课时讲练通高中英语2014年高考分类题库考点1单项填空.docx

考点1 单项填空一、名词1. (2014福建卷26)Could you tell me theof making such tasty cakes?Well,I just follow the directions in the cookbook.A.feature B.planC.costD.trick【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意:你能告诉我做出如此可口的蛋糕的窍门吗?好的,我仅仅按照食谱中的说明去做的。trick窍门,技巧;feature特色;plan计划;cost成本。根据答语的句意可知选D。2. (2014湖北卷21)Herfor writing was a desire for women to get the right to higher education.A. motivationB. qualificationC. talent D. technique【解析】选A。考查名词辨析。句意:她写作的动力是渴望妇女能得到接受高等教育的权利。motivation“动机;动力”,符合句意。qualification“资格”;talent“天赋”;technique“技巧”。【易错误区】talent还是motivation(1)误导原因:我们学过固定短语ones talent for.某人的天赋。(2)去伪存真:能和for搭配的名词有很多,我们可以根据句意具体分析推断出使用的名词应为motivation而不是talent。3. (2014湖北卷22)When Richard said,“You are much more agreeable and prettier now,”Joans face turned red at the unexpected.A.commandB.comparisonC.complimentD.contribution【解析】选C。考查名词辨析。句意:当理查德说“你现在更讨人喜欢且更漂亮了”时,琼听到这突如其来的称赞脸红了。compliment“称赞;恭维”,符合句意。command“命令”;comparison“比较”;contribution“贡献”。4. (2014浙江卷6)We most prefer to say yes to theof someone we know and like.A.attempts B.requestsC.doubts D.promises【解析】选B。考查名词辨析。句意:我们大部分人都喜欢对于认识和喜欢的人的要求表示同意。attempt试图,企图;request要求;doubt疑惑,疑虑;promise许诺。根据句意可知B项正确。5. (2014江苏卷27)She was put under house arrest two years ago but remained a powerfulin last years election.A.symbolB.portraitC.identityD.statue【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意:她两年前被软禁但是在去年的选举中仍然显示很强势的象征。symbol象征,符合句意。portrait肖像;identity身份;statue形象,雕像。6. (2014安徽卷29)Why not buy a second-hand car first if you dont have enough money for a new one?Thats a good.A.sayingB.questionC.suggestionD.account【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。句意:如果你没有足够的钱买新的,为什么不先买一辆二手车呢?那是一个好建议。suggestion建议;saying谚语;question问题;account账目,账户,描述。二、主谓一致1. (2014湖南卷32)All we needa small piece of land where we can plant various kinds of fruit trees throughout the growing seasons of the year.A.areB.wasC.isD.were【解析】选C。考查主谓一致。句意:我们所需要的就是一小块土地,能够在一年的生长季节在上面种植各种各样的果树。句子的主干为All we needa small piece of land,其中we need是定语从句,all在此指的是a small piece of land,且根据语境知为现在时态,故谓语动词应用is。三、冠词1. (2014重庆卷6)I cant tell youway to the Wilsonsbecause we dont haveWilson here in the village.A. the; a B. a;/ C. a; the D. the;/【解析】选A。考查冠词。句意:我不能告诉你去威尔逊家的路,因为我们村里没有姓威尔逊的人。第一空为特指,表示“去威尔逊家的路”,第二空为泛指,表示“姓威尔逊的人”。2. (2014浙江卷2)The paper is due next month,and I am working seven daysweek,often long intonight.A.a;theB.the;不填C.a;aD.不填;the【解析】选A。考查冠词用法。句意:这篇论文截止到下个月,我现在一周工作七天,经常忙到深夜。seven days a week意为“一周七天”,其中a week表示数量,为泛指;long into the night意为“直到深夜”,为固定用法。3. (2014江西卷22).They chose Tom to becaptain of the team because they knew he wassmart leader.A.a;the B.the;theC.the;a D.a;a【解析】选C。考查冠词用法。句意:他们选汤姆为这个队的队长,因为他们知道他是一名精明的领导。第一个空特指这个队的队长,第二个空为泛指。4. (2014陕西卷19)village where I was born has grown intotown.A.The;aB.A;theC.The;theD.A;a【解析】选A。