2019年高中英语Unit2EnglisharoundtheworldSectionⅡWarmingUp.docx

Section Warming Up & Reading - Language Points一、这样记单词记得准写得对记得快记得多.基础词汇1.elevator n电梯；升降机2.native adj. 本国的；本地的n. 本地人；本国人3.apartment n. 美公寓住宅；单元住宅4.vocabulary n. 词汇；词汇量；词表5.spelling n. 拼写；拼法.拓展词汇1.base vt.以为根据 n基部；基地；基础basic adj.基本的；基础的2.gradual adj.逐渐的；逐步的gradually adv.逐渐地；逐步地3.enrich vt.使富裕；充实；改善rich adj.富有的4.latter adj.较后的；后半的；(两者中)后者的latest adj.最近的；最新的later adj.后期的lately adv.近来；最近late adj.迟的；晚的5.identity n本身；本体；身份identify v认出；鉴定6.fluent adj.流利的；流畅的fluently adv.流利地；流畅地fluency n流利；流畅7.frequent adj.频繁的；常见的frequently adv.常常；频繁地1.同义词(英美英语)petrolgas n汽油flatapartment n. 公寓liftelevator n. 电梯undergroundsubway n. 地铁picturemovie n. 电影rubbereraser n. 橡皮2.反义词latter adj. 后者的former adj. 前者的3.转化法(n.v.)base n基部；基地；基础vt.以为基础block n街区；块；木块；石块v.阻塞command n命令；指令；掌握vt.命令；指令；掌握request n请求；要求vt.请求；要求4.派生法(v.ingn.)spellspelling n. 拼写writewriting n. 写作；书写listenlistening n. 听readreading n. 读feelfeeling n. 感情二、这样记短语记牢固定短语多积常用词块1.because_of因为；由于2come_up 走近；上来；被提出3at_present 目前；现在4make_use_of 利用；使用5such_as 例如；像这种的6be_based_on 以为基础7more_than 超过；多于8be_different_from 与不同9communicate_with 和交流10a_number_of 大量的；许多1.in/on a team在球队2an official language 一门官方语言3at the end of the 16th century 在16世纪末4make voyages/a voyage 航海5native English speakers 以英语为母语的人6enrich the English language 丰富了英语这门语言7a wider vocabulary 更大的词汇量8as a foreign or second language 作为一门外语或第二语言三、这样记句式先背熟再悟通后仿用1.Why not go by Underground?为什么不乘坐地铁去呢？Why not .？“为什么不？”表示向别人提出建议。 Why_not_base your idea on the truth?为什么不把你的想法建立在事实的基础上呢？2.Native English speakers can understand each other even if they dont speak the same kind of English.以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以相互理解。even if even though引导让步状语从句，意为“即使；尽管”。Even_if/though_I_am_busy_with_my_lessons,_I have managed to find time to hang out with my friends.(2017天津高考书面表达)尽管我忙于功课，我还是设法挤出时间和朋友们在一起。3.It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础，而我们今天所说的英语不是。more . than .与其说倒不如说。In my opinion, he is more_lucky_than_clever.依我看来，与其说他聪明倒不如说他幸运。1(教材P9)Later in the next century, people from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world and because of that, English began to be spoken in many other countries.后来，在17世纪，英国人开始出海远航以征服世界其他地区。于是，许多别的国家开始说英语。because of 因为；由于We have made such great progress because of your help.由于你的帮助，我们才取得这么大的进步。(1)because of是介词短语，后接名词、代词、动名词或what引导的宾语从句。(2)because是从属连词，引导原因状语从句。The sports meeting had to be put off because of the heavy rain.The sports meeting had to be put off because it rained heavily.由于下大雨，运动会不得不延期举行。She didnt come to the party because_of what you had said.因为你所说的话，她没来参加这个聚会。2(教材P10)Native English speakers can understand each other even if they dont speak the same kind of English.以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以相互理解。native adj. 本国的；本地的 n本地人；本国人(1)ones native country/land/language某人的祖国/故乡/母语be native to 原产于(2)be a native of . 的人；生长于的动物或植物As a matter of fact, French is not my native language.事实上，法语不是我的母语。Is her uncle a native of Shanghai, or just a visitor?她叔叔是上海本地人，还是只是一名游客？The researcher says the tiger is native to India.研究人员说这种虎产于印度。3(教材P10)Id like to come up to your apartment.我很乐意到你的公寓去。come up 走近；上来；被提出；发生；发芽；(太阳、月亮等)升起写出下列句中come up的含义A foreigner came up to me and asked the way to the station.走近In order to finish the task on time, a good piece of advice came up at the meeting.被提出When the moon came up, the young people began their celebration.升起Ill let him know if anything comes up.发生名师点津come up作“被提出；被谈到”讲时为不及物动词短语，不能用于被动语态；come up with“提出；想出”，其主语为该动作的发出者，宾语为表示“建议、计划、方案等”的名词。