2019年高中英语Unit1CulturalrelicsSectionⅠWarmingUp.docx

Section Warming Up & ReadingPre-readingEvery year, the World Heritage Committee chooses natural and cultural places around the world that have global (全球的) importance. They name these places World Heritage Sites. When a place becomes a World Heritage Site, it can receive money from the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) to help protect it.But even when a place is an official World Heritage Site, it can still be at risk. Every year, the World Heritage Committee looks at World Heritage Sites that could be in danger. From these, they decide which places they will put on their official List of World Heritage in Danger.There are many reasons that a World Heritage Site becomes endangered. For example, places can become endangered through natural ecological (生态的) damage. Over time, wind and water can break down natural areas.Another risk to natural areas around the world is climate change. For example, rising temperatures affect the Sagarmatha National Park. In the park stands Mount Everest, the worlds tallest mountain. Beautiful ice glaciers on the top of the mountain are now melting. It also affects the local plants and animals.Much of the risk to World Heritage Sites comes from human acts. Abu Mena is an ancient Christian city in Egypt. It is a historical site made of many old stone buildings. Abu Mena was listed as a World Heritage Site in 1979. Recent farming projects in the area caused underground water levels to rise. This makes the ground unstable (不稳定的). Some of the buildings of Abu Mena fell. The Egyptian government put sand at the base of some of the buildings. But the site is still in danger.Section_Warming_Up_&_Reading_Prereading IN SEARCH OF THE AMBER ROOMFrederick William ， the King of Prussia， could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history. This gift was the Amber Room, which was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it. The amber which was selected had a beautiful yellowbrown colour like honey. The design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days. It was also a treasure decorated with gold and jewels， which took the countrys best artists about ten years to make.In fact, the room was not made to be a gift. It was designed for the palace of Frederick . However, the next King of Prussia, Frederick William ， to whom the amber room belonged， decided not to keep it. In 1716 he gave it to Peter the Great. In return， the Czar sent him a troop of his best soldiers. So the Amber Room became part of the Czars winter palace in St Petersburg. About four metres long, the room served as a small reception hall for important visitors.Frederick William /fredrIk wIljm fst/ 腓特烈威廉一世(普鲁士国王)Prussia /pr/ n(史)普鲁士amazing /meIzI/ adj.令人吃惊的amaze /meIz/ vt.使吃惊；惊讶could never have done 绝不可能做过(用于对过去情况的推测)；that引导宾语从句，作imagined的宾语。which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰the Amber Room；其中又包含一个because引导的原因状语从句。select /sIlekt/ vt.挑选；选择honey /hnI/ n蜜；蜂蜜design /dIzaIn/ n设计；图案；构思 vt.设计；计划；构思fancy /fnsI/ adj.奇特的；异样的 vt.想象；设想；爱好style /staIl/ n风格；风度；类型in the fancy style 以奇特的风格decorate /dekreIt/ v装饰；装修decorate . with 用装饰/装修jewel /dul/ n. C珠宝；宝石jewellery n. U 珠宝(总称)artist /tIst/ n艺术家过去分词短语decorated with .作后置定语，修饰a treasure; which引导非限制性定语从句，对a treasure起补充说明的作用。be designed for 为而设计belong /bIl/ vi.属于；为的一员belong to 属于，无进行时态和被动语态。to whom . 是to whom引导的非限制性定语从句。in return 作为报答；回报Czar /z/ n沙皇troop /trup/ n群；组；军队a troop of 一群；一组St Petersburg /snt pitzbg/ n圣彼得堡serve as 充当reception /rIsepn/ n接待reception hall 接待厅寻找琥珀屋第12段译文普鲁士国王腓特烈威廉一世绝不可能想到他送给俄罗斯人民的厚礼会有这样一段令人惊讶的历史。这件礼物就是琥珀屋，它之所以有这个名字，是因为建造它用了好几吨的琥珀。选出来的琥珀色彩漂亮，呈现蜂蜜一样的黄褐色。琥珀屋的设计采用了当时流行的奇特的建筑式样。它也是一件用金银珠宝装饰起来的珍品。一批这个国家最优秀的艺术家用了大约10年的时间才把它完成。事实上，这个琥珀屋并不是作为礼物来建造的。它是为腓特烈一世的宫殿而设计(制作)的。然而，下一位普鲁士国王，腓特烈威廉一世，这个琥珀屋的主人却决定不要它了。在1716年，他把琥珀屋送给了彼得大帝。作为回赠，沙皇则送给他一队自己最好的士兵。这样，琥珀屋就成了沙皇在圣彼得堡冬宫的一部分。这间琥珀屋长约4米，被用作接待重要来宾的小型会客室。