外文翻译--现代机械设计方案.doc

英文原文THEPROGRAMMESOFMODERNMECHANICALDESIGNThemechanicaldesignofproductsthatisnotpurelymathematicalcalculationsusingthemethods,alsodifficulttousemathematicalmodelstodescribethecomplete,andmustbeinaccordancewithproductfeaturesFormaldescriptionhelpdesignexpertknowledgeandexperienceforreasoninganddecision-making.Thus,forthepurposeofcomputer-aideddesignproducts,theneedtoaddresstheuseofcomputerstorageandproductdesignknowledgeanddesignexperts,andotherpartiestothedecision-makingproblem,Theresultingproductcharacteristicsofknowledge-baseddesignmethods.Atpresent,theintelligentdesignmethodistouse3Dgraphicssoftwareandvirtualrealitytechnologyindesign,visualizationbetter,Userscandevelopearlyinacertaindegreeofdirectparticipationinthedesign,butsystemicpoor,andpartsofthestructure,shape,Size,locationtodeterminethereasonable,demandsoftwarewithhighdegreeofintelligence,orhaveextensiveexperienceinthedesigners.2,themodulardesignstructureFromtheperspectiveofplanningproducts:definitionofdesigntaskstothefunctionalstructure-basedproducts,Theproducthasbeenusedsolutions(suchascommonpartsandcomponents,etc.)todescribethedesigntask,Thatthedecompositionoftasksoneachtasktoconsiderwhethertherearecorrespondingtotheproductsolution,sothatintheproductplanningstagedesigntaskstoeliminatepotentialconflicts,earlyproductionforecasts,costs,andthedevelopmentofthedesignprocessofadjustment,whichcanimprovedesignefficiencyandreliability,whilealsoreducingthecostofnewproduct.Feldmannwilldescribethedesignofthefunctionoftheproductmixisdividedintofourtiers,(1)Product(2)functionalcomponents(3)majorfunctionalcomponents(4)functionalcomponents.Andusingapplication-orientedfeaturesofthedirectorystructure,thefunctionalcomponentsformorespecificqualitativeandquantitativedescription.MeanwhiledevelopedproductssuitedtothedevelopmentofanearlydesignstageandtheuseofthesoftwaretoolsSTRAT.Thatthemajorityofmachineryspecializedfunctionscanbeusedexistingproductsolutions,andwiththenewsolutionisonlyasmallnumberofspecialfeatures,Therefore,theexclusiveuseofmechanicaldesignfunctionsoftheproductmix,machineryspecializedfortheevaluationofthedesign,manufacturingrisksareveryfavorable.Promotionoftheproductfunctiononthebasisoftheanalysis,willbedividedintoproductswithaparticularfunctioninoneorseveralofthebasicmodularstructure,throughoptionsandcombinationsofthesebasicmodularstructureformedintodifferentproducts.Thesebasicstructurescanbeparts,components,orevenasystem.Idealmodularstructureshouldhaveastandardizedinterface(Departmentofconnectivityandtie),andisserialized,andgeneralized,integrated,hierarchical,flexible,economy,interchangeabilityis,compatibilityandrelevance.ChinascombinationofsoftwarecomponenttechnologyandCADtechnology,designanddeformationofcompositedesigncombinedaccordingtotheclassificationmodulartheory,machineprocessingcenterwillbedividedintosmallandproductlevel,componentlevel,componentlevelandcomponentlevel,andtheuseofexpertknowledgeandtechnologytotheirCADportfoliointodifferentvarieties,thefunctionalmodulespecifications,bythecombinationofthesefunctionalmodulesintodifferentprocessingcenteroverallprogram.Thedesignforthedirectoryasachoicevariationmechanicalstructuretools,designelementsforthesolutionofintegrity,StructureoftheorganizationformedSolutionSetdesigncatalog.AndthesolutionsetdesigndirectorylistedacommentoneachofAdditionalInformationSolutions,isveryconducivetothesolutiondesignengineerstochooseelements.