2019年高中英语Unit4MakingthenewsSectionⅠWarmingUp.docx

Unit 4 Making the newsNewspapersThe printed newspaper first appeared in 1450 in Europe. The daily was published for the first time in 1650.News of Frankfort (法兰克福新闻) published in 1615 is regarded as the first “real newspaper”. Wai zhong xin bao (外中新报) was the first published Chinese newspaper in 1858. It was established in Hong Kong. TVJohn Logie Baird, the Scottish inventor, obtained the worlds first real television picture in his laboratory in October, 1925, and showed it to the British public on January 26, 1926. He is remembered as the father of mechanical (机械式) television.WebsitesThe story of the Internet begins in the late 1950s. The Pentagon set up a research team in 1958 to create a computer network to operate during disasters like a nuclear war.In 1985, the National Science Foundation created a network which provided a free national service to any US. research and education institution. All those networks finally joined the Pentagons network to form the Internet.In the 1990s, anyone with a computer, a modern, and Internet software could link up to the Internet.Section_Warming Up & Reading PrereadingMY FIRST WORK ASSIGNMENT“Unforgettable”， says new journalistNever will Zhou Yang (ZY)forget his first assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper.His discussion with his new boss, Hu Xin (HX), was to strongly influence his life as a journalist.HX：Welcome.Were delighted youre coming to work with us.Your first job here will be an assistant journalist. Do you have any questions?ZY：Can I go out on a story immediately?HX：(laughing) Thats admirable， but Im afraid it would be unusual！ Wait till youre more experienced.First well put you as an assistant to an experienced journalist.Later you can cover a story and submit the article yourself.ZY：Wonderful.What do I need to take with me？I already have a notebook and camera.assignment saInmnt n任务；分配unforgettable nfetbl adj.难忘的；永远记得的journalist dnlIst n记者；新闻工作者was to do sth.在此处表示“必将/注定做某事”。delighted dIlaItId adj.快乐的；欣喜的be delighted (that) .对感到高兴are coming为现在进行时，表示将来。assistant sIstnt n助手；助理；售货员on prep.在从事；处于情况中admirable dmrbl adj.值得赞扬的；令人钦佩的unusual njul adj.不同寻常的；独特的put . as .把视为/列为cover vt.采访；报道；覆盖submit sbmIt vt.递交；呈递(文件等)(常与to连用)我的第一项工作任务“难以忘怀”，新记者说以上部分译文周阳永远不会忘记他在一家很受欢迎的英语报社的第一项工作任务。他同新上司胡新的讨论对他的记者生涯必将产生重大的影响。胡：欢迎你。非常高兴你来和我们一起工作。你在这里首先是当助理记者。有什么问题吗？周：我可以马上外出采访吗？胡：(笑)值得表扬，但是恐怕这样就不太合乎常规了！等到你比较有经验以后才行。首先我们要派你给有经验的记者做助手。以后你就可以自己采访新闻，提交新闻稿了。周：太棒了。我需要带什么？我已经有一个笔记本和一部相机了。HX：No need for a camera. Youll have a professional photographer with you to take photographs. Youll find your colleagues very eager to assist you, so you may be able to concentrate on photography later if youre interested.ZY：Thank you. Not only am I interested in photography，but I took an amateur course at university to update my skills.HX：Good.ZY：What do I need to remember when I go out to cover a story?HX：You need to be curious. Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information you need to know.We say a good journalist must have a good “nose” for a story.That means you must be able to assess when people are not telling the whole truth and then try to discover it. They must use research to inform themselves of the missing parts of the fessional prfenl adj.专业的；职业的 n专业人员，profession prfen n职业；专业photographer ftrf n摄影师photograph ftrf n照片 vt.给照相colleague kli n同事eager i adj.渴望的；热切的be eager to do sth.渴望做某事assist sIst vt.帮助；协助；援助concentrate knsntreIt on集中；全神贯注于photography ftrfI n摄影amateur mt n业余爱好者course nC课程；进程；过程update pdeIt vt.更新；使现代化Not only部分倒装句，but (also)陈述语序。acquire kwaI vt.获得；取得；学到onlyif/when引导的状语从句置于句首时，主句用部分倒装语序。have a good “nose” for对有敏锐的“嗅觉”assess ses vt.评估；评定 (judge)inform Infm vt.告知；通知inform sb. of sth.告知某人某事以上部分译文胡：不需要相机。你将带上一名专业摄影师去拍照。你将发现你的同事们会很热情地帮助你，因此如果你对摄影感兴趣，也许以后你可以集中精力去研究它。周：谢谢你。对摄影我不仅只是感兴趣，在大学里我还选修过业余摄影课来更新我的摄影技术。胡：很好。周：我外出采访时还需要记住些什么呢？胡：你需要保持好奇心。只有提很多不同的问题，你才能获得你需要的信息。我们说，一个好的记者必须对新闻有非常敏锐的“嗅觉”。那就是说，在人们还没有说出全部真相之前，记者就要能够作出判断，并力求发现真相。他们必须通过调查研究来获悉被遗漏的那部分情况。ZY：What should I keep in mind？