Later, Catherine had the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her summers. She told her artists to add more details to it. In 1770 the room was completed the way she wanted. Almost six hundred candles lit the room, and its mirrors and pictures shone like gold. Sadly, although the Amber Room was considered one of the wonders of the world, it is now missing.In September 1941, the Nazi army was near St Petersburg. This was a time when the two countries were at war. Before the Nazis could get to the summer palace, the Russians were able to remove some furniture and small art objects from the Amber Room. However, some of the Nazis secretly stole the room itself. In less than two days 100,000 pieces were put inside twentyseven wooden boxes. There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for Knigsberg， which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea. After that, what happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery.Recently, the Russians and Germans have built a new Amber Room at the summer palace. By studying old photos of the former Amber Room, they have made the new one look like the old one. In 2003 it was ready for the people of St Petersburg when they celebrated the 300th birthday of their city.,Catherine /krIn seknd/ 叶卡捷琳娜二世句中the way也可理解为as，表示“正如；按照”。lit v点亮；照亮(light的过去式)wonder n. C奇迹；奇观；奇事missing adj.消失的；不见的when为关系副词，引导定语从句，修饰先行词a time，此处when相当于at/during which。at war 处于交战状态remove /rImuv/ vt.移动；搬开furniture n家具(总称)，为不可数名词，可用a piece of/an article of(一件), much, little等修饰。less than 少于wooden /wdn/ adj.木制的doubt /dat/ n怀疑；疑惑 vt.怀疑；不信Knigsberg /knIsbg/ n哥尼斯堡the Baltic Sea /bltIk si/ 波罗的海what引导主语从句并在从句中作主语。remain linkv.保持；继续；依然，其后常接名词或形容词作表语。mystery /mIstrI；US mIstrI/ n神秘；神秘的事物former /fm/ adj.以前的；从前的when they . 是when引导的时间状语从句，不是定语从句。第35段译文后来，叶卡捷琳娜二世派人把琥珀屋搬到圣彼得堡郊外她避暑的宫殿中。她叫她的工匠增添了更多精细的装饰。1770年，这间琥珀屋按照她的要求完成了。将近600支蜡烛照亮了这个房间，里面的镜子和图画就像金子一样闪闪发光。可悲的是，尽管琥珀屋被认为是世界上的奇迹之一，可是现在它却消失了。1941年9月，纳粹德国的军队逼近圣彼得堡。这是在两国交战的时期。在纳粹分子到达夏宫之前，俄罗斯人能够把琥珀屋里的一些家具和小件艺术品搬走。可是琥珀屋本身却被一些纳粹分子偷偷地运走了。在不到两天的时间里，10万个部件被装进了27个木箱。毫无疑问，这些箱子后来被装上火车运往哥尼斯堡，当时在波罗的海海边的一个德国城市。从那以后，琥珀屋发生了什么仍然是一个谜。近来，俄罗斯人和德国人已经在夏宫建起了一个新的琥珀屋。通过研究琥珀屋原来的照片，他们建造的新琥珀屋看起来和旧的很像。2003年，圣彼得堡人民就用它来庆祝该市建成300周年。 对应学生用书P3PrereadingPlease match the words with their proper meanings.1rareA使吃惊；惊讶2valuable B设计；构思；图案3survive C移动；搬开4amaze D稀罕的；罕见的；珍贵的5select E装饰；装修6design F贵重的；有价值的7fancy G怀疑；疑惑；不信8decorate H幸免；幸存；生还9doubt I挑选；选择10remove J奇特的；想象；设想15_610_答案：15DFHAI610BJEGCLeadinDo you know these cultural relics? Match them with the pictures and write down the countries they belong to.NamePictureCountry1.The Potala Palace, LhasaFChina2.The Leaning Tower of PisaBItaly3.The Site of OlympiaDGreece4.The Eiffel TowerAFrance5.The StonehengeCBritain6.The Taj MahalEIndiaWhilereadingFastreadingSkim the text and complete the following questions.1Whats the main idea of the text?AThe Amber Room is the eighth wonder of the world.BHow was the Room created and missing and the way that people looked for the Amber Room.CThe Amber Room was lost during the war and never to be found again.DThe life of Frederick William .答案：B2Match the main idea of each paragraph.Para. 1Achanges about the owners of the Amber RoomPara. 2 Bthe rebuilding of the Amber RoomPara. 3 Cthe introduction of the Amber RoomPara. 4 Dthe missing of the Amber RoomPara. 5 Ethe improvement of the Amber RoomPara. 1_C_Para. 2_A_Para. 3_E_Para. 4_D_Para. 5_B_ Carefulreading()True (T) or False (F)1The Amber Room has a strange history._T_2The Amber Room was first built to be a gift._F_3The Amber Room as well as its contains was stolen by the Nazi army._F_4No one has seen the Amber Room since it was put on a train for Knigsberg._T_5Frederick William gave the Amber Room to Peter the Great in order to get a troop of his best soldiers._F_()Read the text carefully and choose the best answers.1The King of Prussia who gave the Amber Room as a gift to Russia was _.AFrederick BFrederick William CPeter the Great DCatherine 2In 1941, the city of Knigsberg belonged to _.AGermany BRussiaCSweden DFrance3From the last paragraph, we can infer that_.Athe Russians and Germans dont think the Amber Room will be found some dayBa new Amber Room has been built in St Petersburg, RussiaCboth the Russians and Germans have built new Amber Rooms in their own countriesDthe city of St Petersburg was built in 17054The author introduces the Amber Room in the order of _.Atime BspaceCimportance Dlogic答案：14BABAStudyreadingAnalyze the following difficult sentences in the text.1Frederick William ， the King of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history.