鲁教版八年级英语上册Unit1知识点总结归纳.doc

Unit One 知识点总结归纳单词：1 everything 每件事物，一切（不定代词，表单数）以thing 结尾的不定代词作主语时，反意问句主语用it：Everything is here, isnt it? (something, anything, nothing) 以 body、one 结尾的不定代词作主语时，反意问句主语用they:Nobody likes it, do they? (someone, somebody, anyone,anybody, everyone, everybody)2 paper 纸 （不可数） a piece of paper, three pieces of papernewspaper 报纸（可数）a newspaper, two newspapers3 use v. n. 使用，利用useful adj. 有用的， useless adj. 无用的4. little 修饰不可数名词；表否定 （little 也可表达“小”，修饰可数名词 ） 少 a little 修饰不可数名词；表肯定 few 修饰可数名词；表否定 a few 修饰可数名词；表肯定5 pollution n. 污染（不可数） pollute v. 污染6 building n.建筑物，房屋 build v. 建造过去式：built7 . alone 形容词：单独的,独自的（无感情色彩）只能做表语; He is alone. 副词： 单独地，独自 live alone 独居，独自生活 lonely 形容词：孤独的,寂寞的，偏僻的，荒凉的（有感情色彩）可以作表语feel lonely 感到孤独 也可作定语：a lonely boy 8 probably adv. 大概，或许(一般用于句中) probable adj. 可能的，大概的 maybe (一般用于句首)9 go skating 去滑冰 go swimming /shopping/ surfing/ camping/ boating/ fishing去游泳/去购物/去冲浪/去野营/去划船/去钓鱼10 be able to. (be有不同的时态和人称变化)=can. (情态动词，不受主语影响，现在用can, 过去用could)11 wear穿着。，戴着。（表状态，宾语是衣服、鞋帽、眼镜等） dress 1）穿衣, 穿着 (无宾语) 2）给。穿衣服 （表动作，宾语是人）dress myself 自己穿衣服 put 。on 穿上。，戴上。（表动作，宾语是衣服、鞋帽、眼镜等）12 casually adv. 非正式地，随意地 casual adj. 非正式的，随意的13 反身代词：myself,yourself,herself, himself,itself,ourselves,yourselves,themselves14 interview n. v. 面试，采访interviewer n. 采访者，记者15 predict v. 预测，预言prediction n.16 sound 1) n.声音（不可数） 2) v. 听起来。（+adj.）:sound interesting17 company n.公司复数：companies18 unpleasant adj.使人不愉快的please v. 使。高兴 pleased adj. 高兴的，满意的 pleasant adj. 令人愉快的19 scientist n.科学家science n. 科学20 however ，。然而。21 hundred n. 一百 （与数词搭配使用时，只用单数）：two hundred22 factory n. 工厂复数：factories23 simple adj.简单的，简易的simply adv. 简单地24这样，这么，那么：.so 与 such的区别： 1）so 是副词，修饰形容词或副词 ，such是形容词，修饰名词2）都可修饰单数可数名词：so+adj. + a/an+n. = such+a/an+adj.+n.3)修饰复数或不可数名词用such，但如果前面有many, much, few, little（少） 等表数量的词修饰则用so.25 bored adj. 厌烦的，厌倦的bore v. 使。厌烦 boring adj. 令人厌烦的26 human 复数：humans27possible adj. 可能的possibly adv. 可能地28 electric adj.电的，导电的electricity n. 电29 toothbrush n.牙刷 复数：toothbrushes30 seem的用法： 1)seem 做系动词 seem +adj.： seem possible 2) seem to do sth. (简单句) 变复合句：It seems/seemed + that 从句He seems to be ill.It seems that he is ill.31 housework n. 家务（不可数）Unit One 知识点总结归纳Section A:1. There be。 （有。） 结构：1) 就近原则：There is a book and two pens on the desk.2) There be 表示某地存在某物 have 表示某人拥有某物3） 将来时的结构为：There will be。（There wont be。；Will there be。？；There will be。，wont there?) =There is/are going to be。2. go to school 去上学 go to the school 到学校去（为了学习以外的目的）3 每一个 every用于三者或三者以上；不能与of 连用every one of us 我们每个人 each 用于两者或两者以上；可以与of 连用：each of us 我们每个人4.study at home on computers 在家通过电脑学习5.Everything will be free. 一切都会是免费的。（free 免费的；空闲的;自由的）6.live to be 200 years old 活到200岁7.in 100 years 100年后 （用于将来时） 8 less /more free time 更少/更多的自由时间little 修饰不可数；表否定 a little 修饰不可数；表肯定 few 修饰可数；表否定 a few 修饰可数；表肯定9 less /more pollution 更少/更多的污染10 fewer/more tall buildings 更少/更多的高楼 （more： many/much的比较级）11 I think+从句：1）否定主句：I don think he is a bad boy.2）反问从句：I dont think hell come, will he? 3）对从句中的成分提问时，特殊疑问词放句首，I think 变为do you think: What do you think she will be in ten years?12.agree: 反义词 disagree agree to do sth.