HX：Here comes my list of dos and donts：dont miss your deadline， dont be rude, dont talk too much, but make sure you listen to the interviewee carefully.ZY：Why is listening so important?HX：Well，you have to listen for detailed facts.Meanwhile you have to prepare the next question depending on what the person says.ZY：But how can I listen carefully while taking notes？HX：This is a trick of the trade. If the interviewee agrees, you can use a recorder to get the facts straight. Its also useful if a person wants to challenge you.You have the evidence to support your story. ZY：I see！Have you ever had a case where someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick？keep (sth.) in mind记住(某事)，句中what为keep的宾语。deadline dedlaIn n最后期限interviewee Intvjui n参加面试者；接受采访者interviewer n面试者；采访者detailed adj.详细的；细致的；精细的meanwhile minwaIl adv.其间；同时depend on依靠；依赖，此处用现在分词短语作状语。what the person says为宾语从句，作介词on的宾语。take notes做记录；记笔记a trick of the trade行业诀窍，trade此处意为“行业，职业”。get the facts straight澄清是非；把事实弄得准确无误challenge vt.对提出质疑；挑战case keIs n情况；病例；案例accuse . of因指责或控告accuse kjuz vt.指责；谴责；控告get the wrong end of the stick完全误解；弄错以上部分译文周：我还要注意些什么呢？胡：下面是我的行为准则：不要超过最后期限，不可对人粗鲁，不可自己说得太多，务必认真倾听被采访人的回答。周：为什么倾听这么重要呢？胡：你得听清楚事实的细节。同时，你还要根据被采访人所说的话准备提出下一个问题。周：但是我在做记录的同时如何仔细倾听呢？胡：这就是我们职业的诀窍了。如果被采访人允许，你可以使用录音机录下全部事实。如果有人提出质疑，这也有用。你就有证据来支持你的报道。周：我明白了！你有没有遇到过这种情况：别人控告你的记者，说他(她)们的报道完全失实？HX：Yes, but it was a long time ago.This is how the story goes. A footballer was accused of taking money for deliberately not scoring goals so as to let the other team win.We went to interview him. He denied taking money but we were sceptical. So we arranged an interview between the footballer and the man supposed to bribe him.When we saw them together we guessed from the footballers body language that he was not telling the truth.So we wrote an article suggesting he was guilty.It was a dilemma because the footballer could have demanded damages if we were wrong.He tried to stop us publishing it but later we were proved right.ZY：Wow！That was a real “scoop”Im looking forward to my first assignment now.Perhaps Ill get a scoop too!HX：Perhaps you will.You never know.go vi.流传；表达；进展deliberately dIlIbrtlI adv.故意地score goals进球so as to do sth.为了做，作目的状语。deny dInaI vt.否认；拒绝sceptical skeptIkl adj.怀疑的(美skeptical)guilty IltI adj.犯罪的；有罪的；内疚的dilemma dIlem n(进退两难的)困境；窘境demand dImnd n需求；要求 vt.强烈要求publish pblI vt.出版；发行；发表；公布prove sb. (to be) adj./n.证明某人scoop skup n抢先获得的新闻、利润等；勺子；铲子以上部分译文胡：有，不过这是很久以前的事了。事情是这样的：一位足球运动员被指控受贿，故意不进球，好让别的队赢球。我们去采访了他。他否认受贿，但我们很怀疑。因此我们为足球运动员和那个被认为行贿的人安排了一场采访。当我们看见他们在一起时，从足球运动员的身体语言我们猜出他没有说出真相。所以我们写了一篇文章暗示他曾受贿。这陷入了一个窘境，因为如果我们错了，这位足球运动员就可以向我们索要赔偿。他试图阻止我们公布该消息，但后来我们被证明是对的。周：哇！那真是独家新闻。我现在盼望得到第一个任务。或许我也能找到独家新闻！胡：你也许会。谁知道呢。PrereadingPlease match the words with their proper meanings.1delightedAhelp someone2admirable Bstrange; not happening often3unusual Cgive a plan, piece of writing etc.to someone in authority for them to consider or approve4assist Dworthy of admiration5submit Every pleased; happy6profession Fwant very much to do something7eager Gdecide or fix the value of (sth.)8update Hgain sth.by your own efforts, ability or behaviour9acquire Ia job; an occupation which needs special training10assess Jbring sth.up to date; modernize11inform Kfeel ashamed12meanwhile Lsay strongly that you must have sth.13guilty Mgive information or knowledge to14demand Nat the same time15_610_1114_答案：15EDBAC610IFJHG1114MNKLLeadinHow do you know what is happening around us or even abroad?WhilereadingFastreading1What is the purpose of the writer to write the passage?To show us the necessary skills to become a good reporter.2Match each section with their main meanings according to the duties of a journalist.Section 1Ato protect a story from accusationsSection 2 Bto get an accurate storySection 3 Cto work in a team_答案：CBACarefulreadingRead the text and choose the best answers.1Which one is FALSE about “what a reporter needs to remember when going out to cover a story？”AHe needs to be curious.BA good reporter must have a camera.CHe has to listen to the detailed facts.DIf necessary he can use a recorder.2“A good reporter must have a nose for a story.” probably means a reporter _.Ahas a sense about what is going to happenBis able to hide a story that may reflect badly on himCis able to ask the truth from the one who is interviewedDcovers a whole story from the interviewee3According to Hu Xin, which statement doesnt belong to the list of donts?ADont miss the deadline.BDont talk too much.CDont be rude.DDont take any notes while listening.4Why can not Zhou Yang go out on a story at once?ABecause he is not experienced yet.BBecause he cant get a scoop.CBecause he is not curious enough.DBecause he doesnt know the list of dos and donts.