句式分析尝试翻译普鲁士国王腓特烈威廉一世绝不可能想到他送给俄罗斯人民的厚礼会有这样一段令人惊讶的历史。2This gift was the Amber Room, which was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it.句式分析尝试翻译这件礼物就是琥珀屋，它之所以有这个名字，是因为建造它用了好几吨的琥珀。3It was also a treasure decorated with gold and jewels, which took the countrys best artists about ten years to make.句式分析本句是复合句，which引导非限制性定语从句。先行词是 a treasure，引导词在定语从句中作主语。decorated with gold and jewels 是过去分词短语作定语，相当于定语从句 which was decorated with gold and jewels。尝试翻译它也是一件用金银珠宝装饰起来的珍品。一批这个国家最优秀的艺术家用了大约10年的时间才把它完成。4There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for Knigsberg, which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea.句式分析There is no doubt 为主干句，其后的that the boxes were then put on a train for Knigsberg为that引导的同位语从句， which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea为非限制性定语从句，修饰Knigsberg。尝试翻译毫无疑问，这些箱子后来被装上火车运往哥尼斯堡，当时在波罗的海海边的一个德国城市。.阅读理解 AFrance has the most beautiful castles throughout Europe.Here are some of the best French castles to visit.Youll surely want to visit one of them during your travels in France.Have a look and enjoy!Chteau de VersaillesThe Chteau de Versailles is about 20km southwest of Paris.When the castle was built, Versailles was a small village.Today, however, it is a famous area in Paris.The castle was built as a small hunting lodge (乡间小屋) for Louis in the 1620s.Years later, he made it bigger.Later, Louis also made it larger, making it one of the largest palaces of the world.Chteau de ChambordThe Chteau de Chambord is one of the largest castles around the world.It sits in the Loire Valley.Being at the heart of Europes largest enclosed wooded park, Chambord, it was built for King Francis to serve as a hunting lodge.It is one of the worlds most wellknown castles in the world because of its French Renaissance (文艺复兴) building.Chteau de ChenonceauAs one of the most famous castles in the Loire Valley, the castle was built during the 11th century on the River Cher.It was passed through many hands.The castle was not destroyed during the French Revolution because it was the only bridge across the river for many miles.Chteau de ChantillyThis historic castle sits in the town of Chantilly, France.This beautiful castle is made up of two buildings: the Petit Chteau built around 1560 for Anne de Montmorency, and the Grand Chteau which was destroyed during the French Revolution and rebuilt in the 1870s.There are many interesting pieces of 17th century history concerning the castle.Every two years a fireworks competition is held in the castle gardens.1.What do we know about the Chteau de Versailles?AIt sits in a small village.BIt serves as a hunting place.CIt was first built for Louis .DIt was the largest castle in the 1620s.解析：选C细节理解题。由Chteau de Versailles部分中的“The castle was built as a small hunting lodge (乡间小屋) for Louis in the 1620s.”可知答案。2What makes the Chteau de Chambord special?AIts long history.BIts building style.CIts wealthy owner.DIts important position.解析：选B细节理解题。由Chteau de Chambord部分中的“It is one of the worlds most wellknown castles in the world because of its French Renaissance (文艺复兴) building.”可知，该城堡的特别之处在于其独特的建筑风格。3Why did the Chteau de Chenonceau manage to get through the French Revolution?AIt was far from Paris.BIt hid in the Loire Valley.CIt played a very important role.DIt was built by a famous French king.解析：选C细节理解题。由Chteau de Chenonceau部分中的“The castle was not destroyed during the French Revolution because it was the only bridge across the river for many miles.”可知，该城堡没有遭到破坏是因为它的重要性。4Which castle has a fireworks show every two years?AThe Chteau de Versailles.BThe Chteau de Chantilly.CThe Chteau de Chambord.DThe Chteau de Chenonceau.解析：选B细节理解题。