高考英语复习TheRenaissanceDevelopingandDevelopedCountries课时作业提升练外研版.docx

Module 2 The Renaissance Developing and Developed Countries (建议用时40分钟). 阅读理解A(2017黄冈模拟)Brazil has become one of the developing worlds great successes in reducing population growthbut more by accident than design. While countries such as India have made joint efforts to reduce birth rates, Brazil has had better result without really trying, says George Martine at Harvard. Brazils population growth rate has dropped from 2. 99% a year between 1951 and 1960 to 1. 93% a year between 1981 and 1990, and Brazilian women now have only 2. 7 children on average. Martine says this figure may have fallen still further since 1990, an achievement that makes it the envy of many other Third World countries. Martine puts it down to, among other things, soap operas and installment(分期付款)plans introduced in the 1970s. Both played an important, although indirect, role in lowering the birth rate. Brazil is one of the worlds biggest producers of soap operas. Globo, Brazils most popular television network, shows three hours of soaps six nights a week, while three others show at least one hour a night. Most soaps are based on wealthy characters living the high life in big cities. “Although they have never really tried to work in a message towards the problems of reproduction(生育), they describe middle and upper class valuesnot many children, different attitudes towards sex, women working, ”says Martine. “They sent this message to all parts of Brazil and made people realize other patterns of family life and other values, which were put into a very attractive package. ”Meanwhile, the installment plans tried to encourage the poor to become consumers. “This led to change in consumption(消费)patterns and consumption did not get along well with unlimited reproduction, ”says Martine. 【文章大意】发展中国家巴西在降低人口增长的问题上取得了巨大的成功, 这得益于一种偶然性而非事先设计的。在许多发展中国家比如印度都在降低人口出生率方面做了巨大的努力, 巴西在没有真正大力实行计划的情况下却取得了更好的效果。1. The underlined phrase “puts it down to” is closest in meaning to“_”. A. considers the cause of it to beB. finds it a reason forC. looks it on asD. compares it to【解析】选A。句意猜测题。第二段最后说, 巴西在人口方面所取得的成就令其他第三世界国家所羡慕, 第三段又着重讲了取得成就的原因, 所以这儿put sth. down to意思是“归结的原因是”。2. Soap operas have helped in lowering Brazils birth rate because_. A. they keep people sitting long hours watching TVB. they have gradually changed peoples way of lifeC. people are drawn to their attractive packageD. they make birth control measures popular【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据全文倒数第二段推出, 肥皂剧中的中上层阶级的家庭观念少生孩子, 妇女参加工作等, 使巴西人慢慢地改变自己的家庭观念和生活模式。3. What is Martines conclusion about Brazils population growth? A. The increase in birth rate will increase consumption. B. The desire for consumption helps to reduce birth rate. C. Consumption patterns and reproduction patterns are contradictory. D. A countrys production is limited by its population growth. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据最后一段中所讲: 分期付款鼓励穷人成为消费者, 改变了他们的消费观念, 而高消费与无节制的生育相矛盾, 故巴西人少生孩子, 由此推出B项正确。如选C项, 则应在reproduction前加unlimited才行。4. Which is the BEST title for the passage? A. Brazil: the developing worlds successB. Soap Operas and Installment PlansC. Brazil: reducing birth rate by accidentD. Learn from Brazil, one of the Third World Countries【解析】选C。主旨大意题。C项中有概括全文的中心词: reducing, by accident, 即巴西很偶然地降低了人口增长。BFinding time to read is an important part of developing reading and writing skills for all kids. And there are many easy and convenient ways to make reading a part of each dayeven when its tough to find time to sit down with a book. Car trips, waits in checkout lines and the doctors office are all opportunities for reading. Keep books or magazines in your car, or backpack to pull out whenever youre going to be in one place for a while. Even if you cant finish a book, read a few pages or discuss some of the pictures. Encourage kids to bring favorite books and magazines along wherever you go. While its attractive