2013高考英语二轮语法学案(情态动词03)(训练题配答案或解析).doc

2013高考英语：（05）二轮语法学案（情态动词03）（训练题配答案或解析）情态动词(三)can/could，may/might，must的用法1can/could的用法归纳如下： 用法 例句 can could表示智力或体力方面的能力或表示客观的可能性。What can I do for you?我能为你做些什么?He could read books in English when he was only five当他只有五岁时就能阅读英文书籍了。表示向对方提出请求。Could you please ask him to call me back?你能让他给我回个电话吗?在否定句、疑问句或感叹句中表示怀疑、猜测或惊奇：could较can表示说话人更不确定的语气。You cant be serious你不可能是当真的。(表示猜测)一l suggest you ask MrWu我建议你去问问吴先生。一Wellyes，it could be哦也许是吧。(表示怀疑)后接不定式的进行时态，表示对正在进行的动作的猜测，用于否定句或疑问句中。They cant be working iIl the laboratory at the moment现在他们不会在实验室工作。What can Yang Bei be doing now?杨蓓现在会在干什么呢? 后接不定式的完成式，用在否定句、疑问句中，表示对过去发生行为的怀疑和不确定。The guards couldnt have watched very carefully哨兵木可能非常仔细地观察。表示“建议”某人做某事，could较can语气委婉。There are several things we could do我们可以做几件事。We could visit the town of Aswan我们可以游览阿斯旺城。在口语中代替may或might表示被允许。could比can语气更显“犹豫”和客气。通常用在不能确定请求会得到同意的时候。Could/Can I borrow your reference book?我可以借阅你的参考书吗? You can smoke in the entrance hall你可以在人口大堂内抽烟。1 wonder if Icould use your phone?我能否用一下你的电话?用在肯定句中后跟不定式的完成式，表示事实上没有实现的行为，并带有说话人较为和缓的责备语气。You are late againYou could have got up earlier this morning你又迟到了。你早上可以早点起来的。用在wish后的宾语从句或虚拟条件句中构成谓语，表示愿望或与事实相反的动作。1 wish we could go to the seaside today。Pity we live so far from the sea我希望今天能去海滨，可惜我们住得离大海那么远。 If you had studied harderyou could have passed the examination如果你再用功点儿，就能通过考试。考题1 .(典型例题)She is. late. What have happened to her? A. should B. must C. can D. would考题2 ( 典型例题 分 ) Im not sure if Im going to Jeffs party. I go to the concert instead. A. can B. must C. may D. should2may/might的用法归纳如下： 用法 、 例句 may I might表示“被允许”的意思时用“Might I”较“May I?”客气些。在“Can I?”“Could I?”“May l?”和“Might I?”几种形式中，might最客气、最恭敬，但不如其他常用。May I ask you when and where you were born?我可以问一下你是在何时何地出生的吗?一May I use your computer? 我可以用一下你的电脑吗? Yesgo ahead可以，去用吧。在肯定句、否定句中表示可能。might还可用在疑问句中表示可能。Why dont you look for someone who might be a special friend?你为什么不去找一位有可能成为特别朋友的人呢?susan may not be in the library now苏珊现在可能不在图书馆。后接进行式，表示对正在进行的动作的推测。He may be working in the fields他可能正在地里劳动。They might be holding a meeting in the classroom他们可能正在教室里开会。后接完成式的不定式，表示对过去发生的行为的推测。Fang Qun may have been to the USAHe speaks English with an American accent方群可能去过美国，他讲英语带有美音。表 示 祝 愿采用部分倒装语序：May+主语+动词原形+! May you succeed!祝你成功! May the friendship between our two peoples last for ever!祝我们两国人民的友谊万古长青! 用在虚拟条件句中构成谓语。表示可能，有时表示事实上没有实现的行为。If you had invited her，she might have come如果你邀请她的话，她或许会来的。用在由so that或in order that引导的目的状语从句中。Keep the young plants in the shade so that they may not be burnt bythe sun把幼苗放在阴凉处，以免太阳把它们晒枯。 考题3 (典型例题) -Didnt you know that you went driving at 100 kilometers an hour, Madam? - . My old car can do no more than 80, officer. A. I may not have been B. I couldnt have been C. I mustnt have been D. I shouldnt have been3有关must的用法已在前一课详细论述，此处不再赘述。考题1点拨；答案为C。can在这里表示“可能”。can have done表示从现在眼光看来“过去可能发生了某事”，而且其结果与现在有关。