由Chteau de Chantilly部分中的“Every two years a fireworks competition is held in the castle gardens.”可知，该城堡每两年举办一次烟火比赛。BThe Hawaii Volcanoes National ParkThe Hawaii Volcanoes (火山) National Park, on the island of Hawaii, has two active volcanoes: Mauna Loa, which last erupted (喷发) in 1984, is 13,677 feet (4.17 km) above sea level; Kilauea is next to Mauna Loa and it has been erupting since January 3rd, 1983. It is 4,190 feet (1.23 km) above sea level.When to visitThe park is open 24 hours a day all year round. There are no plants or trees on the lava (火山岩) fields and no protection from the sun, so you must bring sunscreen (防晒霜)How to get thereThe best way to get to the park is to take Highway 11. From the airport at Hilo, Highway 11 will take you southward across the eastern part of the island.Things to seeIf you want to know more about the park, the Kilauea Visitor Center is surely a stop to make. It is a quarter of a mile (402 m) from the park entrance. There, you can see a great movie about real lava and learn about the islands natural and cultural history. The center is open from 7：45 am. to 5：00 pm. There are also many guided walks and hikes (徒步旅行) around the park. You must check weather conditions and volcanic activity before hiking alone. If possible, you may drive down Chain of Craters Road to see lava flowing into the ocean.TicketsEntrance to the park is $10.00 for each vehicle, $5.00 for those who travel on foot or ride a bicycle. Children under the age of 15 are free.5Different from Mauna Loa, Kilauea _.Awill disappear soonBis closed to visitorsCerupts more often Dis much bigger解析：选C细节理解题。由第一段中的“Mauna Loa, which last erupted (喷发) in 1984”和“Kilauea . has been erupting since January 3rd, 1983”可知，Kilauea 火山喷发更加频繁，故选C项。6The Kilauea Visitor Center _.Aoffers all kinds of moviesBis next to the park entranceCis open for 8 hours every dayDintroduces visitors to the park解析：选D细节理解题。由第四段中的“If you want to . a stop to make.”和“There, you can . learn about the islands natural and cultural history.”可知，D项说法正确。7If a family of three drives a car into the park, they need to pay _.A$5.00 B$10.00C$15.00 D$20.00解析：选B细节理解题。由最后一段中的“Entrance to the park is $10.00 for each vehicle”可知，一家三口开车的话，进入公园只需付十美元，故选B项。8The text is most probably taken from _.Aa geography textbookBa newspaper reportCa travel magazineDa research paper解析：选C文章出处题。由文中的When to visit, How to get there和Tickets等信息可知，本文很可能选自一本旅行杂志，故选C项。CThe Taj Mahal (泰姬陵) is considered to be one of the most beautiful buildings in the world and the finest example of the late style of Indian architecture (建筑). It is at Agra in northern India. It lies beside the River Jumma in the middle of gardens with quiet pools.The Taj Mahal was built by the Mogul emperor (皇帝) Shah Jehan, who ruled India in the seventeenth century. It is in memory of his favorite wife, Arjumand Banu Bagam, known as Mumtaz Mahal, who died in 1631. The building, which was completed between 1632 and 1638, was designed by a local Muslim architect (建筑师), Ustad Ahmad Lahori. The whole building, with gardens and gateway structures, was completed in 1643. The Taj Mahal stands at one end of the garden tomb with marble (大理石) path. The room is softly lighted by the light that passes through double screens of carved marble set high in the walls. The building now is kept in good condition.It took 22 years to build the Taj Mahal. Shah Jehan planned a similar building, but in black instead of white, to lie on the other side of the river. But before it could be built, Shah Jehan was imprisoned (监禁) by his son and buried next to his wife in the Taj Mahal.9The Taj Mahal was built for _.AMumtaz Mahal BShah JehanCeither Mumtaz or Shah Dboth Mumtaz and Shah解析：选A细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It is in memory of his favorite wife . known as Mumtaz Mahal”可知应选A。10Why do you think Shah Jehan was buried next to his wife?AHis own tomb hadnt been built.BHe hoped to be buried there.CKing and Queen should be buried together.DHe liked Mumtaz all his life.解析：选A细节理解题。根据该文最后一段最后一句可知，Shah Jehan的坟墓还没有被建好，他就被儿子监禁了，只好埋在他妻子的旁边，故选A。11The passage mai