中考英语总复习专题五 形容词练习

形容词1、概念用来修饰名词或代词等表示人和事物的性质、特征的词叫形容词。例如：She is（be 动词） a （冠词）beautiful(形容词) girl（名词）.否定句：She isnt a beautiful girl.疑问句：Is she a beautiful girl?肯否回答：Yes, she is. / No, she isnt.汉意：她是一个漂亮的女孩Is （be 动词）there anything（不定代词） wrong（形容词）?肯定句：There is anything wrong.汉意：有什么问题吗？小贴士：形容词 wrong 修饰不定代词 anything 时，要放在不定代词的后面。2、形容词的分类、1.性质形容词这一类形容词能够直接表示事物的性征或特征，有级的变化，并且可以使用程度副词加以修饰。例如：cut 可爱的， small 小， tall 高， wonderful 奇妙的2.叙述形容词这一类形容词又叫表语形容词，没有级的变化，多数以 a 开头。由此，我们得出一个等式：叙述形容词 = 表语形容词例如：以 a 开头的叙述形容词：alone 孤单的，afraid 害怕的，alive 活着的，awake 醒着的不是以 a 开头的单词：worth 有.价值的3.其他形容词这类形容词只用来说明事物间的关系或事物的用途、时间、方位。这类形容词没有级的变化，也不能用程度副词修饰。例如（单词）：Chinese 中国的，eastern 东方的，different 不同的句子:I have been here for a long time.我在这儿好长时间了。4.名词作形容词使用一些表示物质和用途的名词可以用于修饰另一个名词而起到形容词的作用。例如：This is a stone table.复数句：These are some stone tables.汉意：这是一张石头桌子。We will have a class meeting at four oclock.汉意：我们四点将要召开一次班会。I go to school by school bus.汉意：我乘校车去上学。3、形容词的排列顺序有时名词前面的修饰语不止一个，它们往往有固定的排列顺序：数词+ 描绘词（大小、长短、形状、新旧、颜色）+ 出处+材料性质、类别+ 名词。例如：A small round table .一张小圆桌A tall gray building .一栋灰色高楼A dirty old brown shirt.一件又脏又旧的棕色衬衫A famous German medical school 一所著名德国医疗学校An expensive Japanese sports car.一辆昂贵的日本运动型汽车为什么要用 an 而不用 a 或 the？因为在“a/an+形容词+单数名词”的用法中，判断用 a 还是用 an 是看紧跟在后面的形容词首字母的发音，a 用在以辅音音素开头的单词前面，an 用在以元音音素开头的单词前面。例如：An eelephant 一头大象A sstrong elephant 一头强壮的大象四 形容词的比较级和最高级形容词等级的构成形式（）规则变化 单音节词和少数双音节词，加词尾-er, -est 来构成比较级和最高级。构成法 原级 比较级 最高级一般单音节词末尾加-er,-esttall(高的 )great(巨大的)tallergreatertallest greatest以不发音的 e 结尾的单并且时节和少数以le结尾的双音节词只加-r,-st.nice(好的 )large(大的)able(有能力的)nicerlargerablernicest largestablest以一个辅音字母结尾闭音节词，双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-er, -estbig(容易的)hot（热的）biggerhotterbiggest hottest“辅音字母y”结尾的双音节词，改 y 为 i，再加-er, -esteasy(容易的)busy 忙的 easierbusiereasiestbusiest少数以-er, -ow 结尾的双 clever(聪明的)narrow（窄的） cleverer cleverest音节末尾加-er, -est narrower narrowest其他双音节词和多音节词，在前面加 more, most 来构成比较级和最高级。原级 比较级 最高级important(重要的) more important most importantbeautiful(漂亮的 ) more beautiful most beautiful（）不规则变化原级 比较级 最高级good(好的 )well(健康的)better bestbad(坏的)ill(有病的)worse worstold（老的） olderelderoldesteldestmany much（多的）more mostlittle(少的) less leastfar(远的) fartherfurtherfarthestfurthest2.形容词比较级的用法（）形容词的比较级是用来把彼此独立的事和人进行比较，表示“比。 。 。更。一些”的意思，通常用一个由从属连词 than 引导的状语从句来表示和什么相比，为了避免重复，从句中有些成分可以省略。Tom is taller than I. 汤姆个子比我高。Shanghai is larger than any other city in China.上海比中国其他任何城市都大。Xiao Hu is more outgoing than her sister.小胡比她的姐姐的更开朗。注意：有时状语从句可以省略。If the hurricane had happened during the day-time, there would have been more deaths.如果飓风发生在白天，死亡人数会更多。（）有时比较级前可以用 many, much, far, even, a little, still, yet ,a bit ,a lot ,completely 等表示程度的状语。An even bigger earthquake will hit the area around San Francisco.旧金山周围地区还会发生更大的地震It is a far ,far better thing that I do, than I have ever done; It is a far ,far better rest that I go to than I have ever know.我所做的，是我做过的最好、最最好的事情；我所得到的，是我所知道的最安详、最最安详的休息。If the peasants could farm the land themselves, food production would be much higher.