考查冠词。句意:我出生的那个村庄已经变成了一个城镇。where I was born是定语从句,修饰village,用the表特指;a town一个城镇,泛指。故选A。5. (2014天津卷8)Life is likeocean:Onlystrong-willed can reach the other shore.A.an;theB.the;a C.the;/ D./;a【解析】选A。考查冠词。句意:生活就像一个海洋:只有那些意志坚定的人才能到达彼岸。an ocean泛指一个海洋;the +adj.表示一类人,此处指意志坚定之人。四、代词1. (2014重庆卷1)A smile costs,but gives much.A. anythingB. something C. nothing D. everything【解析】选C。考查代词。句意:微笑不会花费你多少,却给予别人很多(微笑没有成本,却极具价值)。根据but gives much可知,前面要用nothing来进行对比。2. (2014福建卷21)In some countries, people eat with chopsticks, while in,knives and forks.A. anotherB. othersC. bothD. all【解析】选B。考查代词用法。句意:在一些国家,人们用筷子吃饭,然而在另外一些国家用刀和叉。some.others.一些另外一些,others=other countries“另外一些国家”;another另一个;both两者都;all三者或三者以上都,均不合句意。3. (2014浙江卷3)An average of just 18.75 cm of rain fell last year,makingthe driest year since California became a state in 1850.A.eachB.itC.thisD.one【解析】选B。考查代词用法。句中it指代的是last year。句意:去年平均降雨量仅为18.75厘米,是加利福尼亚州1850年建立以来最干旱的年份。4. (2014江西卷32).When shall I call,in the morning or afternoon?.Ill be in all day.A.AnyB.NoneC.NeitherD.Either【解析】选D。考查代词。句意:我是在上午打电话还是在下午打电话?都行。我全天都在。either为两个之中任何一个或哪个都行,any三个以上中的任何一个,none三个或三个以上的都不,为全部否定。neither两个之中任何一个都不,对两个的全部否定。5. (2014江苏卷34)Good families are much to all their members,butto none.A.somethingB.anythingC.everythingD.nothing【解析】选C。考查不定代词。句意:优秀的家庭对于他们所有的成员来说意义重大,却并不代表一切。everything一切,符合句意。6. (2014陕西卷21)Id appreciateif you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.A.itB.youC.oneD.this【解析】选A。考查代词。句意:如果你能让我提前知道你是否能来,我会很感激的。Id appreciate it if sb. did.如果某人做我会很感激的,固定句型。7. (2014四川卷T1)Shed lived in London and Manchester,but she likedand moved to Cambridge.A.bothB.neitherC.noneD.either【解析】选B。考查代词。句意:她原来住在伦敦和曼彻斯特,但这两个地方她都不喜欢,所以她搬到了剑桥。根据前面的London and Manchester可知是两个地方,再结合and moved to Cambridge可知,她两者都不喜欢,才导致搬到了剑桥。neither表示“两者都不”;而none表示“三者以上都不”。8. (2014安徽卷24)You can ask anyone for help.here is willing to lend you a hand.A.One B.No oneC.EveryoneD.Someone【解析】选C。考查代词。句意:你可以请求任何人帮忙,这儿的每个人都乐意帮助你。根据句意可知应选everyone。9. (2014山东卷4)Susan madeclear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.A.thatB.thisC.it D.her【解析】选C。考查代词。句意:苏珊明确向我表明,她想为自己谋得一份新生活。此处it作形式宾语,而真正的宾语为that引导的宾语从句。10. (2014大纲版全国卷25)Whos that at the door?is the milkman.A.HeB.ItC.ThisD.That【解析】选B。考查代词。句意:谁在大门那儿?是送牛奶的人。当不能确定对方的性别或身份时常用it指代某人。五、介词和介词短语1. (2014重庆卷7)She drove so fast at the turn that the car almost wentthe road.A. onB. alongC. fromD. off【解析】选D。考查介词。句意:在拐弯处她开得太快,车差一点从路上冲出去。off偏离,从离开,符合语境。2. (2014福建卷22)Our club is open to everyoneage,sex or educational background.A. due toB. except forC. along withD. regardless of【解析】选D。考查介词短语辨析。句意:我们的俱乐部对每一个人开放,不管年龄、性别或教育背景。regardless of不管,不顾;due to由于;except for除了;along with和。3. (2014湖北卷30)Check carrots,potatoes,onions and any other vegetablesand immediately use or throw away any which show signs of rotting.A.in demandB.in storeC.on loan D.on sale【解析】选B。