形容词副词介词连词讲解.docx

MAGICAL LANGUAGE CENTER5形容词副词形容词修饰名词，说明事物或人的性质或特征。通常，可将形容词分成性质形容词和叙述形容词两类，其位置不一定都放在名词前面。1)直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词，它有级的变化，可以用程度副词修饰，在句中可作定语、表语和补语。例如：hot 热的。2)叙述形容词只能作表语，所以又称为表语形容词。这类形容词没有级的变化，也不可用程度副词修饰。大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。例如：afraid 害怕的，alike，alive，alone，asleep，awake。（错）She is an afraid girl.（对）The girl is afraid.3）形容词作定语修饰名词时，要放在名词的前边。但是如果形容词修饰以-thing为字尾的词语时，要放在这些词之后，例如：something nice以-ly结尾的形容词 1） 大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。但 friendly，deadly，lovely，lonely，likely，lively，ugly，brotherlysisterly, motherly, fatherly 等仍为形容词。2）有些以-ly 结尾既为形容词，也为副词。daily，weekly，monthly，yearly，earlyThe Times is a daily paper.The Times is published daily. 带有数字的复合形容词当复合形容词用连字号连接时，其中的名词用单数形式。主要有两种结构： 1) 数词+名词。 a three-hour flight 一次三小时的飞行 a five-hundred-word letter 一封五百字的信2) 数词+名词+形容词。 a three-year-old boy 一个三岁的男孩 多个形容词修饰名词的顺序多个形容词修饰名词时，其顺序为：限定词-数词-描绘词-(大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色) -出处-材料性质，类别-名词限定词+数量词（序数词在前，基数词在后）+性状形容词+大小、长短、高低等形体+those + three + beautiful + large + square新旧+颜色+国籍+材料+名词old + brown + wood + table1） Tony is going camping with _c_ boys.A.little two other B. two little other C.two other little D.little other two2) One day they crossed the _a_bridge behind the palace.A. old Chinese stone B. Chinese old stone C. old stone Chinese D. Chinese stone old副词及其基本用法 副词主要用来修饰动词，形容词，副词或其他结构。He studies English hard.His handwriting is very good.He writes very carefully.Sometimes he walks to school注意：副词enough要放在形容词的后面，形容词enough放在名词前后都可。兼有两种形式的副词 1) close与closelyclose意思是近； closely 意思是仔细地He is sitting close to me.Watch him closely.2)late 与lately late意思是晚； lately 意思是最近You have come too late.What have you been doing lately?3)deep与deeply deep意思是深，表示空间深度；deeply时常表示感情上的深度，深深地He pushed the stick deep into the mud.Even father was deeply moved by the film.4)high与highly high表示空间高度；highly表示程度，相当于muchThe plane was flying high.I think highly of your opinion.5)wide与widely wide表示空间宽度；widely意思是广泛地，在许多地方He opened the door wide.English is widely used in the world.6)free与freelyfree的意思是免费；freely 的意思是无限制地 “自由地”You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like.You may speak freely; say what you like.形容词与副词的比较级 单音节词在词尾加-er(比较级)或-est(最高级)以字母e接尾的词加-r或-st： tall(高的) nice(好的)以重读闭音节结尾的词末尾只有一个辅音字母应双写辅音字母再加er或estbig(大的) hot (热的)以辅音字母+y结尾的词变为i再加-er,或-esteasy(容易的) busy(忙的)多音节词和多数双音节词在其前面加more 和most important(重要的) easily(容易地)注意： 英语中，有些双音节形容词可以加more/most，也可以加-er ，-est构成比较级和最高级，常见的词有：friendly,clever,narrow,common。 以-ior结尾的形容词，不用比较级+than来表示比较，而是要用原级+to。常用的 词有：superior(优于)，inferior(次于)，junior(年少的)，senior(较年长的，较高级别 的)。 少数形容词和副词的比较级、最高级是不规则的。good/well-better - best bad/ill/- worse worse many/much - more most little - less least old-older/elder-oldest/eldest far-farther/further-farthest/furthest一同等程度比较的要点 1) asas 之间一定要用形容词或副词原形，如： I am as old as you. 我和你年龄一样大。 Tom works as hard as Mary. 汤姆和玛丽工作一样努力。2) so用以替代第一个as时，只能用于否定句，如： John is not as/so clever as Jack. 约翰不像杰克那样聪明。3)as much+不可数名词+as，as many+可数名词复数as 和一样多的某物4)as+adj.+ a/an+可数名词单数 +as as+adj.+不可数名词+as二. 要用比较级+than的结构。 2) 比较级前可用a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even等等表示程度，但比较级 前不能再用不能使用very，quite.。注：表示不同程度比较时，句子主语不能包括在比较对象的范围之内。 Tom works harder than any students.错注：比较级范围是由of引出两者之间的比较，比较级前要用定冠词 。 He is the taller of the two. 两人中他高一点。 三、最高级1) 三者(或三者以上)的比较才能用最高级。 2) 形容词最高级要加the。 one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数表示最之一) 注：最高级可用by far,easily,nearly ,by no means,序数词等修饰，置于最高级之前。He is the second tallest boy in our class.四、几个特殊的比较结构 1) the+比较级，the+比较级结构，意为越，越，表示程度的平行增长2) 比较级+and+比较级结构，意为越来越，表示程度逐渐增长6介词(一)表示时间的介词(1)at接具体时间：egat six，at half past two，at ten to twelve表示“在时刻”；eg: at noon，at midnight(2)in表示“在(某段时间段)之间”；egin January，in a month，in spring，in 2005在将来时中，表示“在某段时间之后” egIn ten years，I think Ill be a reporter(3)on 表示在具体的某一天或某一天的上午、下午或晚上等。