2020版高考英语一轮复习Unit4LivingPlanet教案（含解析）重庆大学版.docx

Unit 4Living Planet一、单词写 得 准用 得 活(用所给词的适当形式填空)1.continent n大陆；陆地2.decade n十年3.rise n. 上升 4.observe vt. 庆祝5.highlight vt. 突出；强调 6.decrease vi./vt. 减小；减少 7.erupt vi. (火山)喷发 8.release vt. 释放9.sign vi./vt. 签字n. 符号10.measure vi./vt. 测量；量11.tourism n. 游览；观光12.swell vi./vt. 鼓起；肿胀13.urgent adj.紧急的；急迫的；迫切的urgency n紧急；迫切14.depth n深(度); 深奥deep adj.& adv.深的；深深地deeply adv.强烈地；深刻地15.relatively adv.相对地relative adj.相对的 n亲戚relate vi./vt.联系；把和联系起来relation n关系related adj.相关的16.appreciation n欣赏；感谢appreciate vt.欣赏；感谢17.extremely adv.极端地；非常地extreme adj.极端的；极度的18.affect vt.影响；感动affection n喜爱；钟爱19.reduction n减少；降低reduce vt.减少；缩小20.explore vt./vi.探索；勘探；考察exploration n探索；探险explorer n勘探者；探险家1.It is reported that the new traffic rules contribute to the reduction (reduce) of the number of traffic accidents.2.The bride appreciated Sun Li at the wedding ceremony but this appreciation seemed not to be enough.(appreciate)3.Though my house is relatively small, I often invite my relatives or friends to dinner, which makes our relations improved greatly.(relative)4.Deeply affected by Janes story, I cant help conveying my deep affection to her.(affect)5.Many explorers came here to explore the mountain.Without doubt, its worth the exploration.(explore) 6.Under such extreme weather, the visitors met with extremely great difficulties in the process of reaching White Bird Canyon.(extreme)7.The lake is over 20 meters in depth.So we were all moved deeply by the man who dived deep into the lake to save the boy.(deep)1.聚焦serve结尾动词observe观察；遵守deserve应受；值得conserve保存；保守preserve保存；保护reserve保留；预订2.rupt结尾动词集合erupt (火山)喷发interrupt 打扰corrupt 腐败abrupt 唐突bankrupt 破产3.“出版，发行”说法多release v. 发布；推出publish v. 出版issue v. 发行；发布come out 出版；出现bring out 公布；出版4.后缀ism名词一览tourism旅游业criticism 批评realism 现实主义socialism社会主义pessimism悲观主义二、短语写 得 准用 得 活(选用左栏短语填空)1.at_least 至少 2.far_away 遥远；深远 3.be_covered_with/by 被所覆盖 4.make_up 形成、构成或组成某物 5.play_a_role_in_. 在方面起作用 6.keep_.from_. 阻止；抑制 7.block_out 遮住；挡住 8.carry_out 实施；实行；执行 9.be_made_up_of 由构成；组成 10.break_off 折断；脱落；突然停止 11.get/be_involved_in 涉及；参与 12.break_away 突然离开；脱离 13.sign_the_treaty 签订条约14.float_away_into 漂离到1.Shakespeares play Hamlet has been made into at_least ten different films over the past years.2.Several problems about how to_carry_out our plan came up in the meeting yesterday.3.We can put the potatoes in salted water to keep them from turning black.4.He tried to_break_off the broken branch but failed in his attempt.5.It had been snowing heavily, and the ground was_covered_with/by a thick layer of snow.1.at短语训练营at least/most至少/多at first 起初at last 最后at times 有时at once 马上at home 在家；在国内at present 目前2.make短语速记make up 构成；化妆make sure 确保，证实make it获得成功；准时达到；渡过难关make up for 弥补make a difference 有作用make sense 讲得通；有意义make up ones mind 做出决定三、句式背 原 句明 句 式学 仿 写1.The distance from the North Pole to the equator is a little longer than that from the equator to the South Pole.从北极到赤道的距离比赤道到南极的距离要长一点。that指代与前面提到的相类似但不是同一个的事物。令黛拉高兴的是，她首先赢得了她的学生的信任，然后又获得了同事的信任。To her joy, Della earned first the trust of her students and then that_of_her_colleagues.2.The flattening and swelling are too small to see.(两极的)扁平和(赤道的)凸出都太小无法察觉。too .to .意为“太而不能”。他太紧张了以至于在老师面前一句话也说不出来。He was_too_nervous_to_speak a word before the teacher.3. If you were in a rocket near the moon, you would not be able to see Mount Everest at all.如果你乘火箭到月球附近，你将无法看到珠穆朗玛峰。if条件从句表示对现在情况的虚拟。如果我是你，我就不会对她大喊大叫。If_I_were_you,_I would not shout at her.第一板块核心单词归纳集释1observe vt.庆祝；观察；注意到；遵守高考佳句Most of us observed much more as children than we do as adults.(2018天津高考)我们大多数人在孩提时代比成人后观察得更多。一词多义写出下列句中observe的含义Though having lived abroad for years, many Chinese still observe the traditional customs.遵守Thanksgiving Day is observed as a general holiday by the American people.庆祝The scientist devoted most of his lifetime to observing the behaviour of the chimps.观察The police observed the man entering/enter the bank.注意到(1)observe sb.do sth.观察某人做某事(全过程) observe sb.doing sth. 观察某人正在做某事 observe that . 观察/注意到(2)observe the traffic rules 遵守交通规则observe Christmas 庆祝圣诞节The guard observed a young man stealing (steal) from the office, and he tried to approach him quietly.