句子的分类 - E度教育网

1、句子的分类句子的分类:由句子结构来讲，可分为三类简单一、简单句：由一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语（或并列谓语）构成的句子。 eg. We cleaned the windows and tidied the room. 二、并列句：由并列连词and, but,so,or,for等把两个或两个以上的简单句连起来的句子。 eg. 1)I come from China and he comes from Japan. 2)Hurry up,or youll miss the train. 3)He looked for it everywhere, but he couldnt find it.

2、 4)She didnt know the answer to the question,so she asked the teacher. 5)Hes interested in music while John is interested in sports. 三、复合句 A.宾语从句：宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语，引导宾语从句的关联词有that, if/whether, what, who, whose, which, why, when, where, how等。 1、连接词 1)由连接词that引导陈述句，在口语中that常省略。 eg. He said that he would

3、 like to see the headmaster. 2)由连接词whether/if引导一般疑问句，whether和if 常可互换，但下列场合一般用whether. 介词后的宾语从句：Im thinking of whether hell come. 与or not连用：I dont know whether I should go or not. 3)由连接代词what,who(whom,whose)which或连接副词when,where,why,how引导特殊疑问句。 eg. Do you know who/whom she is waiting for? 2、语序：不管宾语从句是

4、陈述句、一般疑问句或特殊疑问句，都要用陈述句语序，也就是说主谓次序不能颠倒。连接词主谓结构 (1).Bill wanted to know who did this. (2).I dont know whats the matter with Bob? (3).I dont know whats wrong with them? 3、时态：一般说来，主从句时态要统一。如果主句是一般现在时，从句可根据需要用其它任何时态；如果主句是一般过去时，从句应该用相应的过去时态范畴（也就是用一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。 eg.Lily wanted to know whether he

5、r grandma liked the handbag. I asked the teacher where we would have the meeting. Could you tell me how I can get to the zoo? 如果从句表明的是一个客观事实或真理，那么无论主句是什么时态，从句都只能用一般现在时。 eg. The teacher told us that light travels much faster than sound. 注意：在think后的宾语从句，如果需要表示否定意义，一般不在宾语从句中否定，而是在主句中否定。 eg. I dont thin

6、k that English is easy. I think that English is not easy. ( 误) 练习题：（一） How does he get on with his new classmates? Could you tell me? (改为含有宾语从句的复合句) Could you tell me how _ _ on with his new classmates? What is he doing there? Mother didnt know. (改为含有宾语从句的复合句) Mother didnt know what _ _doing there.

7、Could you tell me _ they are talking about? A.where B.when C.why D.what Youd better ask your mother whether is it cheap enough before you try it on. Excuse me.Could you tell me where _? A.is the toilet B.the toilet is C.was the toiletD.the toilet was 四、祈使句：表示请求、命令、建议或劝告等的句子叫祈使句，主语you通常省略。 1、祈使句的肯定形式

8、：一般以动词原形开头。 Open the door, please. 2、祈使句的否定形式：在句首谓语动词前加Dont。 Dont be late for class. 3、说话对象是第一人称和第三人称时，表示建议做某事。Let me/us Let him/her/them eg. Lets go to school. 注意： 1)祈使句 and/or 简单句是常用句型 祈使句 + and + 简单句 表示“如果，就” 祈使句 + or + 简单句 表示“否则” eg. 1.Go down the street,and youll see a hospital. 2.Be quick,or w

9、ell be late. 2)在祈使句后面，常常附加一个问句，使语气更加委婉。 eg. Tell me about it,will you/wont you? Dont tell anyone,will you? Lets go to school,shall we? Let us go out to play for a while,will you? 练习题 1)_ on the thin ice. Its dangerous. A.Dont skate B.Dont skating C.Skate D.Not skate 2)Lets fly the kite on the playgr

