模块化数据中心定制产品研究---以A公司为例

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No text of specified style in document.1摘 要随着市场需求侧和供给侧的发展，数据中心作为信息领域的应用根基，为客户企业提供了后台运行环境和数据支持，促使人们对数据中心的需求越来越大。为了满足客户日益增长的对于数据中心的个性化需求，供给侧采用了模块化的生产方式。提前进行市场预测客户的需求，根据客户的需求去生产众多不同的模块，这些模块可以被任意组合，并选择出最适合的组合。这种批量的采购、运输、生产的方式虽然在一定程度上减少了生产的成本，但是由于对于市场的不精准预测可能导致产品没有买方市场而积压在厂房，增加了库存成本和废料率。本文的研究中融入了供应链的理论，结合了差异延迟策略提出了模块化数据中心定制的新流程。在企业预测之前需要收集供应商和客户两方的信息，这样可以更好的选择生产周期短和成本低的供应商。其次，在划分模块时分为通用模块和专用模块，对于普遍性需求生产通用模块而对于特殊需求生产专用模块。各个模块组合对应的供应商不同导致生产周期不同，总成本也不同，由此分离点的位置更加靠近客户。根据相关学者研究发现客户的满意度是业务发展，销售收入提高的关键。本文融入了基于差异延迟策略的供应链理论，通过模块化数据中心的定制将分离点移向客户，权衡企业的实际情况后更好的满足客户的需求。模块化数据中心的定制方式更高效率的满足了客户对于生产周期的相关需求，并且可以降低企业的部分成本从而满足客户对于价格最为敏感的需求。因此对模块化数据中心进行产品模块化层面的分析与研究，结合供应链思想与延迟生产策略对模块化数据中心定模块化数据中心定制产品研究2制业务进行进一步的优化与革新，必将会大大推动数据中心相关行业及公司的未来发展与进步。目前我国许多数据中心建设企业对此的认识尚不够深刻，国内学者针对模块化数据中心产品技术研发的研究不少，而专门针对模块化数据中心定制产品的优化研究则不多。因此，本论文对模块化数据中心定制产品进行了一些系统的研究，选取金石易服（北京）科技有限公司为案例对象，对我国模块化数据中心建设企业的发展尽一点绵薄之力，这也是本论文的出发点和着眼点。全文在介绍相关概念理论的基础上，从外部环境、产业链和市场需求三方面对模块化数据中心对发展现状进行分析。采用问卷调查和访谈的方法研究金石易服（北京）科技有限公司在模块化数据中心产品定制方面的基本情况，寻找该公司客户敏感性最高的因素。结合实际情况分析该问题存在的根本原因，最后针对上文中一系列的研究，结合相应的理论提出对模块化产品定制业务的优化流程，结合该企业实际情况提出相应的建议和意见，制定相应的解决策略。笔者通过问卷调查和相关理论的研究认为该公司应将顾客分离点向客户推进并提出了推进的优化建议。关键词：模块化数据中心；产品定制化；供应链；延迟策略Error! No text of specified style in document.1RESEARCH ON CUSTOMIZED MODULAR DATACENTERABSTRACTWith the development of the market demand side and the supply side, the data center, as the application base of information field, provides background running environment and data support for the customer enterprises, so that the demand for data center is growing. In order to meet the growing personalized demand of the customer for the data center, the supply side adopts the modular production methods. Specifically, conduct a market forecast of the customers demand in advance, produce many different modules according to the customers demand, optionally combine the modules, and select the most suitable combination. The batch-oriented mode of procurement, transport and production can reduce the production cost to some extent, but the inaccurate forecast for the market may lead to product backlog in the plant without buyers market, thus increasing inventory cost and wastage rate. In this paper, a new procedure customized by the modular data center is proposed with the integration of the theories of supply chain and the combination with the differential postponement strategy. Before conducting the forecast, the enterprise is required to collect the information about the supplier and the customer in order to select a 模块化数据中心定制产品研究2better supplier with shorter production cycle and lower cost. Secondly, the modules are divided into common and special modules. Common module is produced for universal demand, and special module for special demand. The module combination applies to the different suppliers, and the production cycle and the total cost are different accordingly, thus the position of the separation point is closer to the customer.The researches of the relevant scholars show that the customer satisfaction is the key to develop the business and improve the sales revenue. This paper integrates the supply chain theories based on differential postponement strategy, drives the separation point to the customer through the customization of the data center, and weighs the actual situation of the enterprise to meet the customers demand better. The customization of modular data center can meet the customers demand for the production cycle more efficient, and can reduce the part of the cost of the enterprise to meet the most sensitive demand of the customer for the price. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze and research the product modularization of the modular data center and to further optimize and renovate the customized business of the modular data center in combination with the supply chain theories and the delayed production strategy. It will greatly promote the future development and progress of the relevant industries and companies of the data center. At present, many data center construction enterprises in China have only little knowledge about it. Error! No text of specified style in document.3Domestic scholars have made many researches on the development of product technologies of the modular data center, but only made a few researches on the optimization of customized products of the modular data center. Therefore, this paper has made some systematic research on the customized product of the modular data center and taken EZSVS as a case to play a small part in the development of the enterprises to build the modular data center in China, which is the starting point and focus of this paper.On the basis of introducing the relevant concept theory, this paper analyzes the development status of the modular data center from the external environment, the industrial chain and the market demand. The questionnaire survey and interview are adopted to study the basic conditions of EZSVS on the product customization of the modular data center, look for the most sensitive factors of the companys customers, and analyze the root causes of the problem in combination with the actual situation. Finally, according to the above series of research and the corresponding theories, optimal procedure is proposed for the business of modular product customization, and the appropriate recommendations and suggestions are put forward according the actual conditions of the enterprise to develop the relevant solving strategies. Through the questionnaire survey and the related theoretical research, the author thinks that the company should promote the customer separation point to the 模块化数据中心定制产品研究4customer and put forward the optimization proposals for the promotion.KEY WORDS: Modular Datacenter; Product Customization; Supply Chain; Postponement StrategyError! No text of specified style in document.1目 录绪 论 .1一、研究背景 .1二、研究意义 .3三、研究思路及方法 .3（一）研究思路 .3（二）研究方法 .4四、创新之处 .5五、技术路线 .6第一章 核心概念与有关理论阐述 .7一、概念界定 .7（一）产品模块化 .7（二）数据中心 .7二、文献综述 .8（一）模块化的产生 .8（二）模块化数据中心的特点 .8（三）研究现状 .9三、相关理论基础 .10（一）面向供应链的产品模块化 .10模块化数据中心定制产品研究2（二）基于延迟策略的产品模块化 .11（三）基于延迟策略的供应链模型 .12第二章 模块化数据中心产品定制的行业现状研究 .13一、行业背景 .13二、外部环境分析 .13（一）政治环境分析 .14（二）经济环境分析 .14（三）社会环境分析 .15（四）技术环境分析 .15三、产业链分析 .16（一）上游行业分析 .16（二）下游行业分析 .17四、市场需求分析 .17（一）电信运营商、第三方服务商的“鼎力相助” .18（二）金融行业、政府机构灾备数据中心建设进程明显提升 .19（三）云计算、大数据发展的加速推动 .19第三章 金石易服