考查介词短语辨析。句意:检查储藏着的胡萝卜、土豆、洋葱和其他蔬菜,然后立即使用或者扔掉有腐烂迹象的蔬菜。in store“储藏”,符合句意。in demand“有需求”;on sale“出售”;on loan“借用”。4. (2014浙江卷10)While staying in the village,James unselfishly shared whatever he had with the villagers without asking for anything.A.in returnB.in commonC.in turnD.in place【解析】选A。考查短语辨析。句意:当待在村庄里的时候,詹姆斯无私地和村民们分享他拥有的任何东西,不求任何回报。in return作为回报,符合句意。in common有共同之处;in turn反过来,依次;in place在适当的位置。5. (2014浙江卷12)Facing up to your problemsrunning away from them is the best approach to working things out.A.more thanB.rather thanC.along withD.or rather【解析】选B。考查短语辨析。句意:面对你的问题而不逃避是解决问题的最好方法。more than“超过;非常,比多”;rather than而不是,而非;along with也,和;or rather更精确地说,倒不如说。根据句意可知,B项正确。6. (2014浙江卷17)People wont pay attention to you when they still have a lot of ideas of their own cryingexpression.A.fromB.overC.withD.for【解析】选D。考查介词用法。句意:当人们还有很多想法渴望表达时,他们是不会听你的。cry for急需,要求,固定短语,符合句意。7. (2014浙江卷18)Theres no reason to be disappointed.,this could be rather amusing.A.Above allB.As a resultC.In additionD.As a matter of fact【解析】选D。考查短语辨析。句意:没什么理由要失望。实际上这非常好玩。as a matter of fact事实上,实际上,表示一种转折关系,符合句意。8. (2014江西卷25).Starting your own business could be a way to achieving financial independence.,it could just put you in debt.A.In other wordsB.All in allC.As a result D.On the other hand【解析】选D。考查介词短语。句意:创业是获得经济独立的一种方法。另一方面,它也可能使你负债。on the other hand另一方面,表示转折。9. (2014江西卷33).It is unbelievable that Mr.Lucas leads a simple lifehis great wealth.A.withoutB.despiteC.inD.to【解析】选B。考查介词。句意:令人难以置信的是尽管卢卡斯很富有但是他仍过着简朴的生活。despite是介词,意思为“尽管”,表示转折,后接名词、代词、动名词。10. (2014江苏卷24)Tom always goes jogging in the morning and he usually does push-ups too to stay.A.in placeB.in orderC.in shapeD.in fashion【解析】选C。考查介词短语辨析。句意:汤姆总是早上慢跑并且经常做俯卧撑来保持体形。in shape表示“在外形上”,符合句意。in place“在合适的位置”;in order“秩序井然”;in fashion“流行”。11. (2014陕西卷14)The Scottish girlblue eyes won the first prize in the Fifth Chinese Speech Contest.A.byB.ofC.inD.with【解析】选D。考查介词辨析。句意:这个蓝眼睛的苏格兰女孩在第五届汉语演讲比赛中获得了一等奖。with具有;带有,符合题意。by通过,依据;of关于,属于;in在里面。12. (2014北京卷23)Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaveshalf an hour.A.byB.inC.forD.until【解析】选B。考查介词。句意:简正匆忙赶路,因为去机场的火车半小时后要离开了。句中的leaves是一般现在时表示将来,表达将来的“半小时后”,用介词in。13. (2014天津卷6)the school,the village has a clinic,which was also built with government support.A.In reply toB.In addition toC.In charge ofD.In place of【解析】选B。考查介词短语辨析。句意:除了学校,这个村里的一家诊所也是在政府的支持下建立的。in reply to回复,回应;in addition to除了还有;in charge of负责;in place of代替。根据句意选B。14. (2014安徽卷31)What we expect from you is working hardhardly working.A.less than B.rather thanC.as well asD.as much as【解析】选B。考查短语辨析。句意:从你那儿我们所期望的就是努力工作,而不是几乎不工作。rather than而不是;less than少于;as well as和,又,也;as much as和一样多。15. (2014大纲版全国卷29)September 30 is the daywhich you must pay your bill.A.byB.forC.withD.in【解析】选A。