试比较：A good way to settle the problem came up at the meeting.在会上提出了一个解决这个问题的好办法。They came up with a good way to settle the problem at the meeting.在会上他们提出了一个解决这个问题的好办法。4(教材P10)Actually all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other.事实上，当不同文化互相交流渗透时，所有的语言都会有所变化、有所发展。actually adv. 实际上；事实上in fact as a matter of fact实际上；事实上He looked calm, but actually he was very nervous.他看起来很镇定，但实际上却非常紧张。As a matter of fact/In fact, I dont know the truth.事实上，我不知道事情的真相。5(教材P10)It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础，而我们今天所说的英语不是。base vt.以为根据/基础；基于n.基部；基地；基础(1)base . on .以为的基础be based on/upon 以为基础/依据(2)basic adj. 基本的；基础的One should always base his opinion on facts.一个人应该始终以事实为依据发表自己的观点。In my diary, I set down a series of things that are all based on/upon facts.在我的日记里，我记下了一系列有事实根据的事情。Based (base) on a true story, the film is very popular.以一个真实的故事为基础，这部电影非常受欢迎。at present现在；目前(1)at the present time (at present)目前；现在for the present 目前；暂时(2)be present at 出席Im getting along well with my new classmates at present.目前，我与我的新同学相处愉快。He doesnt know how to deal with the difficult situation for_the_present.暂时他不知道该怎样应对困难的局势。All the people (who_were)_present_at the meeting were moved by his story.所有出席会议的人都被他的故事打动了。6(教材P10)So by the 1600s Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before.所以到17世纪，莎士比亚所用的词汇量比以前任何时期都大。make use of 利用；使用make good use of好好利用make the best/most of 充分利用make full use of 充分利用make little use of 很少利用Youd better make full use of this chance to improve your English.你最好充分利用这次机会提高你的英语。The wise use should be_made (make) of such expensive material.应该明智地使用这种昂贵的材料。Scientific knowledge should be made full use of to_help (help) us live a happy life.充分利用科学知识，帮助我们过上幸福的生活。7(教材P10)The latter gave a separate identity to American English spelling.后者体现了美式英语拼写的不同特征。latter adj. 较后的；后半的；(两者中)后者的(1)the former . the latter .前者，后者(2)later adj. 后期的lately adv. 近来；最近The latter point is very important.后一个论点非常重要。Of the two, the_former is more useful than the_latter.两者之中前者比后者更有用。Believe it or not, I met him again three years later (late)信不信由你，三年后我再次遇见他。8(教材P10)English is also spoken in Singapore and Malaysia and countries in Africa such as South Africa.在新加坡、马来西亚和非洲的一些国家，例如南非，人们也说英语。such as 例如；像这种的He can speak six languages, such as Chinese, Russian, German and so on.他会讲六种语言，例如汉语、俄语、德语等。辨析比较such as, for examplesuch as用来列举事物，用在列举的事物与前面名词之间，一般列举同类人或事物中的几个例子，as后面不可有逗号for example用来举例说明前面说过的话或提出的观点，一般列举同类人或事物中的一个，位置灵活，可位于句首、句中和句末，往往用逗号隔开 The old man is concerned about many teenagers, such_as John, Peter and Tom.这位老人关心许多青少年，例如约翰、彼得和汤姆。Id like to keep a pet, for_example,_a dog.我想养宠物，比如养狗。1Native English speakers can understand each other even if they dont speak the same kind of English.以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以相互理解。even if意为“即使；尽管”，相当于even though，引导让步状语从句。Even if he knows the secret, hell not let it out.即使他知道这个秘密，他也不会泄露的。He is willing to help us even_if/though_he_is_very_busy.尽管他很忙，他还是愿意帮我们。He came to say goodbye to me even_if/though_it_was_raining_heavily.即使下着大雨他也来为我送别。2It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础，而我们今天所说的英语不是。(1)more . than .与其说倒不如说；比多；比更(2)more than与数词连用，表示“超过；不止”，相当于over(3)more thann.意为“不只是；不仅仅”As far as I know, he is more careful than the others.据我所知，他比其他人更仔细。When her son lied again, she was more_sad_than_angry.当她儿子再次撒谎时，与其说她生气倒不如说她伤心。They have been in love for more than 5 years.他们相爱已经5年多了。They are more_than classmates. They are close friends.他们不只是同学，还是知心朋友。.