Accordingtothemechanicalpartsconnectivityfeatures,begroupedintofourtypes:1)directinter-positioningcomponents,andself-adjustmentofcomponents；2)structurecommontotheassembly；3)havinganestedstructureandnestedcomponentsconnectivity；4)modularstructurewithmodularcomponentsandconnectivity.Andthepotentialuseofsymbolssaidtypicalcomponentsandtheconnectingelementrules,Thisrealizationoftheconnectionbetweenthecomponentsofthealgorithmandtheconceptofvisualization.Mechanicalsystemsduringthedesign,"thefunctionalestablishmentofa"moduletofunctiondecomposition,andafunctionaldecompositionofthebest"pills"withthedegreeoffunctionalinstitutionstypecorrespondence."Structureestablishmentofa"module,asafunctionalsolutionofchoiceinordertoachievemappingalgorithm.2,thecharacteristicsofknowledge-basedProductdesignknowledge-basedproductdesigncharacteristicsofthemainfeatures:usingcomputerstoidentifythelanguagetodescribethecharacteristicsoftheproductanditsdesignexpertsinthefieldofknowledgeandexperience,correspondinginferenceengineandknowledgebase,ReusestoreddomainknowledgeandreasoningmechanismestablishedbytheComputerAidedDesignprogram.Mechanicalsystemsdesignismainlybasedontheproductswiththecharacteristicsandthedesignofexpertsinthefieldofknowledgeandexperienceinpolicy-makingandimplementationcapacity,completingthetype,consolidated.Toachievethisstageofthecomputer-aideddesign,researchmustautomaticacquisitionofknowledge,expression,integration,coordination,managementanduse.Tothisend,scholarsathomeandabroaddesignmechanicalsystemsdesignknowledgeofautomatedprocessingdonealotofresearchwork,Themethodcanbesummarizedinthefollowingseveral.2.1codingmethodUnderthe"conversioncampaign"functions(functions)toorganizationsclassified,andtheuseofcodestodescribefunctionalyuanandtheinstitutionalcategory,whichestablishedthe"SystemDesignExpertSystem"knowledgebase.Onthisbasis,binarylogicandfuzzytheorycombinedtheestablishmentofthe"expertsystems"ofthereasoningmechanism,andworkspacesforfourSpecialMachineDesignprogram.Useofthetheoryofbiologicalevolutionthroughnaturalselectionandsexualreproductiontotheevolutionoforganismsprinciple,Attheinstitutionaldesign,theuseofnetworktheorytomapthestructureofexpressiontopologymap,andthroughthecodingtechnologyputthestructureandpropertiesofindividualchromosomeintoabinarystringofafew,andpreparedinaccordancewiththedesignrequirementsfitness,useofthetheoryofbiologicalevolutioncontrolreproductivemechanism,throughselection,crossover,suddenvariations,andothermeansadapttothelowvalueoutunsuitableindividuals,arapidevolutionaryprocessistheoptimaladaptiveindividual,thatisthebestdesignrequirementsofagencyprograms.2.2knowledgemixedexpressionsComplexmechanicalsystemsdesign,adoptionofhybridknowledgeexpressiontodescribethedesignofalltypesofknowledgeisparticularlywell-suited,Thishasbeenourdesignmanyscholarsconsensus.InthedevelopmentofcomplexproductdesignintelligentdecisionsupportsystemDMDSS,totherules,frameworks,processandneuralnetworkmethodsofknowledgerepresentationandcombinedwiththedesigntosuitdifferenttypesofknowledgedescribed.Ofasinglevarietyofmethodsofknowledgerepresentation(rules,theframeworkandprocess),accordingtotheobject-orientedprogrammingprinciples.withtheframeworkoftheslotssaidtheattributewiththerulessaidthedynamiccharacteristicsofobjectsusingaprocessthatknowledge,Amixedcompositionoftheknowledgeexpressionpatterns,andsuccessfullydevelopedthe"object-orientedNCmillingmachinegearboxdesignGBCDISintelligentsystem"and"changeSpeedboxstructuredesignexpertsystemGBSDES."2.3theuseofknowledge-baseddevelopmenttoolsCouplingintheCADsystem,theuseofknowledge-baseddevelopmenttoolsNEXPERT-DCOM.usingtheobject-orientedmethods,thecreationofobject-orienteddatabasedesign,Couplingofdesignersforthedesignandstructuraldesignprovidesabroadandreliabledesignspectrum.NEXPERTisusingthelinearguidedescribesthedesignneedstobebasedonknowledgeofthedesign,Thisseekingoutofknowledge-basedsolutions,anddeveloplinearguidewaydesignexpertsystem.2.4DesignofContentsConstructionof"modules","functionalelementsolution"and"body"threeprogressivedesigndirectory,ThiswillbethreeprogressivedesigndirectoryasamechanicaltransmissionprogramsIntelligentDesignTheoryofKnowledgeBasesystemdesignanddevelopmentsupporttools.2.5BasedontheexampleofthemethodInthedevelopmentofexpertsystem-baseddesignoftheknowledgebase,usingthebasicdescriptionofthepredicatedesignrequirements,conditionsanddesignoftheselectedprogram,framestructuredescribed"engineeringpractice"andvarious"conceptentity,"throughcase-basedreasoningtechnologytogeneratecandidatesolutionstotheallocationaspirinproductsdesignrequirements.3,IntelligentDesignIntelligentDesignisthemainfeatures:designtheory,using3Dgraphicssoftware,Intelligentdesignsoftwareandvirtualrealitytechnology,andmultimedia,hypermediatoolsforproductdevelopmentdesign,Expressionproductideas,describingthestructureofproducts.Intheuseofmathematicaltheoryatthesametime,inconsiderationofthetheoryofsystemsengineering,productdesigntechnologyandsystemsdevelopmentmethodologiesVDI2221.developedforproductdesignintheearlydevelopmentofthemultimediasystemsoftwareMUSE.Automatictellermachinesduringthedesign,theentireproductdevelopmentprocessas"productplanning""development"and"productionplanning"stagethree,andfulluseofexistingCADcutting-edgetechnologies-virtualrealitytechnology.1)ProductPlanning-conceptproducts.Itstaskistodeterminetheexternalproductcharacteristics,suchascolor,shape,surfacequality,ergonomics,etc.,andtheideaofusingtheinitialthree-dimensionalCADmodelshowsthattheestablishmentofproductstoreflecttheshapeofasimplemodel,Themodelcanestablishvirtualenvironment,usingdatacapand3Dmouse,Usersalsotosomeextentinvolvedintheenvironment,andcanquicklygeneratedifferentshapesandcolors.Detectionisathree-dimensionalmodeloftheeffectoftheexternalshape,aswellasadesignvariablegeometryshowsthatthebasisforthesametimetheprocessofdevelopingvarioustypesofanalysis.2)development-designproducts.Accordingtothemainstage,"SynthesisSystem"principle,athree-dimensionalmodeloftheconfigurationandintegrationsolutionelements,Solutionsbasedonthedesignelementsofthedifferentgoalshavedifferentmeanings:itisthebasicelements,suchasbolts,orwheelshaftconnected；itcanalsobeacompositeelements,suchasmechanical,electricalandelectroniccomponents,controltechnologyorsoftwarecomponentsofthedrivesystem；Itmayalsoberequested,character,shape,andsoon.Toachievefunctionalsolutionofthekeyelementsofthethree-dimensionaldistributionmodel,willbetheconfigurationofproducts(designmodelsolutiontotherelationsbetweenelements),ProductConfigurationanalysisisintegrated"productplanning"and"development"animportantmeansoftheresults.3)productionplanning-processingandassemblingproducts.Atthisstage,mainlydiscussestheassemblyprocessofCADtechnology,proposedusingcomputerimagedisplaysolutionelementsinthecorrespondinglocationoftheassemblyprocess.throughvirtualassemblymodelrevealsfashionandtherelationshipbetweentheassembly,whichfounddifficultiesandproblems,andfindawaytosolveproblems,andthattechnologywillbeintegratedCADproductdevelopmentforthethreestages,thedesignprocesscanbeintegratedwiththeanalysisofthe"productplanning","development"and"productionplanning"tothealternatingrow.Therefore,itcanbefoundinalltheearlierstagesoftheproblemsthatexistsothattheirproductsinthedevelopmentprocessofcontinuallyrefinedandimproved.Chinasuseofvirtualrealitytechnologyisstillinthedesignphasehasjustbegun.Theuseofobject-orientedtechnology,focusonthechronologyoftheagenciessynthesispackagedesignexpertsystem,andwiththehelpofhigh-performancegraphicsandtheabilitytohandletheexchangeofOpenGLtechnology,in3Denvironmentfromallanglesrightexpertsystemdesignprogramforobservation,Ifinter-agencycampaignconvergencepositionofconflict,andsoon.Constructionofthestandardmodules,overallproductstructureanditsmanufacturingprocessandusethedesign(seeFigure1)asrapidprototypingtechnology.Recommendedintheproductdevelopmentprocesswillberapidprototypingtechnology,multimediatechnologyandvirtualexpressionandneuralnetworks(usedinvariousstagesoftheprocessrequiredfortheoccasion)combinedapplication.Withthatcomputersoftwareandhardwaretokeeponimproving.willbepossibletomultimediagraphicsprocessingtechnologyforproductdevelopment,Forexample,3Dgraphics(3Dmodel)toreplaceassembly,demolitionanddesignConnectorwhenthethree-dimensionalstructureoftheimagination,andsoon.IntelligentCADsystemSIGRAPH-DESIGNasadevelopmentplatformproductdevelopmentprocessisdividedintoconceptualdesign,assemblydesignandcomponentsdesignanddesignvariablestotechnologyasthefoundation,acamlinkageOffsetconceptualmodel.Fromtheliteratureontheresearchwork,theconceptofthemodelistodeterminethetypeofinstitutions,anumberofconsolidatedbasis,usingsoftwareSIGRAPH-DESIGNdesignvariablesforthefunction,Withthediagramsothatthestructureandchangeparameters,andtheconceptofmodelparameterspassedtotheassemblyunderonemodel,partsdesign.Networktechnologytoflourish,CollaborativeDesignandManufacturing,andtheusersofproductsfromthefunctionalrequirementsDesignprocessingfinishedassemblingtheparallelprojectofthepossible.However,toachievetheseobjectivesbyoneoftheimportantprerequisitesforthatproductdesigneffectof3-Dvisualization.Tothisend,3Dgraphicssoftware,intelligentdesignsoftwareusedinmoreandmoreproductstothedesign,Virtualrealitytechnologyandmultimedia,hypermediatoolisthedesignofproductsbegantobearfruit.Currently,Germanyandotherdevelopedcountriesarefocusedonresearch-mediatechnology,productdataexchangestandardsSTEP,andthestandardVirtualRealityModelingLanguageVRML(VirtualInternetplatformenvironmentbasedonthestandardexchangeformat)Productdesignapplications.MechanicalProductsprogramsaremovingtowardscomputer-aideddesigntoachieve,IntelligentDesignCollaborativeandmeettheneedsofdesignandmanufacturingdirection.productdesigncomputermethodofalatestart,buttherewerenomature,toachievetheaboveobjectivesoftheprogramdesignsoftwaretools.Thewriterbelievesthattheintegrateduseoffourtypesoftextisdesignedtoachievethisobjectiveeffectiveway.Althoughthesemethodsareintegrateduseofthefieldmore,notonlywiththemechanicaldesignofthedomainknowledge,butalsotothetheoryofsystemsengineering,artificialintelligence,computerhardwareandsoftwareengineering,Networktechnologyandotherfieldsofknowledge,itisstillnecessaryproductdesignefforts.Abroadinresearchinthisareahasachievedinitialsuccess.Mydesign