考查介词。句意:9月30日是你必须付账的日子。在具体某一天用介词on,表示截止到这一天,用介词by。六、形容词、副词和倍数表达法1. (2014福建卷24)With online shopping increasingly popular, the Internet is seen as a(n)way of reaching target customers.A. temporaryB. complexC. accurate D. efficient【解析】选D。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:随着网上购物越来越受欢迎,互联网被看作一种与目标客户群联系的有效方式。efficient有效的,高效的,符合句意;temporary临时的;complex复杂的;accurate精确的。2. (2014湖北卷27)What was soabout Jasmine Westlands victory was that she came first in the marathon bare-footed.A.awfulB.essentialC.impressiveD.obvious【解析】选C。考查形容词辨析。句意:关于贾思敏韦斯特兰的胜利给人印象最深的就是她赤脚取得了马拉松的第一名。impressive“给人印象深刻的”,符合句意。awful“糟糕的;可怕的”;essential“必要的”;obvious“明显的”。3. (2014湖北卷28)Instead of blaming the child who had broken the vase,she gave him asmile and let him go.A.cautiousB.gratefulC.tolerantD.wild【解析】选C。考查形容词辨析。句意:她没有指责打破花瓶的男孩,而是给他一个宽容的微笑让他走了。tolerant“宽容的”,符合句意。cautious“谨慎的”;grateful“感激的”;wild“野生的”。4. (2014湖北卷29)Hardly had Sabrina finished her words when Albert said,“Dont be so mean,”pointing a finger of warning at her.A.dreadfullyB.guiltilyC.indirectlyD.sharply【解析】选D。考查副词辨析。句意:塞布丽娜刚说完,艾尔伯特就严厉地说“别那么小气”,并用手指着警告她。sharply“严厉地,毫不客气地”,符合句意。indirectly“间接地”;guiltily“内疚地”;dreadfully“可怕地”。5. (2014浙江卷4)Joe is proud and,never admitting he is wrong and always looking for someone else to blame.A.strict B.sympatheticC.stubborn D.sensitive【解析】选C。考查形容词辨析。句意:乔自傲顽固,从来不承认自己做错事,并总是责怪别人。strict严格的;sympathetic同情的;stubborn顽固的,固执的;sensitive敏感的。根据下句中的never admitting和looking for someone else to blame(不承认自己错,总找替罪羊)可知应选C。6. (2014浙江卷13)The aim of education is to teach young people to think for themselves and not follow others.A.blindlyB.unwillinglyC.closelyD.carefully【解析】选A。考查副词辨析。句意:教育的目的是交给年轻人要独立思考,不要盲目地跟随别人。blindly盲目地;轻率地,符合句意。unwillingly不乐意地;closely紧密地,亲密地;carefully仔细地。根据句意可知A项正确。7. (2014江西卷23).Thanks for your directions to the house;we wouldnt have found it.A.nowhere B.howeverC.otherwiseD.instead【解析】选C。考查副词。句意:多谢你把我们领到这所房子,否则,我们是不可能找到它的。otherwise要不然,否则,符合语境;nowhere无处;however然而;instead代替。8. (2014江苏卷32)I cant meet you on Sunday. Ill beoccupied.A.alsoB.justC.neverthelessD.otherwise【解析】选D。考查副词辨析。句意:我周日不能和你见面,我要忙别的事情。otherwise occupied 相当于otherwise engaged 忙于别的事，故选D。9. (2014安徽卷27)My good performance in the job interview left meabout my future and about what I can do here.A.puzzled B.sensitiveC.optimisticD.embarrassed【解析】选C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我在工作面试中的出色表现使得我对未来和在这儿能做的事情很乐观。be optimistic about对乐观。be puzzled about对迷惑不解;sensitive敏感的,常与介词to连用;embarrassed困窘的,尴尬的。10. (2014安徽卷33)Its our hope that we will play a greater role in the market place and,supply more jobs.A.however B.anywhereC.thereforeD.otherwise【解析】选C。考查副词词义辨析。句意:我们希望在市场这个地方将会起到更大的作用,因此提供更多的工作。根据句意本句前后是因果关系,故用therefore因此。however然而;anywhere任何地方;otherwise否则。