高中英语Unit5Thepowerofnature单元质量评估新人教版.docx

单元质量评估(五)时间：100分钟分数：120分第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。AThough larger cities were mostly spared，Sundays tornadoes damaged some small towns in the middle of the US.One of the hardest hit was Van，Texas，a town of about 2，600 people located 70 miles southeast of Dallas.Winds there reached up to 140 miles per hour and damaged about 30 percent of the area.Weather experts say it was the strongest tornado to hit the town in more than 70 years.Emergency workers in Van moved quickly to help those affected，but two people were killed and more than two dozen were injured by the tornados winds.A driver in the nearby town of Corsicana was killed by floodwaters that had risen after the storm.In Lake City，Iowa，a tornado tore the roof off South Central Calhoun High School.One hundred and fifty people had gathered in the safety of the schools basement，and all escaped without major harm.Nine people were injured in the 130-mph winds of a tornado that touched down in Delmont，South Dakota，but tornadoes werent the only severe weather that state saw on Sunday.Residents in the Black Hills region were faced with a late-spring snowfall of 10 to 18 inches.Scientists measure tornadoes using the Enhanced Fujita(EF)Scale.It categorizes tornadoes based on the amount of damage they cause and their estimated wind speed.EF1 tornadoes are the weakest，while EF5 tornadoes are the severest.The tornado in Van was categorized as an EF3.Although tornadoes can happen in any state，they are most common in the central US.This is why that part of the country is nicknamed(给起绰号)Tornado Alley.Though this past weekends storms were damaging，they were not abnormal for this time of year.More tornadoes hit the US in May than in any other month，according to the National Weather Service(NWS) “Weve had at least one tornado reported somewhere in the nation every day since May 2，” weather expert Greg Carbin said. “Its a dangerous time of year.” 【语篇解读】本文是说明文。龙卷风席卷了美国中部。1Which part of the US was hit by tornadoes on Sunday?AThe central part.BThe eastern part.CThe western part. DThe southern part.解析：细节理解题。由第一段中的“Sundays tornadoes damaged some small towns in the middle of the US.”可知，周日美国中部受到了龙卷风的袭击。答案：A2What happened to people in South Central Calhoun High School?AThey were killed by floodwaters.BThey survived the tornado luckily.CThey were badly hurt by the storm.DThey were not influenced by the tornado.解析：推理判断题。由第三段中的“One hundred and fifty people had gathered in the safety of the schools basement，and all escaped without major harm”可推断学校的人因为提前躲到了地下室里而很幸运地从龙卷风中幸存下来。答案：B3Which tornadoes are the strongest?AEF1 tornadoes. BEF3 tornadoes.CEF4 tornadoes. DEF5 tornadoes.解析：细节理解题。由倒数第三段中的“while EF5 tornadoes are the severest”可知。答案：D4The nickname Tornado Alley is connected with _Aa weather expert Bthe areas climateCthe areas landform Dthe creation of the EF Scale解析：推理判断题。由倒数第二段开头的“Although tornadoes can happen in any state，they are most common in the central US.Tornado Alley”可知，美国中部之所以有“龙卷风巷”的绰号是因为这一地区经常遭遇龙卷风。据此可推断，该绰号和该地的气候有关系。答案：BBDoris Carvalho，a woman from Tampa，America has come up with an original way of combining her two greatest passionsveterinary science(兽医学) and fashion.She recycles dog hair and changes it into highend designer handbags.Doris loves her new job so much that she hopes to change it into a businessshes currently running a Kickstarter campaign to raise $ 15，000 toward that purpose.Thats just enough money to make her first line of 30 handbags and pay for marketing.“These handbags prove that highend can be made ecofriendly from your pet for you，” she pointed out.“I turn dog hair that would be rubbish anywhere else in the world into these handbags.I use it to make the thread.Its reused and recycled.”It takes Doris about 50 hours to complete each one handbag without any machines.She needs about two pounds of fur per handbag and she insists that the completed handbag is as soft as any other fur.It is priced at $ 1，000，but she says that the price would go down if the products were to ever go into mass production.“I hope in the future I can make it cheaper and sell much cheaper for everyone，” she said.We arent sure how well these handbags are selling，but according to Jaime Calderbank，owner of One Lucky Dog in St Petersburg，it all depends on how much people are willing to display their love for their dogs.