门卫注意到一位年轻人正从办公室里偷东西，他试图悄悄地靠近他。名师指津observe用于被动语态时，作主语补足语的不定式须带to。The thief was observed to_open (open) the window and run away.有人发现贼打开窗户逃跑了。 2. affect vt.影响；感动；(疾病)侵袭高考佳句From the experience I learned a lot about how the attitude of the leader can affect the members of a team.(2018天津高考)从这次经历中我学到了很多关于一个团队的领导者的态度如何影响一个团队中的成员的。一词多义写出下列句中affect的含义The reader was deeply affected by his novel.感动His left lung is affected by cancer.(疾病)侵袭Once he has made up his mind, nothing can affect his decision.影响(1)be greatly/deeply affected by被深深打动be affected by heat/cold 中暑/着凉be affected with high fever 发高烧(2)affection n. 喜爱；钟爱have affection for 喜爱；钟爱(3)effect n. 作用；影响have an effect on 对产生影响A lack of exercise will leave your body weak, easily affected (affect) by disease.缺乏锻炼造成你的身体虚弱，容易遭受疾病的侵袭。She said she had affection for her hometown.她说她钟爱她的家乡。3decrease vi./vt.减小；减少教材原句Sunspots may decrease precipitation on the earth and cause unusually dry periods.太阳黑子可能会减少地球上的降水，导致异常干燥的时期。(1)decrease to减少到decrease by 减少了decrease from .to . 从减少到(2)on the decrease 在减少(a) decrease in sth. 减少某物The traffic accidents in the city decreased by 30% last year.该城市去年交通事故减少了30%。In our school, the number of students who are addicted to the Internet is on the decrease.在我们学校，迷恋网络的学生数目正在下降。Because of the poor service, the restaurants profit this year decreased from 10,000,000 to 500,000.由于服务差，这家餐馆今年的利润从10 000 000减少到500 000。名师指津decrease to .表示“降到点”；decrease by .表示“降了多大幅度”。有类似用法的动词还有increase, reduce, decline, drop等。.基础点全练(单句语法填空/补全句子)1They have a proper appreciation (appreciate) of his great ability.2The doctors have taped up (包扎) my swollen (swell) ankle.3The area, measuring (measure) 5 kilometres by 3 kilometres, has been purchased by the army.4We felt at home with her and were impressed with the depth (deep) of her knowledge.5Thinking it over for a while, she signed her name to the document.6After the conflict resolution program was started in Atlanta, it was found that there was a decrease in classroom violence.7Relatively_speaking_(相对而言), this matter is unimportant.8The number of the students in our school has_decreased_to (已减少到) 1,200.重难点多练1observe面面观(1)单句语法填空When I passed his house, I observed him playing (play) in his yard.He is often observed to_cheat (cheat) at cards.Observe (observe) carefully if any change occurs when doing homework.(2)根据汉语提示完成片段 当我们参加游行庆祝国庆节的时候，必须遵守交通规则。如果我们看到有人正在闯红灯，我们就要阻止他。 When we attend the parade to_observe_National_Day,_we must observe_the_traffic_rules.If we observe_someone_running_the_red_light,_we should stop him.2affect多棱镜(1)补全句子尽管发高烧，他仍然继续工作。Affected_with_high_fever,_he continued with his work.他去世的消息使她深感悲痛。She was_deeply_affected_by the news of his death.(2)一句多译听众被深深地打动了，他们长时间热烈鼓掌。The audience were_deeply_affected,_and they warmly applauded for a long time.Deeply_affected,_the audience warmly applauded for a long time.(3)句型转换We want to know whether the drug affects peoples health.We want to know whether the drug has_an_effect_on peoples health.阅读词汇专练根据语境选出highlight的词性和词义(A)v.照亮(B)v.突出；强调(C)v.用彩笔做标记 (D)n.最好的部分1His speech highlighted the need for educational reform._B_2Several lit candles highlighted the faces._A_3Her performance was the highlight of the show._D_4Ive highlighted the important passage in yellow._C_第二板块短语句型归纳集释1keep .from . 阻止；抑制 教材原句They keep the polar regions from getting overly cold.他们阻止极地地带变得过冷。(1)keep sb.from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事(from不可省略)(2)prevent/stop sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事(from可省略，但在被动语态中不可省略)(3)protect sb.from (doing) sth. 保护某人不受某物的侵袭(from后接能带来伤害或损害之物)As is known to us all, shoes play an important role in our life, for they can protect our feet from being_hurt (hurt)众所周知，鞋子在我们的生活中起着重要的作用，因为它们能保护我们的脚免受伤害。We are supposed to prevent the factory from pouring waste water into rivers.The waste water is supposed to be_prevented/stopped/kept_from_pouring into rivers.我们应该阻止工厂把废水注入河流。2be made up of 由构成；组成 教材原句Unlike the Arctic in the North, which is just made up of ice, Antarctica is an actual land mass.