主谓一致(表格).doc

第一章 主谓一致 要点清单 情况说明例句and连接的并列成分作主语指两者时，谓语动词用单数John and Mike are good at playing football.约翰和迈克擅长踢足球。指同一个人、事物或概念时，谓语动词用单数。The writer and teacher is quite popular among the students.既是作家又是老师的他很受学生欢迎。不定代词或不定代词修饰的名词作主语Each,neither,either,one,other, another, much, little及复合不定代词等表示单数意义，作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。Neither of my parents likes to stay up.我父母都不喜欢熬夜。Somebody is knocking at the door.有人在敲门。Many,few, several, both等表示复数意义作主语时，谓语动词用复数。Both of us are fond of painting.我们两个都喜欢画画。Some,all, any等既可表示复数意义也可表示单数意义，作主语时，谓语动词依具体意义而定。All the managers in the company are present at the meeting.这个公司的所有经理都参加会议了。All the milk I bought yesterday has gone bad.我昨天买的牛奶全都变质了。不定式、动名词作主语谓语动词一般用单数，但and 连接的两个或多个不定式、动名词作主语时，谓语动词一般用复数。To say something is usually easier than to do something.说往往比做容易。Swimming in summer and skating in winter are my greatest pleasure.夏天游泳和冬天滑冰是我最大的乐趣。表示数量的短语作主语数量词修饰不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。Plenty of money has been saved t buy that car.为买那辆车已经存了很多钱。数量词修饰可数名词复数，谓语动词用复数。A lot of students in that school want to join the club.那所学校的很多学生都想加入这个俱乐部。a quantity of/ an amount of.作主语，谓语动词用复数。A large quantity of air-conditioners has been sold since the temperature is high.因为气温高，有大量空调售出。quantities of / amounts of .作主语时，谓语动词用复数。Quantities of clothes in this shop are in good quality.这家店里的很多衣服质量都很好。 情况说明例句表示时间、距离、度量、金额等复数形式的名词作主语常作为一个整体来看，谓语动词用单数。Five years is a long time to wait for an answer.为了等待一个答复，5年的时间是够长的。Twenty kilograms is too heavy for a child.20千克对于一个小孩来说太重了。主语后有with, together with, as well as, no less than, along with.等短语修饰。谓语动词不受这些短语的影响，仍然与主语保持一致。The old lady as well as her two daughters goes shopping every weekend.那位老妇人和她的两个女儿每个周末都去购物。Tom together with his classmates studies Japanese in Japan.汤姆和他同学都在日本学日语。“most/ the rest/ the majority/ 分数+of +名词”作主语谓语动词的单复数由of后面的名词决定。The rest of the students are playing football on the playground.其余的学生都在操场上踢足球。Most of the water here is not fit for drinking.这里大部分的水都不适合饮用。集体名词family, team, class作主语如果是作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式。The family is the tiniest cell of the society.家庭是社会最小的细胞。如果侧重其中的个体成员，谓语动词用复数形式。The whole team are all going to take part in the Asian Games.所有队员都将参加亚运会。集体名词people, police, cattle 作主语谓语动词总是用复数形式。The police are searching for the escaped criminal.警察正在搜捕逃犯。“one of+复数名词”作主语谓语动词常用单数。One of my close friends has been abroad for eight years.我的一个好朋友已在国外待了8年。“ a number of +复数名词”作主语谓语动词用复数。A number of workers have recently left the company.最近有很多人离开了公司。“the number of+复数名词”作主语谓语动词用单数。The number of members is still increasing.成员人数还在增加。 情况说明例句并列连词or,either.or., neither.nor., not only.but also.等连接的并列成分作主语谓语动词与最靠近的主语一致。Are you or he going to be in charge of the factory? 是你还是他将负责工厂的事务？Either you or your brother has to go there right now.要么你要么你弟弟得立刻去那里。Not only I but also he wants to go swimming in the river.不但我而且他也想去河里游泳。there be 句式中be 的单复数形势与最靠近的主语一致。There is an apple and some oranges on the table.There are some oranges and an apple on the table.关系代词在从句中作主语取决于先行词，当先行词为 “one of+复数名词”时，从句谓语动词用复数。This is one of the most interesting stories that are told by my grandpa.这是我爷爷讲过的最有趣的故事之一。先行词为 “the only/ very one of+复数名词”时，从句谓语动词用单数。She is the only one of the students who has failed the final test.她是唯一一个没有通过期末考试的学生。复数形式表示单数意义的名词作主语news, maths, physics, politics等形式上看似复数，意义上为单数，谓语动词用单数。Politics does not interest me.政治引不起我的兴趣。The United Nations plays an