“I think a few of them that really love their dogs would like something like that，” she said.Doris has managed to raise just $ 350 ever since she started the campaign，but she has 50 days to reach her $ 15，000 goal.“I hope people who like the campaign can help，” she said.“Any contribution is welcome.”【语篇解读】多丽丝用废弃的狗毛做成高端手提包。5What do you know about Doris Carvalho?AShe makes handbags from dog hair.BShe is studying veterinary science.CShe studied fashion design in college.DShe raises homeless dogs in her hometown.解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“She recycles dog hair and changes it into highend designer handbags.”可知，多丽丝用狗毛做手提包。答案：A6Why did Doris Carvalho start the Kickstarter campaign?ATo let more people know her handbags.BTo collect dog hair to make handbags.CTo help protect the environment.DTo raise some money for her business.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“.she hopes to change it into a businessshes currently running a Kickstarter campaign to raise D|S15，000 toward that purpose.”可知，多丽丝想要把用狗毛做手提包当成一项事业，所以她在Kickstarter众筹平台筹钱。答案：D7It can be inferred from the passage that _Ait is not easy to reuse and recycle dog hairBdog hair is the most suitable material for handbagsCwhat Doris has done benefits the surroundingsDno one supported Doris Carvalhos campaign解析：推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，多丽丝把被当作垃圾的狗毛做成手提包，这使得狗毛被回收和再利用，由此可推知，多丽丝的手提包对环境有益。答案：CCAll trade in five named species of sharks is to be regulated (管制) from now on.Without a permit，the sale of their meat or fins(鳍) will be forbidden.The regulation was agreed last year at a meeting of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species in Thailand.According to the rules，the whitetip (白鳍鲨)，the porbeagle (鼠鲨)，and three varieties of hammerhead will be protected.Besides，manta rays (比目鱼)，valued for their gills (鳃)which are used in Chinese medicine，will also be protected.The action is seen as the most important one in the 40year history to protect these species.“Regulating international trade in these shark and manta ray species has a great effect on their survival and is a very clear way of helping to protect sharks and our oceans，” said Secretary General John Scanlon.“The practical steps will involve issues such as limiting export levels，and identifying the fins，gills and meat that are in trade.This may seem challenging，but by working together we can do it and we will do it.”Under the rules，all trade in these sharks and rays across 180 countries will not be allowed unless they have got their permits given by the national related organization.As a matter of fact，trade in shark fins has already decreased greatly as a result of campaigns to raise awareness.Recently it has been reported that sales have gone down by 70%.Earlier this year the hotel giant，Hilton Worldwide stopped serving shark fins at its 96 owned and managed AsiaPacific hotels.However，Denmark，Canada，Guyana，Japan，Iceland and Yemen have all announced they will not follow the new rules and will continue to fish for some or all of these species.Under the regulations though，they are only able to trade with other countries that are also ready to ignore the rules.Officials point out that for such a questioned issue，the number of countries which is going to continue the trade is small.【语篇解读】去年在泰国的一个国际会议上，与会人员通过了保护鲨鱼和比目鱼的规定。人们需要获得许可证才能捕杀和交易鲨鱼。8The purpose of putting the new rules into force is to _Alimit peoples trade in ocean animals meatBprotect some species of sharks against overfishingClet fishers know the importance of protecting sharksDprevent big hotels from serving sharks meat解析：细节理解题。根据第一、二段内容可知，实施新规定的目的是保护五种鲨鱼和比目鱼，只有获得许可，人们才可以捕捞和贩卖这些鲨鱼。答案：B9Which of the following doesnt belong to species of sharks?AThe manta ray.BThe porbeagle.CThe whitetip.DThe hammerhead.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“According to the rules，the whitetip，the porbeagle，and three varieties of hammerhead will be protected.Besides，manta rays.”可知，比目鱼不属于鲨鱼。答案：A10What can be inferred from John Scanlons words in Paragraph 4?AThe regulation may have some negative effects on sharks.BThe export of sharks meat will be called off in some periods.CIts nearly impossible to carry out the regulation worldwide.DOfficials are confident that the regulations have a promising future.