初一unit1重点语法小结.docx

（一）be 动词用法口诀:我( I )用 am,你(you)用 are, Is 跟着他(he)她(she)它(it)，单数用is，复数用are.1.选择正确的be动词填空。（1）I _ a student. （2）We _ friends.（3）He _ a good boy. （4）She _ is my sister.（5）They _ playing football. （6）You _ my friend.一 写出三个be动词: _ _ _二 口诀: 我(I)用_, 你(you)用_, is 跟着他( ) ,她( ) ,它( ),单数 is, 复数are,勿忘be的三变化 三 用be动词(am, is, are) 填空:1. What _ your name? My name _ Tom.2. What _ his name? His name Kevin.3. What _ your moms name? Her name _ Lula.4. This _ Jim, my teacher. 5. How _ you? I _ fine.6. How _ he? He _ OK.7. How _ Nancy? She _ fine, too.（二）aan的用法及区别 a/an的用法以及区别用法：a 与 an 是不定冠词，译为“一（个；件.),只能用在单数可数名词前，表示一个或某一类人或事物。 区别：a用在元音因素开头的单数可数名词前，eg: a ruler, a box. an用在元音因素开头的单数可数名词前，eg: an egg, an apple.练习：用a 或 an 填空。A.） 1. _class 2._English book 3._telephone 4._student 5._ egg 6. _evening 7._old box 8. _desk 9. _ umbrella 10._ girl 11. _ _boy 12. _pear 13._apple 14._banana 15._map B.）1. I am _(a, an)student. 2.There is _(a, an) elephant in the zoo. 2. 3.You are _(a, an) good boy. 4.I have _(a, an) orange. 5.Miss Grant is _( a, an )ugly teacher. 6.This is _(a ,an)new book. 7.Please take _(a, an )umbrella. 8.Lucy is_(a, an )beautiful girl.9.My father is _(a ,an) doctor. 10.There is _(a,an) orange on the table. （三）可数名词单数变复数规则：规则： (1)一般可数名词的复数形式直接加-s。例如bookbooksappleapplespencilpencilsbagbags (2)以s, x，sh，ch结尾的名词后加-es。例如： busbusesboxboxeswatch-watches(3) 以o结尾的词加es或加s.hero-heroes英雄；potato-potatoes 土豆； tomato-tomatoes 西红柿；photo-photos 相片；piano-pianos钢琴(4) 以f、fe结尾的名词，变f、fe为v+es.wife-wives(妻子); knife-knives（小刀）; wolf-wolves（狼）; thief-thieves（小偷）; shelf-shelves (架子)(5) 以y 结尾的，如果y前面是辅音，把y 改为i，再加-es，读iz； 如果y前面是元音，直接加s，读z。辅音加y： story-stories city-cities family - families baby - babies 元音加y：boy -boys toy- toys key- keys 不规则：(1) 有些名词有不规则的复数形式man-men woman-women tooth-teeth（牙齿） foot-feet policeman-policemen mousemice 老鼠 childchildren oxoxen 公牛 (2 )有些名词的单复数形式相同deer- deer 鹿 sheep -sheep 绵羊fish-fish 鱼 Chinese-Chinese (3) 有些单数形式的名词具有复数的含义，要当作复数看待people 人们 police 警察 public 公众leaf_ puppy_ box_ knife_ fly_ fox_ bus_ bench_ brush_ kiss_ church_ dish_ ruler_ peach_ glass_ pencil_ boy_ zoo_ man_ sheep_ knife_ lady_ key_ story_ watch_ bamboo_ city_ family_ day_ apple_ eraser_ speech_ thief_ mouse_ fish_ goose_ people _ ox_ Chinese _ deer _ foot_ child_ tooth_ guy_ hero_ spy_ boss_ monkey_ city _ goat _ radio _ horse _ dog _（四）【链接】 whats this/ that? 与what are these/those? 的区别； Is this/ that a(an).? 与Are these/those.? 的区别; What are these/those? 是Whats this/ that? 的复数形式； Are these/those.? 是 Is this/ that a(an).? 的复数形式。拓展怎样把句子的单数形式变为复数形式？主要遵循以下五步：（1） 主语thisthese, thatthose, Iwe，he/she/itthey。（2） Be(am/is) are。（3） 把不定冠词 a/ an 去掉。（4） 疑问词，介词短语，物主代词不变。（5） 把单数名词变为复数名词。如：1. Whats this in English?2. It is a book.3. He is a boy. 4. She is a girl.跟踪练习：单项选择:1. -Are these your pens?- _. They are her pens.A. Yes, it is. B. No, it isnt. C. Yes, they are. D. No, they arent.2. -What are those?-_are oranges.A. .These B.They C. It D. Its3. - What are_?-_are boxes.A. that;They B. these; They C.those; It4. - Is this a telephone?-Yes,_.A. this is B.it is C.that is D.its5. -Is that your pencil?-_. Its her pencil.A. Yes, it is. B. No, they arent. C. Yes, they are. D. No, it isnt.6. -Whats this _English?-Its a car.A. to B.of C.in D.on 按要求完成句子。1. Are these oranges?