同意做某事 agree with sb/ones words/what sb said 意某人的话13.be in high school 在上中学 go to high school 上中学14.be in college 在上大学 go to college 上大学15.play soccer /football/ basketball/tennis/chess 踢足球（英式足球）/ 踢足球/打篮球/打网球/下象棋play the guitar/ the piano/ the violin 弹吉他/弹钢琴/拉小提琴Section B:1.live in an apartment 住在一所公寓里2.a computer programmer 一位电脑程序师3. take the train to school=go to school by train take the bus to sw = go to sw by bus fly to sw = go to sw by air (plane) ride to sw = go to sw by bike drive to sw = go to sw by car walk to sw = go to sw on foot4.fly rockets to the moon = go to the moon by rocket 乘火箭飞到月球5.live on a space station住在太空站6.fall in love with 爱上7.as a reporter/an astronaut 作为一名记者/一个宇航员8 lots of=a lot of 即可修饰可数又可修饰不可数 many 修饰可数名词 much 修饰不可数名词9.interest v.使感兴趣 n.兴趣interesting adj. 有趣的，令人感兴趣的（+人/事物）interested adj. 感兴趣的（用于人做主语，表感觉） be interested in = take/ show/ have (an) interest in 对感兴趣10 like doing/to do 喜欢干。 hate doing/to do讨厌干。，不喜欢干。11keep 1)饲养、照顾 keep a pet parrothave a family to keep 2)保持keep + adj. 保持某种状态 keep healthykeep sb + adj.使某人保持某种状态keep doing sth 一直做某事 keep sb doing sth使人一直做某事 keep sb from doing sth阻止某人做某事 3)记账、日记 keep a diary 12.during the week 在一周期间13 look smart 看起来精神/漂亮14 wear a suit/ uniform 穿套装/制服15 at the weekends在周末 on weekdays 在平时16 dress more casually 穿着更随意17 go to sw on vacation去某地度假18 one day 一天(一般过去，用于讲述过去的事情)；有朝一日，（一般将来） some day有朝一日；将来的某一天（一般将来）19 win the next World Cup 赢下届世界杯20 next time 下一次21win awards/ an award 获奖 win 赢，赢得（无宾语；或以比赛、奖品等作为宾语） beat 赢，战胜，打败（以比赛对象作为宾语）：beat them22 do sth for fun 干娱乐 区别:have fun doing sth 做某事高兴=have a good/great time doing23 What will the weather be like tomorrow? 明天天气会怎样？Self check:1.job interview 求职面试2 need to do 需要干。3 have to do 必须干。4 fly to the moon for vacation 飞到月球度假fly to sw = go to sw by air/plane 乘飞机去。5 come true 实现 达到6 the head of 。的首脑7 oneof the biggest movie companies 最大的电影公司之一 one of + 最高级+ 名词的复数：最。之一8.want to do sth 想要做某事 =would like to do9 see sb do sth 看见某人做某事（经常看见或看见全过程） see sb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事10 be used by most people 被大多数人使用11 in space 在太空中12 a place to live 一个居住的地方13 a famous Chinese astronaut 一个著名的中国宇航员14 What do you think your life will be like next month? 你认为下个月你的生活会是什么样？15 a lot /much/even better 更好，好得多（a lot, much,even 修饰比较级, a little/a bit 既可以修饰比较级，也可以修饰原级）Reading:1 their own robots 他们自己的机器人2 science fiction movies 科幻电影3 help sb with sth 在某方面帮助某人 = help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事4 do the most unpleasant jobs 做最令人不愉快的工作5.1)take 花费：表示花时间，主语可以是 sb/ sth/ it常用：It takes sb sometime to do sth.2)pay 表示花钱；主语是sb. Sb pays some money for sth =Sb buys sth for some money3)spend 表示花时间或金钱 ；主语是 sb. Sb spends sometime/ some money on sth./( in )doing sth6. try to do sth 尽力做某事 try doing sth 试着做某事7.make robots look like people 使机器人看起来像人 (make sb do sth 使某人做某事)8.do the same things as us 做跟我们相同的事情9 this kind of. 这种。 （+单数或复数名词，谓语动词取决于ki