如果农民能为自己种地，粮食产量就会高得多。It is much cheaper to post or email a long report than to fax it.通过邮寄或电子函件的方式 发一个长篇的报告比用传真便宜得多.注:many more 与 much moremany more 只能修饰可数名词复数形式 ,如 many more workers 还有很多工人 1much more 既可修饰不可数名词 ,也可构成比较级.如:much more money 还有很 2多,much more important 更重要(3)如果我们要说两个东西在某一方面是一样的,我们就可以用”as+形容词+as”结构,形容词不用比较级而用原级.This lamp made the room as light as day.这盏灯使这间房间明亮如白昼.Jimmy is a as tall as his father吉米跟他爸爸一样高.(4)在作否定的比较时,可以用 not as.as.也可用 no soas等,在现代英语中,两者都可使用.She is not as/so nice as her sister.她不如她姐姐好.My handwriting is not as / so good as his.我的书法不如他好.在这一结构中,有时也可以用 just , almost ,nearly, half 等表示程序的状语.The room is twice as large as that one.这个房间是那个房间的两倍大.Our classroom is three times larger than yours.我们的教室比你们的教室大 3 倍.注:”asas” 结构和”the sameas”结构一样.In area Australia is about the same size as the3 USA(without Alaska),which has more than thirteen times as many people.从面积上讲,澳大利亚大体上相当于美国(阿拉斯加除外),而美国的人口却是澳大利亚的 13 倍还多。（5）形容词比较级的特殊情况“too+原级 ”和“原级 +for 短语”也可以表示比较级。 1The coat is a bit too small for me.这件上衣太小了，我穿不合适。He is brave for his age.就他那样的年龄来说，他是勇敢的。用 superior, inferior, senior, junior, prior, major, minor 等表示比较级。 2He is three years senior to me.他比我大三岁。This computer is superior in many respects to that 。这台计算机在很多方面比那台要好。英语里的比较级有时并无具体的比较含义，这种比较级叫绝对比较级，例如： 3younger generation 年轻一代higher education 高等教育senior citizens 老年人superior quality 优质形容词（或副词）比较级的其他固定用法： 4a.表示“两者人 /物之间，比较。 。 。的” ，用“the+比较级，the+ 比较级+n.+of+the+名词或代词 ”结构。Bob is the taller boy of the two boys.鲍勃是两个男孩中较高的一个。She is the older of the two girls.她是这两个女孩中年龄较大的一个。b.不与其他事物相比，表示本身程序的改变，用“比较级+and+比较级”结构，译为“越来越.”The weather is getting warmer and warmer.天气越来越暖和。Our country is becoming more and more beautiful.我国变得越来越美丽。c.表示一方随另一方程度变化时，用“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构The more you eat , the fatter you will be.胸越吃就会越胖。The more you study, the more you know.你学得越多，懂得越多。3。形容词最高级的用法（1）形容词最高级的前面通常要加定冠词 the,后面跟一个短语或从句来表示比较的范围，但在一定的上下文中，表示“比较范围”的短语或从句可以省略。The best job is one which uses your skill in doing something together with your interest in the subject.最好的工作是这样的，它既运用你的做某事的技能，又是你兴趣之所在。（2）有时形容词最高级前可以有序数词心脏 much ,by far, nearly, by no means, almost 等。Canada is the second largest country in the world.加拿大是世界上第二个最大的国家。This is about the earliest computer ever manufactured in China.这大概是中国制造的是早的计算机了。Shanghai is by far the largest industrial city in China.上海是中国最大的工业城市。（3）在做表语的形容词最高级前，如果不是和别的人（物、事）相比较，可以不加定冠词。Fruits are best when they are fresh.水果新鲜的时候最好。The air pollution was most serious in this area.这个地区的空气污染最严重。（4）有时最高级形式后面可以不跟名词。Today, Abraham Lincoln is considered as one of the greatest of all American presidents.今天，亚伯拉罕。