不像北部的北极，它只是由冰组成的，南极洲实际上是一块大陆。be made up ofbe composed ofconsist of由构成；组成make up 组成，构成；虚构；编造；弥补；整理；化妆This medical team is made up of (is_composed_of/consists_of) five doctors and ten nurses.这个医疗队由五名医生和十名护士组成。 Not only sunshine but also hard times make_up life.生活中不仅仅有阳光，还有艰难的日子。3The flattening and swelling are too small to see.(两极的)扁平和(赤道的)凸出都太小无法察觉。句中使用了too .to .结构。该结构的具体用法如下：(1)tooadj./adv.to .表示否定意义，意为“太而不能”；它可以与not enough .to .或so .that .句式相互转换。The question is too difficult for him to_work_out.这个问题太难了，他解决不了。He is too young to go to school.He is not_old_enough_to go to school.He is so_young_that he cant go to school.他太小了，不能去上学。(2)tooadj.to .表示肯定意义， 其中too后主要接的是表示心情、情绪的词，如glad, pleased, happy, eager, anxious, willing等，意为“做某事太/非常”。He was too eager to_know (know) the result of his examination.他迫切想知道考试的结果。(3)cant .too .表示肯定意义，意为“无论怎样也不过分”。You cant_be_too_careful while crossing the street.过马路时你再怎么小心也不过分。.基础点全练1单句语法填空/补全句子I feel strongly that each of us should play a role in making the earth a better place to live in.We put a piece of paper across the window to block out the sunlight.The cost of renting a house in central Xian is higher than that in any other area of the city.If I _had_seen (see) the film, I would have told you about it.They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, which prevents heat (from) escaping (escape) from the earth into space.If you are_involved_in (涉及) an accident, you are required to remain at the scene until the officer lets you go.Onethird of the country is_covered_with (被所覆盖) trees and the majority of the citizens are black people.2运用所学短语完成片段I suggest you go on a diet or at_least (至少) stop eating too much fat meat and sweets.Since your home is not far_away (遥远) from the work office, you had better walk there every day.In order to carry_out (实施) your plan of losing weight, dont make_up (编造) any excuses.Besides, you may be/get_involved_in (参与) some proper sports activities, which play an important role in keeping_you_from (阻止你) getting too fat.重难点多练1be made up of点点练(1)介词填空To cheer the little boy up, the teacher made up a story.The exploring team is made up of five American people.A sentence is composed of several words put together.(2)一句多译委员会由教授和工程师组成。The committee is_composed_of professors and engineers.The committee is_made_up_of professors and engineers.The committee consists_of professors and engineers.2too .to全方位(1)句型转换Im afraid Im not wise enough to follow your argument.Im afraid Im too_stupid_to follow your argument.You must be very careful when you do your homework.You cant_be_too_careful when you do your homework.It was too cold for us to go shopping.It was so_cold_that we couldnt go shopping.(2)一句多译她看小说看得太专注了，没注意到老师的到来。She_was_too_absorbed_in_reading_novels_to_notice_the_coming_of_the_teacher. (too .to .)She_was_so_absorbed_in_reading_novels_that_she_didnt_notice_the_coming_of_the_teacher. (so .that .)单元语基落实.单句语法填空1They are a teenager band made (make) up of four cool boys.2The population of China is larger than that of America.3She found it extremely (extreme) difficult to get a job.4The police decided to put him under observation because he looked dangerous.5If I had got there earlier, I would have_met (meet) Mr.Li.6Tom told his story, breaking off now and then to wipe the tears from his eyes.7Some animals, in order to keep themselves from being_attacked (attack) by the enemies, go out for food at night.8Compared with last year, our coal output has decreased by 20%.9I cant go out with you tonight because I have something urgent (urgency) to deal with.10With the governments aid, those affected (affect) by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.单句改错1A stranger was observed go to his house by his neighbour.go前加to2He was an allround genius.Nothing was so difficult for him to learn.sotoo3The climate of Guangzhou is much better than one of Lanzhou.onethat4If I was you, I wouldnt accept her advice.waswere5We have no idea when the housing prices will decrease by the level we can afford.byto6The table measured one and a half metres wide should be removed from this r