11. (2014大纲版全国卷27)Raymonds parents wanted him to havepossible education.A.good B.betterC.bestD.the best【解析】选D。考查固定短语。句意:Raymond的父母希望他能接受最好的教育。the best possible最好的,固定短语,作定语。例如:They want to get the best possible price.他们想争取到最好的价格。12. (2014大纲版全国卷28)I think Mrs.Stark could bebetween 50 and 60 years of age.A.anywhereB.anybodyC.anyhowD.anything【解析】选A。考查副词及习惯用法。句意:我认为Stark夫人的年龄在50岁到60岁之间。anywhere在此处表示“(指某个范围内)任何一点上”,表示此意时,经常用于anywhere between.and./anywhere from.to.等。例如:My visits lasted anywhere from three weeks to two months.我每次逗留时间从3个星期到两个月不等。【易错误区】anywhere还是anybody(1)误导原因:因为不知道anywhere还有“(指某个范围内)任何一点上”的意思,只知道它表示“在任何地方”,所以很多学生首先排除A。认为主语是人,所以选anybody。(2)去伪存真:anybody表示任何人或重要人物,如果翻译成任何人,句意不通顺;如果翻译成重要人物,句意通顺,但是anybody表示此意时要放在否定句中,此处是肯定句,所以不能选anybody。13. (2014大纲版全国卷34)Henry was away from home for quite a bit andsaw his family.A.frequentlyB.seldomC.alwaysD.usually【解析】选B。考查副词。句意:亨利离开家很长时间了,很少见到他的家人。seldom表示“很少”,符合句意。七、动词和动词短语1. (2014福建卷25)It is widely acknowledged that students should bein terms of overall quality.A. supportedB. matchedC. evaluatedD. controlled【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意:人们普遍认为学生应该依据其整体素质而被评价。evaluate评价,评估;support支持;match相匹配;control控制。根据句意可知选C。2. (2014福建卷33)As a grassroots singer,she reads everything she canconcerning music,and takes every opportunity to improve herself.A.catch sight ofB.get hold ofC.take charge ofD.make mention of【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意:作为一名草根歌手,她阅读一切能够得到的关于音乐的东西,并且抓住每一个机会提升自己。get hold of抓住,得到,符合句意;catch sight of看见;take charge of掌管,负责;make mention of提到。3. (2014湖北卷23)Seeing the big crowd coming towards him, he started to run down the hill, butand went down on his hands and knees in the melting snow.A. slippedB. skiedC. signalledD. sank【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。句意:看到人群朝他过来,他开始朝山下跑去但是滑倒了,跪倒在正在融化的雪上。slip“滑倒”,符合句意。sky“将投向空中”;signal“向发信号”;sink“使下沉”。4. (2014湖北卷24)The old rules have to bebecause they only applied to the circumstances that existed when they were made a hundred years ago.A.developedB.establishedC.observedD.revised【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。句意:这些旧的规章制度必须修订了,因为它们只适用于一百年前制定时候的情况。revise“修订”,符合句意。develop“发展”;establish“建立”;observe“观察”。【易错误区】develop还是revise(1)误导原因:误认为因为制度不适合当今的新形势所以要发展。(2)去伪存真:主语是旧制度而非制度,制度可以发展改善,但旧制度只能是修订、修改,故用revise,而非develop。5. (2014湖北卷25)Ive been trying to phone Charles all evening, but there must be something wrong with the network; I cant seem to.A.get throughB.get offC.get in D.get along【解析】选A。考查短语辨析。句意:我整晚都在给查尔斯打电话,但一定是网络出了问题,好像就是接不通。get through“接通”,符合句意。get off“下车”;get in“收割;到达”;get along“相处;进展”。6. (2014湖北卷26)Is this your necklace,Mary?Iit when I was cleaning the bathroom this morning.A.came across B.dealt withC.looked after D.went for【解析】选A。考查短语辨析。句意:玛丽,这是你的项链吗?今天早上我打扫浴室时偶然发现的。come across“偶遇,偶然发现”,符合句意。deal with“处理;应对”;look after“照顾;照看”;go for“对适用”。7. (2014浙江卷7)Last week a tennis ball hit me on the head,but I tried tothe pain,believing that it would go away sooner or later.A.shareB.realizeC.ignoreD.cause【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意:上周一个网球砸在了我的头上,但是我尽力去忽视疼痛,认为迟早会消失的。share分享;realize意识到,实现;ignore忽略,不理睬;cause造成,引起。根据句意可知C项正确。8. (2014浙江卷9)No matter how carefully you plan your finances,no one canwhen the unexpected will happen.A.proveB.implyC.demandD.predict【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意:不管你多么仔细地计划你的资金,没有人能够预测什么时候会发生意想不到的事情。prove证明;imply意味,暗示;demand要求,命令;predict预测。根据句中的when the unexpected will happen可知D项正确。9. (2014浙江卷19)How could yousuch a fantastic job when you have been out of work for months?A.turn off B.turn inC.turn downD.turn to【解析】选C。考查短语辨析。句意:你都好几个月没有工作了,你怎么能够拒绝这么好的一份工作呢?turn off关闭;turn in上交;turn down调小,拒绝;turn to求助于。根据句意可知C项正确。10. (2014江西卷27).Anyway,were here now,so letssome serious work.A.come up withB.get down toC.do away withD.live up to【解析】选B。考查动词短语。句意:不管怎样,我们来了,那就让我们着手干些要紧的活吧。get down to着手,to为介词;come up with提出;do away with废除、摆脱;live up to不辜负。11. (2014江西卷29).I dont believe what you said,but if you can prove it,you may be able tome.A.convinceB.informC.guaranteeD.refuse【解析】选A。考查动词。句意:我不相信你所说的,但是如果你能证明它,你或许能够使我相信。convince使相信,符合句意;inform告知、通知;guarantee保证;refuse拒绝。12. (2014江苏卷25)Top graduates from universities areby major companies.A.chasedB.registeredC.offeredD.compensated【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意:高才生受到各大公司的青睐,成为争相录用的对象。chase追逐,符合句意。register注册;offer提供;compensate补偿。13. (2014江苏卷30)Dad,I dont think Oliver the right sort of person for the job.I see. Ill go right away and.A.pay him backB.pay him offC.put him awayD.put him off【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意:爸爸,我认为奥利弗不是做这项工作的合适人选。我明白。我马上去解雇他。pay sb.off意为“(付清工资后)解雇某人”,符合语境。pay sb.back惩罚/报复某人;put away收拾,整理;put off推迟。14. (2014江苏卷33)Legend has it that the origin of Dragon Boat Festival is tothe soul of Qu Yuan.A.rememberB.remindC.recoverD.recall【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。句意:传说端午节的起源是为了召回屈原的灵魂。recall“召回”,符合句意。remember“记住”;remind“提醒”;recover“恢复”。15. (2014陕西卷18)Ralph W.Emerson would alwaysnew ideas that occurred to him.A.set offB.set aboutC.set upD.set down【解析】选D。考查短语辨析。句意:拉尔夫W爱默生总是把冒出的新想法记下来。set off出发,引爆,激起;set about着手;set up建立;set down写下,记下。根据句意选D。16. (2014天津卷9)My parents alwaysgreat importance to my getting a good education.A.haveB.attachC.acceptD.pay【解析】选B。考查动词短语。句意:我的父母一直非常重视让我接受良好的教育。attach importance to重视,强调。此处是固定搭配。17. (2014天津卷13)The two countries are going to meet tosome barriers to trade between them.A.make up B.use upC.turn downD.break down【解析】选D。考查动词短语辨析。句意:这两个国家打算会晤商讨打破两国贸易的障碍。make up组成,化妆,整理;use up用完,耗尽;turn down拒绝,调低;break down消除,抛锚,出故障,和谈等失败,崩