单句语法填空1I am very busy at present, and I cant join in your game.2His story is_based (base) on his own experience when he was studying in Harvard University.3Animals such as cats, dogs and horses are mans friends.4John and James are brothers; the former is a doctor, and the latter (late) is an engineer.5As we all know, the panda is native to China.6Your spare time should be made full use of to_make (make) up your missed lessons.词汇替换(每空一词)1Because there was heavy fog, the freeway was closed for the time being.Because of the heavy fog, the freeway was closed for the time being.2No one believed it, but, in fact, Helen did get an A on her math.No one believed it, but, actually,_Helen did get an A on her math.No one believed it, but as a matter of fact,_Helen did get an A on her math.3The problem, which is being discussed now, is connected with the future of our school.The problem, which is being discussed at present,_is connected with the future of our school.4Many questions about how to learn English came up at the meeting.They came up with many questions about how to learn English at the meeting.5Although we could afford it, we wouldnt go abroad for our vacation.Even if/though we could afford it, we wouldnt go abroad for our vacation.6The dog is not only a pet, but also it is my friend.The dog is more than a pet; it is also my friend.一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高.单词拼写1My wife is a(n) native (本地的) New Yorker, but Im from China.2The voyage (航行) from England to India used to take six months.3A good decision is based (以为基础) on ones knowledge and experience.4By the age of two a child will have a(n) vocabulary (词汇量) of about two hundred words.5The police asked him to show his identity (身份) card before he entered the room.6Both English and French are official (官方的) languages in Canada.7I want an apartment (公寓) with two bedrooms and a kitchen.8Having studied Chinese for two years, now she can speak Chinese fluently (流利地).单句语法填空1We hold such an activity to enrich (rich) our school life.2He said that he used to make voyages to Africa at that time because of his business.3Actually (actual), he is an honest and reliable person, whom you can depend on.4Gradually (gradual), they are tired of life in the noisy city.5Since he came to power, he has paid several official (office) visits to some foreign countries.6Many questions came up at the meeting, but he answered none.7We must speak English frequently (frequent) in order to improve spoken English.8The differences between British and American spelling (spell) are slight.选词填空because of， a large number of， at present， be different from， such as， than ever before， make use of， more than， come up， communicate with1As soon as the idea came_up,_people present all thought highly of it.2They didnt climb the mountain because_of the rain.3Make_use_of every chance you have to speak English.4Weve planted lots of different flowers, such_as roses and lilies.5In order to find a better job, more and more people are working hard to learn all kinds of skills at_present.6Its necessary that young and old people should communicate more with each other.7More_than one student was tired of his long and boring speech.8Dont trust him. Usually what he has said is_different_from what he has done.9More money is spent on the improvement of living conditions than_ever_before.10With a_large_number_of things to settle, I cant go to see a film with you.