to provide electronic games and readers, be sure to alternate electronic media with plenty of opportunities to read traditional print books. Reading opportunities are everywhere you go. While riding in the car, for example, encourage kids to spot words and letters(on billboards, store signs, etc. ), turning it into a game(“Wholl be the first to find a letter B? ”). Even daily tasks like cooking can provide reading moments. Kids can assist you as you cook by telling you how much flour to measure. Give your child a catalogue to read while you sort through the mails. Ask relatives to send your child letters, e-mails, or text messages, and read them together. Help your child create letters or messages to send back to the relatives. These types of activities help kids see the purpose of reading and of print. Even when youre trying to get things done, you can encourage reading. While cleaning, for instance, you might ask your child to read a favorite book to you while you work. Make sure kids get some time to spend quietly with books, even if it means cutting back on other activities, like watching TV or playing video games. Most important, be a reader yourself. Kids who see their parents reading are likely to imitate them and become readers, too! 【文章大意】本文重点讲述了怎样找到阅读的时间。5. What do we know about kids in Paragraph 3? A. They are suggested taking reading materials only. B. They cant resist the desire of playing games. C. Reading and playing games can be done by turns. D. They are forbidden to play electronic games. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第三段第二句While its attractive to provide electronic games and readers, be sure to alternate electronic media with plenty of opportunities to read traditional print books. 可知阅读和玩游戏可以交替进行。6. How does the author advise kids to keep in touch with relatives? A. Make written communication. B. Make a dialogue with each other. C. Learn skills from them. D. Read a catalogue together. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第五段Help your child create letters or messages to send back to the relatives. 可知作者建议孩子们和亲戚进行书面交际。7. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. The longest journey begins with the first step. B. God helps those who help themselves. C. Detail is the key to success. D. A fine example has boundless power. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句Kids who see their parents reading are likely to imitate them and become readers, too! 可知一个好的榜样有无穷的力量。8. What may be the best title for the text? A. Reading approachesB. Finding reading momentsC. Encouraging kids to readD. What reading means to kids【解析】选B。主旨大意题。本文重点讲述了找到阅读的时间的方式。【知识拓展】话题词汇再现1. convenient adj. 便利的; 方便的2. opportunityn. 机会; 时机3. attractive adj. 有吸引力的; 有魅力的4. electronic adj. 电子的; 电子学的5. alternatev. 交替; 轮流6. cataloguen. 目录; 总目; 系列7. imitate vt. 仿效; 仿制; 模仿. 完形填空Jazzy is a lovely pug(哈巴狗)who always seems to be smiling. You cant help but1when you look at Jazzy now, because you would never guess the horrible situation she was rescued from and the2this little dog had. Jazzy was taken from her3owners, who were immediately4with animal cruelty. Why? Because neighbors had5seeing little Jazzy moving around her back yard with two broken front legs. Her owners, who were supposed to6her most, did absolutely nothing about it. They had never sought any kind of7for poor Jazzy. Nobody knew how it8and it was believed that she was hit by a car, or that someone had done this to her. 9Jazzys cruel owners didnt take her to the veterinarian, her condition went from bad to worse. Over time her front right leg10loosely, and her left leg was permanently bent at a sharp angle. The pain must have been astonishing. She moved around like a baby seal. She needed11. In a Los Angeles animal shelter, things got even12. The shelter could not provide the costly operations that could be13to restore Jazzys ability to14and lead a normal life, and it was impossible to find a family who would be able to15a dog in this condition. The difficult16was made to euthanize(使安乐死)sweet Jazzy. All17was lost. Then a miracle happened. A volunteer from Dogs Without Borders saw Jazzy. Jazzy was pulled out of the18and rescuers got busy working on a plan to ensure that Jazzy would get treatment. For months, Dogs Without Borders cared for Jazzy, while19enough money for her operations. Donations came in. Finally in December 2013 the money was enough and it was time to get her operations20! By the spring of 2014, Jazzy had fully recovered. 