the end of in the end,1). at an end: 表示“终结，结束”，与be动词连用。 eg: 战争结束了。 The war was at an end.= The war came to an end. 2). in the end: 表示“最终，终于”，单独使用作状语。 eg: 最终他们放弃了那项计划。 They gave up the plan in the end. (at last) 3). at the end of: 表示“在的尽头/末尾” eg: 今年年底，我父亲要回家。 My father will come home at the end of this year. He is at the end of his patience. 他已经忍耐到极限了。,即学即练8 (1)The year is _. 这一年已到年终了。 (2)The meeting _. 会议结束了。 (3)Go straight and youll find the hospital _ the road. 一直往前走，你会在这条路的尽头找到这家医院。,at an end,came to an end,at the end of,1) . His father will return home _this year. 2) . He will be a scientist _. 3) . How many English words had you learned _ last term?,at the end of,in the end,by the end of,as if 好像；似乎；仿佛。,She was sitting there as if nothing had happened.,7. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in_.,ruins,in ruins : 废墟,Compare: ruin ; destroy ; damage,拓展： be in ruins 呈一片废墟 bring sth to ruin 使某物毁灭 bring sb to ruin 使某人破产,damage指部分“损坏”、“损害”、“破坏”或指使用价值有所降低。它可以用作动词,也可以用作名词,用作名词时常与to something 连用。The accident did a lot of damage to his car. destroy 只能用作动词,指彻底破坏,以致不可能修复,常作“破坏”、“毁灭”解,也可以指希望、计划等打破。 The earthquake destroyed the whole town.,指损害健康，成就，容貌等，强调功能的丧失，常指事故中的伤害,普通用语，既可指肉体上的伤害，也可指精神上，感情上的伤害,指枪伤，刀伤，刺伤等皮肉之伤，尤指战场上所受的伤,一般指伤害有生命的东西，常指伤及人的健康，权利，事业等,A bullet injured his left eye. 一颗子弹伤了他的左眼。,I dont want to hurt you. 我不想伤害你。,The soldier was wounded badly. 这位士兵严重受伤。,Smoking seriously harmed his health. 吸烟严重地损害了他的健康。,应用2 (1)The robber _ him with a knife. 那强盗用刀刺伤了他。 (2)These criticisms have _ his pride deeply. 这些批评使他的自尊心深深地受到了伤害。 (3)Two people have been badly _ in the accident. 有两个人在这次事故中严重受伤了。 (4)Dont _ your eyes by reading in dim light. 不要在昏暗的灯光下看书，以免损伤眼睛。,wounded,hurt/injured,injured,harm,Their jokes _ him deeply. Smoking will _ his health. He was slightly _ in the car accident. He got _ in the fighting. What you said _ my feeling.,have hurt,injure,injured,wounded,hurt,10.injure指损害健康，成就，容貌等，强调功能的损伤 hurt普通用语，既可指肉体上的伤害，也可精神上，感情上的伤害 You hurt me! wound特指战场上受伤,9shock n. U；C打击；震惊；震动；休克 vt. 使震惊，使惊愕 be shocked at/by (doing) sth. 被震惊 be shocked to do sth. 惧怕做某事 It shocked sb. to see/hear. 看见/听到使某人震惊。 (be) a shock to sb. 对某人来说是个打击,shock ：n. 打击；震惊， 震动 be a shock to sb对某人是一种打击 The news of his wifes death was a terrible shock to him. shocked adj. 惊愕的，感到震惊的 shocking adj. 令人震惊的 shocking : adj. 使人震惊的 His passing the exam was shocking to his parents.,即学即练4 (1)The news of his wifes death was _ him. 他妻子去世的消息对他打击太大了。 (2)He _ her smoking. 看到她在吸烟，他很吃惊。 (3)_ to see how my neighbours treated their children.看到邻居们如何对待孩子，我感到震惊。,a terrible shock to,was shocked at,It shocked me,提示：shocked adj. 感到惊奇的，惊讶的(主语多为人) shocking adj. 令人气愤的，令人惊讶的(主语多为物),rescue （1） n. C,U 救援，营救；救援行动 eg: The rescue team made ten rescues in a week. （2） vt. 救援，拯救，解救 搭配：rescue sb/sth from 把从（地方）解救出来 eg: They rescued the boy from the burning house.,a rescue team 救援队 rescue worker 救援人员 trap （1） vt. （trapped）困住，关住，使陷入危险中 搭配：be trapped in 困在中 eg: The car was trapped in the deep snow. （2） n. C陷阱；困境；圈套，诡计 eg: She had set a trap for him and he had walked straight into it.,disaster n. 灾难，灾祸 Eg: The fire was a great disaster. 拓展： a traffic disaster 一起交通事故 natural disaster 自然灾害 a disaster area 灾区 dig out (dug) 挖出，翻找出 Eg: Why did you dig out those old magazines?,bury vt. 埋葬；掩埋；隐藏 bury oneself in study 埋头研究 bury oneself in (doing) sth. 专心致力于(做)某事 be buried in thoughts 沉思 bury ones face in ones hands 双手掩面 be buried alive 被活埋；隐居,. bury vt. 埋葬，掩埋，隐藏 eg: 她被安葬在她丈夫的坟边。 She was buried beside her husbands grave. 她双手捂着脸哭了起来。 She buried her face in her hands and cried. 短语：bury oneself in=be buried in. 专心于， 埋首于 bend ones mind/efforts/thoughts to devote oneself to=be devoted to 专心于，献身于 be lost in 陷入中,12. frighten vt. 使惊吓，吓唬 frightened adj. 受惊的，受恐吓的 frightening adj. 令人恐惧的 短语：be frightened at 受惊吓，见大吃一惊 be frightened of sb/sth 害怕某人/某物 同义词：shock 近义词：surprise,congratulation n. 祝贺；恭贺；贺词 搭配： offer/send ones congratulations to sb on sth 因某事向某人表示祝贺 Eg: We offered our congratulations to him on his success. congratulate vt.祝贺 搭配：congratulate sb on sth 因某事祝贺某人 congratulate oneself on sth/doing sth/that 暗自庆幸 Eg: I heartily congratulate myself on having chosen a good woman to be my wife.,6judge v. 断定；判断；判决 n. 裁判员；法官；评判员 judgement n. 判断，审判，意见，判断力 judging by/from 从上看，根据判断 judge sb./sth. fr