课文语法填空So why has English changed 1.over time? Actually all languages change and develop 2.when cultures meet and communicate with each other. At first the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different from the English 3.spoken (speak) today. It was based more 4.on German than the English we speak at present. Then gradually between about AD 800 and 1150，English became 5.less (little) like German because those 6.who ruled England spoke first Danish and later French. These new settlers enriched the English language and 7.especially (especial) its vocabulary. So by the 1600s Shakespeare was able to make use of a 8.wider (wide) vocabulary than ever before. In 1620 some British 9.settlers (settle) moved to America. Later in the 18th century some British people 10.were_taken (take) to Australia too. English began to be spoken in both countries.串点成篇微表达我不了解学英语的正确方法，这使我很伤心。一天，我走上前去(come up)就如何学好英语征求我们英语老师的意见。他让我目前(at present)要尽可能经常地(frequently)使用英语。此外，他告诉我要充分利用(make good use of)每一个机会用英语同他人如(such as)老师、同学和室友等交流(communicate with)。最后他说，任何方法都建立在努力的基础上(be based on)。因为(because of)我的努力，我的英语成绩有了很大的提高。I_didnt_know_the_correct_way_to_learn_English,_which_made_me_upset._One_day,_I_came_up_to_our_English_teacher_and_asked_him_for_advice_on_how_to_learn_English_well._He_asked_me_to_try_to_use_it_frequently_at_present._Besides,_he_told_me_that_I_should_make_good_use_of_every_chance_to_communicate_in_English_with_others_such_as_my_teachers,_my_classmates,_and_my_roommates._In_the_end,_he_said_that_any_method_is_based_on_hard_work._Because_of_my_hard_work,_my_English_has_improved_a_lot.二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧.完形填空When a person is curious about something, it means he is interested in it and wishes to know more about it. There is nothing _1_ with curiosity in itself. Whether it is good or bad _2_ on what people are curious about.Curiosity is _3_ silly or wrong. Some persons with nothing to do are _4_ of curiosity about what their neighbors are doing. They are _5_ to know what they are eating or drinking, what they are bringing home or taking out or _6_ they have come home so early or late. To be interested in these things is _7_ because they are not important at all. It is none of their _8_ to know what neighbors do or are doing. Such curiosity is _9_ not only foolish but also harmful. For most probably, it _10_ to small talk which often brings _11_， shame or disrespect to others, and thus hurt their feelings.On the other _12_， there is a noble curiosity the curiosity of the wise, who _13_ at all the great things and try to find out all they _14_ about them. Columbus could _15_ have found America if he had not been _16_. James Watt would not have made the steam engine _17_ his curiosity about the raising of the kettle lid (水壶盖). All the great discoveries and inventions in human history have been made _18_ a result of curiosity. _19_ the curiosity is never about unimportant things, which have _20_ or nothing to do with the happiness of the public.语篇解读：每个人都有一颗好奇的心，那么好奇是好事还是坏事呢？本文就这一问题展开了论述。1A.goodBwrongCright Dspecial解析：选B结合后面的“Whether it is good or bad”可知，好奇本身没有什么错。2A.works BputsCtakes Ddepends解析：选D好奇是好还是坏取决于人们所好奇的事情。 depend on “依靠；取决于”。3A.always BsometimesCseldom Dneither解析：选B根据后面讲述的内容可知，好奇有时候是愚蠢或错误的。4A.full BfondCproud Dlack解析：选A结合 “with nothing to do” 可知，有些无所事事的人就对他们的邻居做什么充满了好奇。5A.angry BworriedCpleased Danxious解析：选D由“curiosity”一词可知，他们急切地想知道邻居家吃什么或喝什么。6A.how BwhenCwhy Dwhere解析：选C他们好奇邻居为什么回来得这么早或晚。7A.silly BnecessaryCpossible Dfunny解析：选A与该段首句 “Curiosity is _3_ silly or wrong.” 可知，对这些事情好奇是很愚蠢的。8A.work BhomeworkCduty Dbusiness解析：选D因为他们好奇的事情不重要，也与他们无关。 It is none of sb.s business “与某人无关”。9A.nothing BanythingCsomething Deverything解析：选C这样的好奇是不仅愚蠢而且有害的东西。 something 在此表示“某种东西”。10A.refers BleadsCcauses Dresults解析：选B这样的好奇会导致一些小的争吵。 lead to “导致；造成”。 refer to “提及；参考”； resul