答案：14BADAStudyreadingAnalyze the following difficult sentences in the text.1Suppose you were to be a journalist for China Daily, do you know what kinds of jobs they have?句式分析这是一个主从复合句。Suppose you were to be a journalist for China Daily实际是一个条件状语从句，并采用与现在事实相反的虚拟语气；后面的do you know .是主句。尝试翻译假设你要成为一名中国日报的记者，你知道他们有哪些工种吗？2Youll find your colleagues very eager to assist you, so you may be able to concentrate on photography later if youre interested.句式分析尝试翻译你将发现你的同事们会很热情地帮助你。因此如果你对摄影感兴趣，也许以后你可以集中精力去研究它。3Not only am I interested in photography, but I took an amateur course at university to update my skills.句式分析本句中 not only .but (also) .连接两个并列分句，且 not only 后的分句采用了部分倒装结构。尝试翻译对摄影我不仅只是感兴趣，在大学里我还选修过业余摄影课来更新我的摄影技术。4Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information you need to know.句式分析本句是倒装句，其正常语序是You will acquire all the information you need to know only if you ask many different questions。 尝试翻译只有提很多不同的问题，你才能获得你需要的信息。.阅读理解AEDMONTON, CANADA The Etzio is one of the oldest buildings in one of the citys oldest neighbourhoods, but its set to be knocked down.Edmontonians are hoping more can be done to preserve (保留) more of the citys history.“The reason the area is popular in the first place is because its a historic neighbourhood. And I think its important that we preserve that history，” said Mark Wilson, owner of Vivid Print, a shop on Whyte Avenue at 103 Street.Wilsons business is located in a building two doors down from the Etzio, a building that is more than a century old. But after 117 years on Whyte Avenue, the building is coming down to make way for a new threefloor development.“It has become acceptable to simply pull down old buildings and put up new buildings that look old，” said Wilson. “The words on the sidewalks here say historic area. Well, its not historic if all the buildings are 10 years old.”Its a move that disappoints Wilson and others on the street who believe more should be done to keep the character of Edmonton.“I think in this area its important because it keeps the flavour of Edmonton, and Edmonton is known for Whyte Ave.，” said a woman on Saturday afternoon.“Some of the old culture should still be there, I think，” added a man who was walking along the street. “It makes Edmonton unique (独一无二的). Without it,_it just becomes another mall or it could be any other city in the world.”Wilson looking fondly at the old building believes a little piece of history is lost with every building thats torn down.After the Etzio building is torn down, the Old Strathcona Hotel and the Ross building will be the only two buildings left from the 1800s.语篇解读：本文是一则新闻报道。古建筑面临拆除，市民多有不舍。1Why does Wilson consider the Etzio important?AIt helps him develop his business.BHis neighbours live there.CIts a symbol of history.DHis shop is inside it.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“because its a historic neighbourhood”可知，Wilson认为Etzio重要是因为它是有着100多年悠久历史的古建筑，是历史的见证。2In Wilsons eyes, what will be done to the city is _.AacceptableBpopularCunpleasant Dstrange解析：选C推理判断题。根据第四段Wilson说的话和第五段中的“Its a move that disappoints Wilson”可以推测，Wilson对于拆除Etzio这一做法感到不愉快。3What does the underlined word “it” in the text refer to?AThe Etzio building. BThe old culture.CEdmonton. DThe street.解析：选B代词指代题。倒数第三段中连续出现了四个代词it；我们先来分析第一个it：It makes Edmonton unique，这句中的It指代上一句中的Some of the old culture；接着的这句Without it, it just becomes another mall or it could be any other city in the world中的第一个it指代的也是the old culture，第二、三个it均指代Edmonton。该段的大意为：古老的文化应该保留下来，这些古老的文化使得Edmonton很独特；如果没有这些古老的文化，那么Edmonton这个地方就会变成另一个商场，或者和世界上的任何一座城市没什么区别。4Which can be the best title for the text?A117yearold building to be torn downBNew development being met with disagreementsCEdmonton business owner makes a moveDOld buildings in Edmonton face an uncertain future解析：选A标题归纳题。