高考英语二轮复习与增分策略 考前特训 题型组合练（十五）

题型组合练(十五).阅读理解A(2017山东实验中学诊断三)Can you believe that there used to be a consensus in society that opposed the writing of novels by authoresses？Clearly this restriction must have operated at a time when there was no equality of opportunity for women.Amazingly，it was a generally held view only 100 years ago in England.In a strange contradiction，this period produced a couple of most courageous and gifted authoresses.Here are three of them.Jane Austen (17751817)All the six completed novels of Jane Austen deal with the problems and limitations of womens choices.At her time，the only respectable “career” for a woman was to marry，so the dilemma of her heroines was also to marry but for love.Besides the content，the appeal of her works also lies in her refreshingly light and ironic style.Charlotte Bronte (18161855)Charlotte Brontes novels were revolutionary for the explicit way they described women struggling against their restricted roles in society.Her heroines are outspoken in expressing their feelings，while demonstrating honesty and conscience in their choices.Her novel，Jane Eyre，published under a mans name，was very successful when it came out.The book was a revelation after the more reserved feelings expressed in Jane Austens novels.George Eliot (18191880)Her novels examined the morally ambiguous concessions people make in their lives in order to succeed.In one of her books，Silas Marner，the hero discovers a little girl rejected by her own father.Her father did so for fear of losing his second wifes lovea mistake for which the couple both suffer.语篇解读本文向读者介绍了三位著名的女作家：简奥斯汀、夏洛蒂勃朗特与乔治艾略特的小说风格。1Why does the author describe the authoresses as “courageous”？AThey were honest in expressing their opinions.BThey broke the social restrictions on authoresses.CThere were few good men writers at their time.DThey fought against the law to publish their books.答案B解析细节理解题。根据文章首段第一、二句“Can you believe that there used to be a consensus in society that opposed the writing of novels by authoresses？Clearly this restriction must have operated at a time when there was no equality of opportunity for women.”可知，当时的社会是限制女性作家发展的，然而她们的出现体现出对社会偏见的反抗，因此作者认为她们是勇敢的。故选B项。2The appeal of Jane Austens books mainly lies in .Acharming heroines Brespectable careersCmoving love stories Dcontent and style答案D解析细节理解题。根据Jane Austen (17751817)部分最后一句“Besides the content，the appeal of her works also lies in her refreshingly light and ironic style.”可知，简奥斯汀的书不仅内容吸引人，而且风格独特。故选D项。3What can we learn about the book Silas Marner?AIt dealt with concessions people made.BIt was written by a man called George Eliot.CIts heroines are outspoken and honest.DIt describes women struggling for equal rights.答案A解析推理判断题。根据George Eliot (18191880)部分第一句“Her novels examined the morally ambiguous concessions people make in their lives in order to succeed.”可知，作者认为乔治艾略特写的小说主要是关于人们在生活中作出的让步，接着作者以织工马南传为例说明此观点。故选A项。B项错在a man；C、D两项是对夏洛蒂勃朗特小说的描述。B(2017东北三省四市教研联合体一模)Last week，Education Secretary Arne Duncan declared a war on paper textbooks.“Over the next few years，” he said in a speech at the National Press Club，“textbooks should be abandoned.” In their place would come a variety of digitallearning technologies，like ereaders and multimedia websites.Such technologies certainly have their place.But Secretary Duncan is threatening to light a fire to a triedandtrue technologygood old paperthat has been the foundation for one of the great educational systems on the planet.And while ereaders and multimedia may seem appealing，the idea of replacing an effective learning platform with a widely hyped(炒作) but still unproven one is extremely dangerous.An expert on reading，Maryanne Wolf，has recently begun studying the effects of digital reading on learning，and so far the results are mixed.She worries that Internet reading could be such a source of distractions(分散注意力) for the student that it may cancel out most other potential benefits of a Weblinked，elearning environment.And while its true that the hightech industry has sponsored large amounts of research on the potential benefits of Webbased learning，not enough time has passed for longitudinal(纵向的) studies to demonstrate the full effects.In addition，digitalreading supporters claim that lightweight ebooks benefit studentsbacks and save schools money.But the rolling backpack seems to have solved the weight problem，and the surprising costs to outfit every student with an ereader，provide technical