eg. On Monday，On Tuesday afternoon，On May4th，On the morning of July 6th(三)固定搭配的介词 (1)动词+介词：look after，look at，look for，laugh at，listen to，hear from，turn On，turn off, wait for，worry about，think of，spendOn(2)介词十名词：by train，on foot，at the end of ,at last，in the end，in trouble，at table，at breakfast， in hospital,in time，On time, On ones way to，with pleasure (3)be+形容词+介词：be afraid of ,be good at，be goodbad for， be late for，be interested in，be angry, with，be full of，be sorry for7.连词(conj.用来连接词与词或句与句(1)并列连词(用来连接平行的词、词组或分句)表并列关系：not onlybut also，neithernor，and表选择关系：or，eitheror表转折关系：but，while表因果关系：for，so(2)从属连词(用来引导状语从句)引导时间状语从句：after，before，when，while，as，until，till，since，as soon as引导原因状语从句：because，as，since引导目的状语从句：so that，in order that引导结果状语从句：so that，sothat，suchthat引导比较状语从句：than，asas引导宾语从句：that（陈述句），if,/whether（一般疑问句）一、基础练习1. If I had, Id visit Europe, stopping at all the small interesting places.A. a long enough holiday B. an enough long holidayC. a holiday enough long D. a long holiday enough2. These oranges taste. A. good B. well C. to be good D. to be well3. How beautifully she sings! I have never heard.A. the better voice B. a good voice C. the best voice D. a better voice4. Id be, if you could give me an early reply.A. pleasant B. grateful C. satisfied D. helpful5. Those T-shirts are usually 35 each, but today they have a (an)price of 19 in the shopping center.A. regular B. special C. cheap D. ordinary6. Mr Smith bought apurse for his wife.A. small black leather B. black leather small C. small leather black D. black small leather7. How was your job interview? Oh, I couldnt feel. I hardly found proper answers to most of the questions they asked.A. better B. easier C. worse D. happier8. Longjing tea, Jasmine tea and Wuyi tea are all famous,but which do you think?A. tastes best B. smells most C. sounds best D. drinks mostly9. Can Li Hua help me with my English? I regret to tell you her English isyours.A. as good as B. no more than C. no better than D. as much as10. Although he sometimes loses his temper, his students like himfor it.A. not so much B. not so little C. no more D. no less11. When they came in, Mr Harrislike a baby.Nobody would like to wake him from a good dream,because he needed rest.A. fell asleep B. was sound asleep C. got asleep D. went to sleep12. This year they have produced grain they did last year.A. as less； as B. as few； as C. less； than D. fewer； than13. Can I help you? Well, Im afraid the box isheavy for you,but thank you all the same.A. so B. much C. very D. too14. How did you find your visit to the museum? I thoroughly enjoy it. It wasthan I expected.A. far more interesting B. even much interestingC. so far interesting D. a lot much interesting15. Would you like some wine? Yes, just.A. little B. very little C. a little D. little bit16. It takes a long time to go there by train； its by road.A. quick B. the quickest C. much quick D. quicker17. If there were no examinations, we should haveat school.A. the happiest time B. a more happier timeC. much happiest time D. a much happier time18. Im surprised that you should have been fooled by such a(an)trick.A. ordinary B. easy C. smart D. simple19. The salesman showed her several bags and she choseone as she didnt want to spend too much money on it.A. the less expensive B. less expensive C. the least expensive D. least expensive20. box cannot be lifted by a boy of five.A. So a heavy B. So heavy a C. A such heavy D. Such heavy a21. If the manager had to choose between the two, he would say John was choice.A. good B. the best C. better D. the better22. It waslate to catch a bus after the party, there fore we called a taxi.A. too very B.much too C. too much D. far23. Greenland, island in the world, covers even two million square kilometers.A. it is the largest B. that is the largest C. is the largest D. the largest24. Mum, I think Im to get back to school. Not really, my dear. Youd better stay at home for another day or two.A. so well