本文是一则新闻报道，文章首段就点明了主旨，即：The Etzio is one of the oldest buildings in one of the citys oldest neighbourhoods，but its set to be knocked down。由此可知，A项作标题统领了全文。BFREMONT, Calif. Among a large group of people who are starting Silicon Valley companies and websites, its hard to find one more inspiring than 17yearold Suraya Shivji.After teaching herself to program iPhone gaming apps (应用软件) and getting them posted on Apples App Store, the Fremont teen is using them along with a crowdfunding campaign (大众筹资活动) she began this year on her website, Rizikitoto to raise money for African orphans (孤儿)So far, Rizikitoto has helped Suraya raise about D|S1,300 for the children, with money from each app given to a particular child. Suraya talked about her plans in an interview.Q：What caused you to want to help these children?A：I went to Africa a couple of years ago, and my sister and I volunteered at an orphanage in Uganda. Most of the children I worked with were 10 and 11. The orphans were really talented and really bright. I just saw the need. I liked the idea that anyone like me could help.Q：What made you think of using your gaming apps?A：I taught myself how to program a few years ago. The apps are great. But I didnt want them to just sit on the App Store as stupid games. And then I thought of connecting each one to a kid at the orphanage I worked at. So thats how it started.Q：Do you make money by having people pay to download them?A：A couple of them must be paid for but the rest are free with advertisements. The first ones were free, because I wanted to get_things_rolling. But Im pretty sure from now on Ill have all of them paid for, because its the best way to grow successfully.Q：How do you see Rizikitoto developing?A：I can see it being pretty big. I want other kids to program apps for the company, so it wont be just myself. Im trying to reach out to other groups, too. And Id like to work on more projects like this.语篇解读：本文是一则新闻报道。来自加州的17岁女孩为非洲孤儿筹集资金。5Whats the best title for the text?AGive Kids a HandBMake Money from AppsCApps for African OrphansDA Special African Teenage Girl解析：选C标题归纳题。文章是一则新闻报道，第二段中的“program iPhone gaming apps . to raise money for African orphans”点明了文章的主旨。故C项作标题贴切。6Suraya came up with the idea of helping African orphans _.Abecause of her trip to UgandaBunder the influence of her sisterCtogether with other volunteers in AfricaDafter she saw the hardship at an orphanage解析：选A细节理解题。根据第一个问答的内容可知，Suraya去了乌干达的一家孤儿院，在那里的亲身感受促使她想要帮助这些孩子。7The underlined part“get things rolling”probably means “_”Amake an early startBmake an experimentCmake things begin smoothlyDmake things easy and simple解析：选C词义猜测题。根据画线部分前的“The first ones were free”可知，Suraya因为想在一开始让事情顺利运转起来，所以才将一些游戏软件设定成免费。8What does Suraya think of the future of Rizikitoto?AWorrying. BUncertain.CChallenging. DBright.解析：选D推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“I can see it being pretty big.”以及接下来Suraya希望更多的人参与其中可知，她对Rizikitoto的未来充满信心，认为其前景乐观。CDuring an airport delay (延误) the man to the left, a Korean perhaps, starts talking to the man opposite, who might be Colombian, and soon they are chatting away in what seems to be English. But the native English speaker sitting between them cannot understand what they are saying.The Korean and the Colombian are actually speaking Globish, the latest addition to the 6,800 languages that are said to be spoken across the world. Not that its inventor, JeanPaul Nerrire, considers it a proper language.“It is not a language; it is a tool，” he says. “A language is the vehicle of a culture. Globish doesnt want to be that at all.” It is a means of simplifying the English language and giving it rules so it can be understood by all.Globish involves a vocabulary limited to 1,500 words, short sentences, basic grammar rules, and many hand gestures to get the point across. The word list goes from “able” to “zero”. “Niece and nephew are not included, but you can replace them with the children of my brother，” Nerrire says.The seeds for Globish came about in the 1980s when Nerrire was working for IBM in Paris with colleagues of about 40 nationalities. At a meeting where they were to be addressed (演讲) by two Americans whose flight had been delayed, they started talking in their lowquality English. Then the Americans a