support and pay for regular software updates promise to make the etextbook a very pricey choice.As both a teacher who uses paper textbooks and a student of urban history，I cant help but wonder what parallels exist between my own field and this sudden，wholesale abandonment of the technology of paper.4Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?AA triedandtrue technology is paper，long used in educational system.BDigital learning technologies will replace the paper textbooks sooner or later.CEreaders and multimedia websites are learning methods that are proved effective.DMultimedia websites and a good old paper are kinds of digitallearning technologies.答案A解析细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句“But Secretary Duncan is threatening to light a fire to a triedandtrue technologygood old paperthat has been the foundation for one of the great educational systems on the planet.”可知，课本是真实可靠的技术并且一直以来都是教育系统的基础。故选A项。5What is the drawback of textbooks according to the passage?AIts price. BIts weight.CIts content. DIts appearance.答案B解析推理判断题。根据文章第四段第一句“In addition，digitalreading supporters claim that lightweight ebooks benefit studentsbacks and save schools money.”可知，电子阅读的支持者们称，重量轻的电子书对学生的后背有益而且还可以为学校省钱，这从侧面说明了纸质书也就是课本的缺点就是它的重量。故选B项。6What worries Maryanne Wolf most is that .Apaper learning can provide more potential benefitsBthe results of digital reading effects are understandableCstudents may not focus on learning by digital readingDdigital reading cant provide potential benefits for users答案C解析细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词Maryanne Wolf可以定位到文章第三段，由第三段第二句“She worries that Internet reading could be such a source of distractions(分散注意力) for the student that it may cancel out most other potential benefits of a Weblinked，elearning environment.”可知，她担心网络阅读可能会分散学生的注意力，以至于抵消了网络学习环境潜在的好处。故选C项。7What is the authors attitude toward digitallearning?ADisapproving. BSupportive.CPositive. DObjective.答案D解析观点态度题。通读全文可知，作者客观地阐述了数字化学习的好处和缺陷，并结合不同人的看法，从客观的角度进行分析。故选D项。C(2017甘肃兰州一中月考)The Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco，California is one of the worlds most beautiful bridges.It is also one of the most visited places in the world.Vehicles cross the bridge an average of 41 million times each year.More than 1,800 hundred million vehicles have used the bridge since it opened more than 70 years ago.The bridge was painted “International Orange” because that color went well with the natural surroundings.The color also is easier to see in the heavy fog that often covers the area.But the Golden Gate Bridge was not named for its orange color.It was named for the body of water that it crosses，the Golden Gate Strait.The Golden Gate Strait is the entrance to the San Francisco Bay from the Pacific Ocean.The Golden Gate Bridge links the city of San Francisco with Marin County，California.Planning for the bridge began in the 1920s when the area around San Francisco was growing.People living in the area needed another way to get to the city besides small ferries(渡船)Joseph Strauss was the chief engineer for the project.Work began in 1934.Mr Strauss demanded the strongest safety protections in the history of bridge building.These included the first use of “hard hats” to protect the workers heads and special glasses to protect their eyes.A special safety net was suspended(挂) under the bridge.This net saved the lives of 19 men during the construction.However,11 other workers were killed when they fell from the bridge through the net.Still，this was a new safety record for the time.The Golden Gate Bridge opened in 1937.It extends 1,280 meters across the water.The total length is 2,737 meters.It was the largest suspension bridge(吊桥) in the world until 1964.That is when the Verrazano Narrows Bridge opened in New York City.Today，the Golden Gate Bridge is the ninth longest suspension bridge in the world.8The Golden Gate Bridge was named after .Athe local climateBthe color of a paintCthe strait it crossesDits natural surroundings答案C解析细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“It was named for the body of water that it crosses，the Golden Gate Strait.”可知选C。9The purpose of suspending a special safety net is to .Aprotect the environmentBmake construction easierCprevent workers from fallingDsave building materials from falling答案C解析推理判断题。根据第五段第一、二句“A special safety net was suspended(挂) under the bridge.This net saved the lives of 19 men during the construction.”