B. so good C. well enough D. good enough25. Dracula and Frankenstein arefilm characters.A. frighten B. frightened C. frightening D. frightenly26. When they heard the bad news, they all lookedat the master and felt quite.A. sad； sad B. sadly； sadly C. sad； sadly D. sadly； sad27. The storm kept meall through the night.A. awake B. awoke C. awaked D.awoken28. What do you think of the concert? Oh, it wassuccess.A. a very B. quite a C .so D. really29. Mybrother is two yearsthan I.A. older； older B. elder； older C. older； elder D. elder； elder30. I havent seenthis since I collected stamps.A. as old a stamp as B. so an old stamp as C. stamp as old as D. as an old stamp as二、提高练习1. To plant the tree, we must dig _. A. a three feet deep hole B. three-foot-deep a hole C. a hole three feet deep D. a three-feet-deep hole2. I think he is one of the best men youve _ found.A, never B. already C. ever D. once3. _ the boys grown! He is almost _ his father.A. What, as tall as B. What, taller than C. How, as tall as D. How, taller than4. I havent got _ nails to mend the cupboard. I need another three of them.A. enough big B. big enough C. much bigger D. many enough5. Henry knows little of physics _ of chemistry.A. as well as B. no less than C. and still more D. and still less6. The dish is delicious! Well, at least its _ the one I cooked yesterday.A. as bad as B. no worse than C. as well as D. no better than7. Do you think the weather is good enough for a picnic? Yes. You couldnt hope for _ at this time of the year.A. a nice day B. the nice day C. a nicer day D. the nicest day8. It makes Thomas no better, and it makes you _A. best B. good C. well D. worse9. With the help of the new equipment, our factories produced _ VCD players in 2000 as the year before.A. as many as twice B. twice more than C. as twice many D. twice as many10. I had invited 50 guests to the party, but actually twice _ came.A. more than B. as many C. as much D. less than11. Why didnt you go to the cinema last night? It was something _ interesting.A. far less B. more or less C. much more D. any further12. The population of many Alaskan cities has _ doubled in the past five years.A. larger than B. more than C. as greatly as D. as much as13. This is a good place for a picnic. Yes, it couldnt be _ .A. better B. best C. worst D. worse14. How do you like your teacher of English? Well, no one teaches _ here.A. well B. poorly C. best D. better15. In the poor parts of Americas big cities there is a lot of crime, _ .A. and much of it is serious B. much of it is seriousC. and many more is serious D. more of it is serious16. Do you like cats? Of course. They are _ a kind of pet. They can do much good for their masters.A. better than B. more than C. no more than D. no better than17. The newly-built theatre is _ the old one.A. as twice big as B. twice more bigger than C. twice the size of D. twice so big as18. Im afraid that your conclusion is _ from correct.A. far B. free C. different D. short19. Thank you very much. Its _ of you.A. kindest B. a most kind C. the most kind D. most kind20. Whoever is never _ with the progress he has made will be a success.A. content B. proud C. praised D. enough21. My teacher has three brothers, all _ than he. George, _, is an officer.A. elder, the eldest B. old, the oldest C. elder, the old one D. older, the eldest22. You shouldnt be too _ about things you are not supposed to know.A. strange B. amusing C. curious D. conscious23. The new research team was led by the _ engineer.A. main B. major C. chief D. primary24. These T-shirts are usually $ 35 each but today they have a _ price of $19 in the shopping centre.A. regular B. special C. cheap D. particular25. It is a good way for us to memorize new words by seeing them_.A. properly B. repeatedly C. clearly D. usually26. Why did she spend so much time searching shop after shop for a blouse? Oh, she was very _ about her clothes,A. special