解析：推理判断题。根据第四段“This may seem challenging，but by working together we can do it and we will do it.”可知，约翰认为虽然很具有挑战性，但是只要人们一起努力，保护鲨鱼的行动就会成功，由此可推知，官方对新规定的前景很看好。答案：D11Hilton Worldwide is a good example of _Apeoples getting their permits to trade in shark finsBa successful companys managing its wealthCpeoples beginning to stop eating shark finsDpeoples raising awareness to protect sharks解析：推理判断题。根据第六段内容可知，随着保护鲨鱼意识的提高，鲨鱼交易已经大幅度减少了。希尔顿酒店停止向顾客出售鱼翅，这给提高保护鲨鱼意识做出了好的表率。答案：DDWant to help fight global warming？Take off your tie，says the Italian health ministry.It has urged employers to let their staff dress casually at work in the summer so that the air conditioning can be turned down. “Taking your tie off immediately lowers the body temperature by 2 or 3 degrees centigrade，” the ministry said in a statement. “Allowing a more sensible use of air conditioning brings about electricity savings and protects the environment.” It called on all public and private offices to let employees wear no tie during heat waves like the one that has brought Africa-like temperatures to many parts of Italy this week.The move echoes(回应)a similar action from Italys biggest oil group，ENI，which told its staff earlier this month they need not wear a tie at work.The tie makers，however，were left hot_under_the_collar. “Italy confirms that it is a strange country，” Flavio Cima said angrily in a letter to financial daily Il Sole 24 ORE under the headline: “I，tie maker，am responsible for global warming.” “We can now happily continue with our lifestyle，using cars，consuming fuel，heating and cooling our homes at leisure.On one condition：we should not wear a tie while we do so，” he wrote. “I should have listened to my friends and become an oil producer instead.” Italy is one of the European Unions worst performers on the pollution front and is among the EU countries expected to exceed(超出)their greenhouse gas emission(排放)targets.【语篇解读】解掉领带可以让体温下降2或3度，所以许多公司鼓励员工不戴领带上班，以抵制全球气候变暖；但是，这种主张遭到了领带制造商的反对。12Whats the purpose of the move of taking off ties?ATo dress casually.BTo fight global warming.CTo keep the body temperature.DTo improve working conditions.解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的“Want to help fight global warming？Take off your tie”可知，解掉领带是为了抵制全球变暖，故B项正确。答案：B13Who first encouraged employees to take off ties?AENI.BFlavio Cima.CA financial daily.DThe Italian health ministry.解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的“ENI，which told its staff earlier this month they need not wear a tie at work”可知，ENI公司最早鼓励员工上班时不戴领带，故A项正确。答案：A14What does the underlined part “hot under the collar” in Paragraph 6 probably mean?AAngry. BSpeechless.CDelighted. DPuzzled.解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段和第五段可知，包括ENI在内的许多公司，都鼓励员工不戴领带上班；根据常识可以判断，此举势必造成领带制造商的商品滞销；结合第七段的“Flavio Cima said angrily in a letter”可以判断，画线部分意为“愤怒的”，故A项正确。B项意为“(因愤怒等)说不出话的”，C项意为“高兴的”，D项意为“困惑的”，都与语境不符。答案：A15Which of the following is TRUE about Flavio Cima?AHe stands by the oil group.BHe agrees with the ministry.CHe admits his responsibility.DHe argues against taking off ties.解析：推理判断题。根据第六段“The tie makers，however，were left hot_under_the_collar”以及第七段中的“Italy confirms that it is a strange country，Flavio Cima said angrily in a letter”可知，对于鼓励员工不戴领带上班一事，作为领带制造商的Flavio Cima非常生气；据此可以判断，他对不戴领带工作的观点有异议，故D项正确。答案：D第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。On Thanksgiving，Scott Macaulay is preparing a full turkey dinner for a whole bunch of people hes never met.His 70 or so guestselderly people，low-income people，at-risk teens，and othershave one detail in common：_16_ “What I do isnt a big deal，really，” the 52-year-old said. “I just cook some food.” Macaulays unconventional Thanksgiving tradition began in 1985，right around the time his parents decided to get divorced.The holidays got messy that year，and Macaulay，who was 24 at the time，sensed hed be spending Thanksgiving alone._17_ “Thanksgiving isnt about fireworks or band concerts，” he said. “_18_ Its not fun to do that by yourself.” Macaulay placed an ad in his local paper with a simple message：If people thought they might be alone on Thanksgiving，they could give Macaulay a call.19_ It was nice.So he placed another ad the following year，and the year after that.In recent years，Macaulay has been hosting his Thanksgiving dinners at local churches with lots of space.He still buys and prepares all the food himself and spends about 40 hours putting the whole affair together._20_ He said it was important to him that he not seek out volunteers or donations because “thats not what this is about.” Macaulay said hed love to see other people hold similar dinners all over the country. “I think someone in every town should do this，” he said, “so nobody has to be alone.” 