10、ound, _ _?（附加问句） 3)Please turn down the radio a bit, _ _?（附加问句） 句子的转换1、同义词组的转换：指不同的词组表达同一个意思，用另一个意义相同的词组替换原句中的词组。 1)Did your parents have a good time in Hangzhou? Did your parents _ _ in Hangzhou? 2)Jane prefers English to maths. Jane _ English _ than maths. 3)The smiths flew to London for their hol

11、iday yesterday afternoon. The smiths _to London for their holiday _ _yesterday afternoon. 4)Yesterday Tom heard from his sister. Yesterday Tom _ _ _ _ his sister. 5)The woman spent ￥200 on her handbag. The woman _ ￥200 _ her handbag. Her handbag _ the woman ￥200. 6)Lily taught herself Japanese. Lily

12、 _ Japanese _ _. 7)Lin Feng is weak in English. Lin Feng _ _ _ English. 2、反义词或词组的转换，相对于主语来说，动作发出的对象改变 1)They havent written to their daughter for a long time. The daughter _ _ from her parents for a long time. 2)The farmer borrowed a pan from the woman last week. The woman _ a pan _ the farmer last

13、week. 3)Remember to turn off the lights when you leave the room. _ _ to turn off the lights when you leave the room. 4)Lin Feng is weak in English. Lin Feng _ _ _ _ English. Lin Feng _ _ _ English. 3、比较等级的转换：形容词/副词的原级、比较级、最高级间的转换，通常用more than, less than,asas, not soas连接。 1) Japanese is not so popula

14、r as English. Japanese is _ popular _ English. 2) Jim runs faster than any other student in his class. Jim runs _ _ all the students in his class. _ runs _ than Jim in his class. _ runs _ fast _ Jim in his class. 3) He has more story-books than I. I havent _ many story-books _ he. 4、用连接词把两句合并为一句的转换。

15、 1)The old woman was very angry.She couldnt say a word. The old woman was _ angry _ say a word. 2)Edison was very clever.He could invent a lot of things. Edison was _ _ _ invent a lot of things. 3) Jane prefers English to maths. So does Ann. _ Jane _ Ann _ English to maths. 4)You can do this before

16、class, and you can also do it after class. You can do this _ before class _ after class. 5) This shirt doesnt look nice. That shirt doesnt look nice, either. _ this shirt _ that shirt _nice. 5、不同句子结构的转换，主要指简单句、并列句和复合句间的转换 1)We found him a good pupil. We found _ _ _ a good pupil. 2)The room is so sma

17、ll that my family cant live in it. The room isnt _ _ _ my family _ live in. The room is _ small _ my family _ live in. 3)His grandfather died ten years ago. It _ ten years _ his grandfather _. 4)Im not sure what I should do next. Im not sure _ _ _ next. 5)Hurry up, or youll miss the train. _ you _ h

18、urry up, youll miss the train. 6、根据句意的转换 1) Yesterday everyone of us went to the farm except Lucy. _ Lucy _ go to the farm with us yesterday. 2)Sam is friendly to his classmates and his classmates are friendly to him. Sam _ _ well with his classmates. 3)Lily was born ten minutes earlier than I was.

19、I am ten minutes _ than Lily. 4)English is spoken by the largest number of people in the world. English _ the largest number of _ in the world. 5)Its your turn to do it. Its _ _ you to do it. 6)The children cant wait to open their presents. The children want to see the presents _ _ _ _. 7)The room i

20、s bright enough. Theres _ _ in the room. 8)We cant finish the work if you dont help us. We cant finish the work _ _ help. 9)It rained heavily last night. There _ _ _ last night. 10)He has lived in the city since he was born. He has lived in the city _ _ _. 11)The building is beautiful and there are

21、many tall trees around it. The building _ many tall trees all _ is beautiful. 7、其它 1)I spent two hours reading the book yesterday. _ _ me two hours _ _ the book yesterday. 2)He bought the book two weeks ago. He _ _ the book _ two weeks. 3)Youre very kind to help me with my maths. _ _ very kind _ you _ help me with my