可知这网是为了防止工人们掉下来。故选C。10What do we know about Joseph Strauss?AHe attached importance to the workers safety.BHis safety measures were not of practical value.CHe built the first suspension bridge in the world.DHe demanded strong measures to ensure the safety of the bridge.答案A解析推理判断题。根据第四段和第五段第一、二句可知他重视工人的安全。故选A。11The passage is written to .Ainvite readers to San FranciscoBintroduce the Golden Gate BridgeCdescribe how the Golden Gate Bridge was builtDtell the story of an engineer called Joseph Strauss答案B解析写作意图题。纵观全文，可知本文主要讲述了金门大桥名称的来历以及它的建造，也就是向人们介绍金门大桥。故选B。D(2017吉林长春二模)Food production does great harm to our environment.There are many procedures involved in the manufacture of food that result in greenhouse gases and other pollutants.Some procedures require the consumption of large amounts of fossil fuels，such as the transportation and storage of food products.Other factors that cause great damage to our environment include the overuse of fresh water.The production of beef is more damaging to the environment than that of any other food we consume.Raising large numbers of cattle requires the production of large amounts of food for the animals.Its estimated that producing one pound of beef requires seven pounds of feed.Land use is also a problem.If the cattle are freerange cattle，large areas of land are required for them to live on.This has led to disastrous forest cutting and the loss of rare plants and animal species，particularly in tropical rain forests in Central and South America.Another problem specific to beef production is methane emissions(甲烷排放)Although many people are aware of the damaging effects of carbon dioxide，they dont realize methanes global warming potential is 25 times worse，making it a more dire problem.Unfortunately，beef consumption is growing rapidly.This is the result of simple supply and demand factors.Specifically，there are two main causes of demand that are encouraging the production of more supply.First，the increase in the world population means there are more people to consume meat.The second factor is socioeconomic advancement.As citizens in developing nations become financially stable，they can afford to buy more meat.Therefore，one way to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions is for people around the world to significantly cut down on the amount of beef they eat.语篇解读本文介绍了在牛肉的生产过程中，饲养牛需要消耗大量食物，占用大片土地，牛体内的食物消化又会产生大量的甲烷并会释放到大气中，从而危害环境，因此作者呼吁为了保护环境人们应减少牛肉的消耗。12Which of the following is TRUE?ARaising freerange cattle is ecofriendly.BPeople cut down trees for animal habitats.CProducing beef can damage the environment.DCarbon dioxide causes far more harm than methane.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“The production of beef is more damaging to the environment than that of any other food we consume.”可知，牛肉的生产过程会对环境造成破坏。故选C项。13The underlined word “dire” in Para.4 means “ ”A. urgent BcommonCtypical Davoidable答案A解析词义猜测题。根据第四段可知，在牛肉的生产过程中会产生大量的甲烷，而甲烷的危害远远大于二氧化碳，因此，这个问题更需要大家给予迫切的关注。由此可猜测，dire意为“极其严重的，危急的”。故选A项。14Beef production is growing rapidly because .Amore people are in demand of beefBdeveloping countries raise more cattleCmore land is available to raise cattleDthe cost of raising cattle is relatively low答案A解析推理判断题。根据第五段第二句“This is the result of simple supply and demand factors.”以及下文中分析的两个原因可知，牛肉消耗的增加是供求关系的结果。人口的增加以及发展中国家的收入增加，使得人们可以购买更多肉制品，从而导致牛肉消耗的增加。故选A项。15The author writes this article to .Adescribe the booming of the beef productionBemphasize the advantages of beef productionCcondemn the deforestation of the rain forestDargue for a decrease in beef consumption答案D解析写作意图题。作者分析了牛肉生产过程对环境的危害，在最后一段提出了自己的观点，呼吁人们减少对牛肉的消耗，从而保护环境。故选D项。.七选五(2017河北唐山一模)Everyone makes mistakes. 16 Making a mistake at work，however，can be more serious.It may cause problems for your employer and even affect the companys bottom line.Evil consequences will finally come down to you.Simply correcting your mistake and moving on may not be an option.When you make a mistake at work your career may depend on what you do next.Admit your mistake.Tell your boss about your mistake immediately.The only exception is that you make an insignificant error that will not affect anyone.Otherwise，dont try to hide your mistake. 17 Present your boss with a plan to fix your mistake.When you go to your bosss office to admit your mistake，you must have a plan for correcting it.Present your plan clearly.Tell your boss how long it will take to carry out your plan and if there