【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。麦考利连续多年宴请独自过感恩节的人。AIt was a terrible feeling.BIts a celebration around a table with food.CWithout Macaulay，theyd be alone on Thanksgiving.DA few people showed up at Macaulays place that first year.EOn Thanksgiving Day，he runs around nonstop from about 5 am to 8 pm.FI dont like the thought of cooking a Thanksgiving meal for only one person.GHe likes it that most of the people he feeds each Thanksgiving dont know his name.16解析：根据下文内容可知，麦考利认为感恩节不应该独自度过，所以他宴请的客人都有一个共同点：“要不是麦考利，他们都会独自度过感恩节”。答案：C17解析：结合全文内容及本空前的“hed be spending Thanksgiving alone”不难推测，麦考利认为独自过感恩节“感觉很糟糕”。答案：A18解析：根据本空前的“Thanksgiving isnt about fireworks or band concerts”及麦考利连续多年请独自过感恩节的人吃饭可知，麦考利认为感恩节不应该是放放烟火、看看演唱会，而应该是“围着桌子、吃着食物庆祝”。答案：B19解析：根据本空后的“It was nice”和“another ad the following year.”可知，“第一年有几个人现身麦考利的宴会”，因此他随后年年坚持做这件事。答案：D20解析：根据本空前的“He still buys and prepares all the food himself and spends about 40 hours putting the whole affair together”可知，为了感恩节的宴请，麦考利劳心劳力，故E项“在感恩节那天，他从凌晨五点忙到晚上八点”符合此处语境。答案：E第二部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Tony set off for home again without having eaten since，as usual，one of the older boys had taken his packed lunch.Angry and _21_，Tony rushed to the park，when he suddenly saw a wasp(黄蜂) flying about among the rose bushes.It _22_ him，making him get away from the roses immediately.Then，a _23_ came into his head：how is it that something so much _24_ than himself could frighten him like that?Having _25_ the insects for a while，he had a good understanding of the wasps _26_：it was fear.A wasp could never _27_ a person，but everyone was so afraid of its sting that they left the wasp _28_So Tony spent that night _29_ what his “sting” could be.The next day，Tony seemed like a _30_ boy.No longer did he walk with his eyes fixed on the ground，nor did he _31_ nervously when people spoke to him.Instead，he became brave and _32_，ready to face up to anyone.The boy who stole his packed lunch that day ate so spicy a sausage sandwich that he _33_ crying and coughing.Never again did he rob Tony of his lunches.Another older boy _34_ to hit Tony，but this time Tony looked at the boy _35_ and bravely.From memory，he told him the _36_ of his parents，his teacher，and the boys own mother，“_37_ you hit me Ill call them，and youll be severely punished.”The boy turned around and _38_ from the scene.The strategy _39_So，in the end，Tony became like the wasp hed seen.Without even having to sting anyone，he frightened them，and _40_ that no one would mess with him.【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。托尼的午餐被人拿走后感到很沮丧，他跑到公园，在公园里看到一只黄蜂，他赶紧躲开。这一举动使他思考自己的问题，他从黄蜂身上得到启示从而变得自信、勇敢，最终解决了自己的问题。21A.excitedBdissatisfiedCfrustrated Drelaxed解析：上文中说托尼的午餐被拿走了，在这种情况下他应感到沮丧而愤怒，故选C项。答案：C22A.scared BinspiredCrescued Dcomforted解析：从后文中的托尼从花丛中逃离可知，黄蜂吓到(scared)了托尼。答案：A23A.guess BthoughtCbelief Dview解析：下文描述的是他的疑问，故用thought最佳。一个想法出现在他的脑海中。答案：B24A.smaller BbiggerCsmarter Dfiercer解析：一个人怎么会被比自己小这么多的东西给吓着呢？故选A。答案：A25A.collected BtestedCwatched Dcounted解析：watch意为“观察”。托尼应该是观察之后，才了解到黄蜂的一些招数。答案：C26A.challenge BtrickCchoice Dmethod解析：句意参见上题解析。托尼“花招，把戏”。答案：B27A.bite BwarnCfight Dplease解析：黄蜂不会与人作战(fight)，但是每个人都害怕它的刺，所以不敢惹它。答案：C28A.in peace Bin silenceCby comparison Don end解析：leave sth in peace“不打扰”。此处指不招惹黄蜂。答案：A29A.remembering BdoubtingCregretting Dwondering解析：从上文可知，此时托尼想知道自己的“刺”是什么。wonder“琢磨，想知道”，符合语境。答案：D30A.different BcommonCstrange Drare解析：结合后文中的“No longer did he walk with his eyes fixed on the ground.to him”可知，托尼受到黄蜂的启发，决定改变自己，所以第二天他好像成了另外一个人。答案：A31A.turn back Blook intoCturn down Dlook away解析：结合语境可知，托尼之前与人谈话时，不敢正视别人的目光，紧张地扭头看别处。look away“扭头看别处”；turn back“(使)原路返回，使往回走”；look into“调查，审查”；turn down“拒绝”。故选D。答案：D32A.confident BreliableCcheerful Dsensitive解析：有了勇敢和自信，才敢面对他人。用confident正合适。答案：A33A.picked up Bbrought outCended up Dcut down解析：偷托尼午餐的男孩吃了很辣的香肠三明治，结果被辣哭了，不停地咳嗽。end up“(尤指经历一系列意料之外的事情后)最终处于”，符合语境。答案：C34A.promised BthreatenedCdec