【文章大意】本文讲述了一只可爱的哈巴狗曾经遭受的苦难经历, 以唤起我们对动物的爱惜之情。1. A. complainB. forgiveC. celebrateD. laugh【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。根据上文的几个字眼a lovely pug, smiling可推知看到这只小狗人们就情不自禁地笑, 故选D项。2. A. painB. shockC. happinessD. responsibility【解析】选A。词汇复现题。根据下文小狗的遭遇以及第三段中的The pain可知她经历了很多的痛苦。3. A. lazyB. originalC. angryD. new【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。根据下文Jazzy到了动物救助中心, 可推知是她的最初的主人。original原来的, 最初的。4. A. combinedB. chargedC. comparedD. provided【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。根据下文内容可知他们对小狗很残忍, 可推知他们受到了指控, be charged with因受到指控。5. A. reportedB. imaginedC. regrettedD. avoided【解析】选A。词义辨析题。因为看到Jazzy的不幸遭遇后, 邻居报告了此事。report报告; imagine想象; regret后悔; avoid避免。根据句意可知选A项。6. A. care forB. depend onC. look forD. talk about【解析】选A。背景常识题。作为小狗的主人, 本应该对小狗爱护有加的, 故选A项。7. A. foodB. contactC. treatmentD. information【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。根据小狗的遭遇可推知它的主人没有给予她任何的治疗。treatment治疗。8. A. fellB. feltC. improvedD. happened【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。根据后文人们对她受伤的情况的猜测, 可知没有人知道发生了什么。故选D项。9. A. IfB. UntilC. AlthoughD. Since【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。根据主句“小狗的情况每况愈下”可推知前面的句子是表示原因的, 故选D项。10. A. steppedB. stoodC. hungD. waved【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。根据loosely和下文她走路的样子可推知受伤的腿耷拉着。hung悬挂。11. A. instructionB. encouragementC. helpD. discipline【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。根据上文对她受伤的情况的描述, 可知小狗需要救助。故选C项。12. A. harderB. worseC. saferD. clearer【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。根据下文小狗需要手术, 可推知她的情况变得更糟糕, 故选B项。13. A. preventedB. requiredC. releasedD. checked【解析】选B。词义辨析题。根据句意可知此处缺少“需要”一词。require需要。prevent阻止; release释放, 发行; check检查。14. A. breatheB. barkC. walkD. listen【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。根据上文可知小狗的腿受伤了, 需要手术, 自然是为了恢复行走的能力。故选C项。15. A. adoptB. buyC. watchD. catch【解析】选A。背景常识题。在小动物受伤的情况下, 一般很难找到收养的人家。adopt收养。16. A. promiseB. decisionC. appointmentD. experiment【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。根据本句可知要对Jazzy进行安乐死, 可知这是救助站做出的决定。make a decision做出决定。17. A. hopeB. wealthC. medicineD. connection【解析】选A。背景常识题。一般而言只要有一丝希望也不会实施安乐死, 故应是失去了所有的希望。18. A. hospitalB. yardC. shelterD. home【解析】选C。词汇复现题。根据第四段第一句话可知Jazzy此时在救助站生活, 故应从救助站被带走了。19. A. borrowingB. savingC. earningD. raising【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。根据下文钱足够可以给她做手术了, 可知钱是筹集来的, raise money筹集资金。20. A. correctedB. doneC. fedD. developed【解析】选B。固定搭配题。do an operation做手术。. 语法填空根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项, 选项中有两项为多余选项。Tu Youyou, 84, was 1. _(honor)with the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine on Oct 5. She was the first Chinese citizen 2. _(win)a Nobel Prize in science. Tu 3. _(share)the prize with the Irish-born William Campbell and Satoshi Omura of Japan. Tu is 4. _researcher at the China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine now. She was given the prize for developing artemisinin(青蒿素), a new drug therapy against malaria(疟疾), 5. _has saved millions of lives worldwide, especially in developing countries. Tu and her colleagues joined a government project to find a new malaria drug 6. _the late 1960s. They made 380 herbal extracts from two thousand recipes from traditional Chinese medical books. In 1971, after nearly two hundred 7. _(failure), Tus team 8. _(final)found an extract that was 100% effective against the malari