林肯仍然被认为是美国历届总统中最伟大的总统之实战演练1. This box is_ that one. A. heavy than B. so heavy than C. heavier as D.as heavy as 2. When we speak to people, we should be .A. as polite as possible B. as polite as possibly C. as politely as possible D. as politely as possibly 3. This book is_ that one, but_ than that one.A. as difficult as; expensive B. as more difficult as; more expensiveC. as difficult as; more expensive D. more difficult as; as expensive 4. I think the story is not so _ as that one.A. interesting B. interested C. more interesting D. most interesting 5. I think science is _ than Japanese. A. much important B. important C. much more important D. more much important6. This pencil is_ than that one. A. longest B. long C. longer D. as long 7. My mother is no _ young. A. shorter B. longer C. little D. few 8. These children are _ this year than they were last year.A. more tall B. more taller C. very taller D. much taller9. Mrs Black has got_ instead of getting any better.A、more bad B. a little worse C. much badly D. a lot of worse10. When we arrived, we found the meeting room crowded with_ students.A. quite a few B. only a few C. few D. a few quite 11. The house is small for a family of six.A. much too B. too much C. very much D.so 12. Through the window we can see nothing but _ buildings.A. tall very many B. very many tall C. very tall many D. many very tall 13. -Whats your brother like? -He is_.A. a driver B. very tall C. my friend D. at school 14. The jacket was so_ that he decided to buy it. A. much B. little C. expensive D. cheapl 15. Our classroom is_ larger than theirs.A. more B. quite C. very D. much16. The earth is about_ as the moon.A.as fifty time big B.fifty times as big C. as big fifty times D. fifty as times big17. Your room is mine.A.twice as large than B. twice the size of C.bigger twice than D.as twice large as18. Your room is _ than mine.A. three time big B. three times big C. three times bigger D. bigger three times19. His father is_than his mother. ;A. older four years B. as four years older C. four years older D. bigger four years20. Maths is more popular than_.A. any other subject B. all the subjects C. any subject D. other subject21. China is larger than _ in Africa.A. any other country B. other countries C. the other country D. any country22. Tom is stronger than _ in his class.A. any other boy B. any boys C. any boy D. other boy23. When spring comes, it gets_.A. warm and warm B. colder and colder C. warmer and warmer D. shorter and shorter24. By and by, _ students in our class came to like English. A. more and more B. much and much C. many and many D. less and least25. At last he began to cry _.A. hard and hard B. more hard and more hard C. harder and harder D. less hard and less harder26. When spring comes the days get _ and nights _.A. short; long B. long; short C. longer; shorter D. shorter; longer27. _ I look at the picture, _ I like it.A. The best; the more B. The more; the less C. The more; less D. More; the more 28. _ he read the book, _ he got in it. A. The more; the more interesting B. The less; the more interesting C. The more; the more interested D. More; more interested 29. _ you come back, _ it will be.A.The quicker; the best B. The sooner; the betterC. Faster; the better D. The sooner; better30 . I like_ one of the two books.A. the older B. oldest C. the oldest D. older31. Which is