大功率涡轮增压器结构设计说明书[带图纸].doc

中文题目：涡轮增压器结构设计摘要涡轮增压器能在发动机排量不变的情况下，提高其动力性能，降低尾气排放，最初主要用于柴油发动机。最近，汽油发动机也越来越多地安装了涡轮增压器。Turbo，即涡轮增压，简称T，最早时候由瑞典的萨博（SAAB）汽车公司应用于汽车领域。现在很多人都知道了，涡轮增压简称TURBO，如果在轿车尾部看到TURBO或者T，即表明该车采用的发动机是涡轮增压发动机。这些汽车的发动机工作，是靠燃料在发动机气缸内燃烧作功，从而对外输出功率。在发动机排量一定的情况下，若想提高发动机的输出功率，最有效的方法就是多提供燃料燃烧。然而，向气缸内多提供燃料容易做到，但要提供足够量的空气以支持燃料完全燃烧，靠传统的发动机进气系统是很难完成的。关键字：涡轮增压；气缸内燃烧；燃料www.88doc88.comAbstractTurbochargerscanimproveenginespowerperformanceandreduceexhaustemissionswithoutchangingtheircapacity.Theyweremainlyusedindieselenginesfirstly.Turbo,namelytheturbocharging,iscalledT,mostearlytime(SAAB)theCarcompanyappliesbySwedensSabointheautomobiledomain.Manypeoplehaveknownnow,theturbochargingiscalledTURBO,ifsawinthepassengervehiclerearpartTURBOorT,namelyindicatedthisvehicleusestheengineistheturbochargingengine.Theseautomobilesenginework,ismakesthemeritdependingonthefuelintheenginecylinderinternalcombustion,thusforeignoutput.Inenginecapacitycertainsituation,ifwantstoraiseenginesoutput,themosteffectivemethodprovidesthefuelburningmuch.However,providesthefueltotheaircylinderineasilytodo,butmustprovidetheenoughquantitytheairtosupportthefueltoburncompletely,isverydifficulttocompletedependingonthetraditionalengineairintakesystem.Keywords:Turbo；Aircylinderinternalcombustion；Fuel目录1.涡轮增压概述·············································································11.1涡轮增压器的背景·····································································11.2涡轮增压器产业的技术发展·························································21.3涡轮增压器原理········································································32涡轮增压器压气机结构设计···························································62.1压气机的结构··········································································62.1.1进气道··················································································62.1.2压气机叶轮············································································62.1.3扩压器··················································································72.1.4压气机蜗壳············································································72.2压气机的主要工作参数······························································82.2.1设计的原始数据······································································82.3离心式压气机的结构设计····························································92.3.1进气道··················································································92.3.2导风轮的初步设计·································································102.3.3叶轮（工作轮）的初步设计·····················································122.3.4扩压器的初步设计·································································152.3.5其他参数设计计算·································································162.3.6对初步设计进行校核······························································163涡轮结构设计···········································································183.1涡轮结构···············································································183.2工作轮结构设计······································································193.3相关参数设计·········································································203.3.1设计的原始数据····································································203.3.2废气在单级涡轮内的膨胀过程及效率·········································204涡轮增压器主轴轴承以及其它装置的研究·······································244.1涡轮增压器主轴······································································244.2涡轮增压器主轴轴承································································244.3涡轮增压器主轴轴承的润滑和冷却系统········································254.4涡轮增压器密封和隔热系统·······················································265经济性分析·············································································276.总结·······················································································28致谢························································································29参考文献···················································································30